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61.
62.
Takehiko Koji Shinichi Izumi Masashi Tanno Tetsuya Moriuchi Paul K. Nakane 《The Histochemical journal》1988,20(10):551-557
Summary It has been suggested that c-myc, one of the proto-oncogenes, plays a role in normal somatic cell proliferation and differentiation. To define whether c-myc is only expressed during somatic cell division or is also expressed during meiotic cell division, the production of c-myc mRNA and protein were investigated in the mouse testis by usingin situ hybridization with non-radioactive DNA probes and enzyme immunohistochemistry respectively. Forin situ hybridization, T-T dimerized DNA probes were used and DNAs hybridizedin situ were detected immunohistochemically using specific antibody against T-T dimer. The results indicate that c-myc mRNA and protein are expressed in a cell-cycle-dependent manner only in spermatogonia and not in spermatocytes and spermatids. 相似文献
63.
The early stage of forest regeneration on Miyajima Island, southewstern Japan, was studied for three years after a fire in
1984, with respect to the effects of deer browsing. The regeneration patterns of woody species, in terms of the biomass increment
and browsing damage to plants, were classified into the following three groups: non- or rarely browsed species with little
increment of biomass, heavily browsed with little increment, and heavily browsed with large increment. The aboveground biomass
increased from 0.4 kg to 2.7 kg per 100 m2 during three years, and was less than half of the biomass obtained in other burnt pine forests on the adjacent deer-free
islands. About 28% of the plant biomass was consumed by deer. The effects of browsing on forest regeneration were heavier
at lower than that at the higher altitudes. On this island, deer browsing seems to have an important effect on vegetational
succession in the burnt areas. 相似文献
64.
Cycling of soil carbon was measured synthetically and quantitatively throughout a year in two Japanese red pine forest stands
on mid- and foot-slopes at Mt. Takao, Hiroshima Prefecture, west Japan. There was no distinct difference of soil temperature
along the slopes, but the soil water content was higher on the foot-slope than on the midslope. The carbon flow (litterfall,
soil respiration, etc.) rates were larger on the foot-slope than on the mid-slope, but there was no significant difference
of the accumulation of soil carbon (A0 layer or human in mineral soil) between the areas. The results of the analysis of soil carbon cycling based on a compartment
model show that the relative decomposition rate of A0 layer and humaus in mineral soil increased 1.4–1.5 fold from the mid- to the foot-slopes, corresponding to the soil moisture
condition. The relative decomposition rate of A0 layer was, however, about one-third of that in a evergreen oak forest. This fact suggests that the great resistance of needle
litter to decomposition is one of the main limiting factors of the cycling of soil carbon and prevents the fertilization of
mineral soil in the pine forest, which was also proven by the simulation of dynamics of soil carbon cycling. 相似文献
65.
Narimichi Kimura Kiyoko Nakane Nackazu Nagata 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1976,70(4):1250-1256
Effect of GTP on adenylate cyclase of liver plasma membrane was examined using ATP which was extensively purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. In the incubation containing 2mM purified ATP as substrate, GTP enhanced basal and glucagon- or fluoride-stimulated activities. When the unpurified ATP at 2mM was used, all the activities were high and the stimulatory effect of GTP was not detected. The substance(s) which was recovered from a small but significant peak on DEAE-cellulose column was equivalent to 10–100μM GTP in stimulating adenylate cyclase. These results indicate that, if highly purified ATP is used as substrate, GTP can enhance adenylate cyclase activity in the presence of millimolar concentration of ATP and that GTP enhances not only the glucagon-stimulated adenylate cyclase but also the basal as well as fluoride-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities. 相似文献
66.
Jennifer S. Pollock Ulrich F?rstermann W. Ross Tracey Masaki Nakane 《The Histochemical journal》1995,27(10):738-744
Summary Three isozymes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) have been identified, cDNAs isolated and sequenced, and antibodies produced
against each isozyme. Isozyme I (found primarily in central and peripheral neuronal cells), II (in cytokine-induced cells),
and III (in endothelial cells) show less than 58% identity in the deduced amino acid sequences from humans. Many investigators
have produced isozyme-specific antibodies and used these antibodies to locate these proteins in various cells and tissues.
NOS-I is constitutively expressed, and the enzymatic activity is regulated by Ca2+ and calmodulin. The anti-NOS-I antibodies have allowed investigators to characterize non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurons
as nitrergic neurons, revealed NOS-I immunoreactivity in neurons and macula densa cells of the kidney and pancreatic islet
cells, human skeletal muscle, and to demonstrate that various structures within the brain and spinal cord contain NOS-I. NOS-II
is not regulated by Ca2+ and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of sepsis and autoimmune diseases. The anti-NOS-II antibodies have localized
this isoform to infiltrating macrophages in pancreatic islets of diabetic rats, infiltrating macrophages and myocytes of a
transplant heart model in rats, various cell types in bacterially and endotoxin-treated rats, alveolar macrophages in areas
of inflammation in humans, and vascular smooth muscle cells of human atherosclerotic aneurysm. Isoform III is similar to NOS-I
in that it is constitutively expressed and regulated by Ca2+ and calmodulin. Anti-NOS-III antibodies have found that this isoform is relatively specific for endothelial cells. 相似文献
67.
Hu DL Zhu G Mori F Omoe K Okada M Wakabayashi K Kaneko S Shinagawa K Nakane A 《Cellular microbiology》2007,9(9):2267-2277
Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) produced by Staphylococcus aureus are the most recognizable bacterial superantigenic toxins causing food poisoning in humans throughout the world. However, it remains unclear how SEs induce emesis and its emetic signal pathway. We investigated a mechanism of SEA-induced emesis using a small emetic animal model, house musk shrew. SEA-induced emesis in the animals was inhibited by a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synthesis inhibitor and a 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist. SEA could increase 5-HT release in the small intestine. Pre-treatment with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) markedly inhibited SEA-induced emesis. SEA-induced emesis was also abolished by surgical vagotomy. Furthermore, cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonists inhibited SEA-induced emesis, and the action was reversed by a CB1 antagonist. Both 5-HT release and CB1 receptor expression were found in the mucosal and myenteric plexus of the intestine. Moreover, a CB1 receptor agonist significantly decreased the 5-HT release in the intestine. These results demonstrate that SEA induces 5-HT release in intestine, rather than in brain, and that the 5-HT(3) receptors on vagal afferent neurons are essential for SEA-stimulated emesis. In addition, SEA-induced emesis is downregulated by the CB system through decreasing 5-HT release in intestine. 相似文献
68.
Johee Yoon Masayo Abe-Suzuki Pudjadi Eko Hiroshi Tamai Shigeichiro Hanamitsu Kaneyuki Nakane 《Ecological Research》2006,21(1):117-125
The hydroxyl (OH) radical, which is generated in polluted dew water on leaf surfaces of the Japanese apricot (Prunus mume), is known to be a potent oxidant. In order to investigate the effects of the OH radical formed in polluted dew water on the photosynthesis and growth of 3-year-old seedlings of P. mume, OH radical-generating solutions simulating polluted dew water were sprayed in the early morning as a mist throughout a growing season onto the leaf surfaces of seedlings growing in experimental greenhouses. Four OH radical-generating solutions (0, 6, 18 and 54 M H2O2 with Fe(III) and an oxalate ion) were used in the mist treatment. Five months after the beginning of treatment, the leaves exposed to the mist containing 54 M H2O2 showed a significantly smaller maximum CO2 assimilation rate (Amax) and stomatal conductance (gs) as compared to the leaves exposed to the mist containing 0 M H2O2. Exposure of P. mume seedlings to the OH radical-generating mist had caused a reduction in the dry weight and relative growth rate (RGR) of the above-ground parts (stem + branch) at the end of the growing season. A significant positive correlation was shown between RGR and Amax. Thus, the effects of oxidants generated in polluted dew water on leaf surfaces can be considered to be a cause of the decrease in leaf photosynthesis and growth of P. mume. 相似文献
69.
To evaluate the effects of air pollution on the decline of Pinus densiflora forests, various research has been conducted around Mt. Gokurakuji (34° 23N, 132° 19E, 693 m a.s.l.) north of the Seto Inland Sea, west Japan. To investigate the mechanisms responsible for decreases in photosynthesis (Pn) and stomatal conductance (gl), 13C of needles and seasonal changes in the water content (WC) and abscisic acid concentration (ABA) of needles were measured in various stands. The 13C values were less negative in declining stands and younger needles. ABA and WC were not correlated with each other. WC decreased consistently with needle age while the ABA showed a minimum in August and a smaller content in older needles. Monthly precipitation and the daily maximum vapor pressure were not correlated with ABA and WC. In declining stands, WC and ABA tended to be higher and lower, respectively, than in nondeclining stands. These results suggest that the trees in declining stands received less water stress than those in nondeclining stands and the differences in gl and 13C are not caused by the difference in water stress. The possibilities of the effects of air pollution and the infection of pine-wood nematode on the physiological decline on the pine needles are discussed. 相似文献
70.