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41.
Jie Tian Yingxin Shi Shanshan Nai Qizhi Geng Leiliang Zhang Gong-Hong Wei Xingzhi Xu Jing Li 《遗传学报》2017,44(11):549-552
<正>Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division that generates two daughter cells(Fededa and Gerlich,2012).The textbook version di-vides the plant and animal cell cytokinesis into two categories.Plant cells form a mid-zone phragmoplast via vesicle delivering and fusion,and cell wall materials are thus deposited.Animal cells form actomyosin contractile rings,which are the sole force that drives abscission.However,recent evidence has been mounting and pinpointing a pivotal role of membrane transport and subse- 相似文献
42.
43.
The liver peptide hepcidin regulates body iron, is upregulated in iron overload and inflammation, and is downregulated in iron deficiency/hypoxia. The transmembrane serine protease matriptase-2 (TMPRSS6) inhibits the hepcidin response and its mutational inactivation causes iron-deficient anemia in mice and humans. Here we confirm the inhibitory effect of matriptase-2 on hepcidin promoter; we show that matriptase-2 lacking the serine protease domain, identified in the anemic Mask mouse (matriptase-2(MASK)), is fully inactive and that mutant R774C found in patients with genetic iron deficiency has decreased inhibitory activity. Matriptase-2 cleaves hemojuvelin (HJV), a regulator of hepcidin, on plasma membrane; matriptase-2(MASK) shows no cleavage activity and the human mutant only partial cleavage capacity. Matriptase-2 interacts with HJV through the ectodomain since the interaction is conserved in matriptase-2(MASK). The expression of matriptase-2 mutants in zebrafish results in anemia, confirming the matriptase-2 role in iron metabolism and its interaction with HJV. 相似文献
44.
Expression of hemolin, which generates an immune protein, was up-regulated in wandering fifth instar larval stage of Plodia interpunctella. The mRNA level peaked in the middle of the wandering stage. Major expression was in the epidermis, rather than in the fat body or gut. To test a possible ecdysteroid effect on hemolin induction we treated with RH-5992, an ecdysteroid agonist, and KK-42, which inhibits ecdysteroid biosynthesis in both feeding and wandering fifth instar larvae. When feeding larvae were treated with RH-5992 the hemolin mRNA level was increased. When wandering larvae were treated with KK-42 its level was reduced. In addition, when KK-42-treated larvae were subsequently treated with RH-5992 the hemolin mRNA level was recovered. These results strongly suggest that ecdysteroid up-regulates the expression of hemolin mRNA. Hormonal and bacterial effects on hemolin induction were further analyzed at the tissue level. Major induction of hemolin mRNA was detected following both RH-5992 treatment and bacterial injection in the epidermis of both feeding and wandering larvae. Minor induction of hemolin was detected in the fat body following a bacterial injection, but not RH-5992 treatment. We infer that in P. interpunctella larvae, the epidermis is the major tissue for hemolin induction in na?ve insects and in insects manipulated with bacterial and hormonal treatments. 相似文献
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46.
反相胶束体系中的酶学研究 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
反胶束是新的酶学研究体系,酶在反胶束体系中的性质与在水溶液中相比有较大区别.评述了反胶束体系的性质及酶在其中的催化活性及构象变化,讨论了影响酶活性及构象变化的各种因素,并简单介绍了反胶束酶学研究及应用的最新进展. 相似文献
47.
Sein Lwin Yasuo Inoshima Hiroshi Ueno Naotaka Ishiguro 《Cell and tissue research》2009,337(1):125-135
To investigate the uptake and transport patterns of variously sized particles in Peyer’s patches (PPs) of calves, intestinal
loops were created in four newborn and two 2-month-old calves, and the loops were inoculated with various particles, including
carbon black, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled latex, FITC-labeled dextran, bovine serum, and recombinant mouse prion
protein (rMPrP). The intestinal loops were recovered at 3, 6, 9, and 24 h in newborn calves and at 24 h in 2-month-old calves
after inoculation, and the transport of the particles was examined by histological and immunohistochemical means. The uptake
of the particles was quantified by estimation of signal intensities. A greater intensity was found in newborn calves compared
with the 2-month-old calves. The peak uptake of carbon black, FITC-labeled latex, and rMPrP in the PPs of the distal ileum
occurred at 6 h after inoculation in newborn calves and then progressively decreased with time. Uptake was also dependent
on the site within the small intestine and the size of the particle studied. The transport of carbon black, FITC-labeled latex,
and FITC-labeled dextran occurred via the bloodstream, the mesenteric lymph nodes, and the liver of newborn calves. rMPrP
was found primarily in the interfollicular regions of the submucosa of the distal ileum of newborn calves. Thus, distal ileal
PPs are probably more effective at particle absorption than the jejunal PPs, and the peak uptake of the PPs within the newborn
calf occurs at 6 h after inoculation.
This study was partly supported by a grant for BSE research from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Japan (17270701)
and Grant-in-Aid (no. 17380180) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan. 相似文献
48.
Eva Kucerova Sandra W. Clifton Xiao-Qin Xia Fred Long Steffen Porwollik Lucinda Fulton Catrina Fronick Patrick Minx Kim Kyung Wesley Warren Robert Fulton Dongyan Feng Aye Wollam Neha Shah Veena Bhonagiri William E. Nash Kymberlie Hallsworth-Pepin Richard K. Wilson Michael McClelland Stephen J. Forsythe 《PloS one》2010,5(3)
Background
The genus Cronobacter (formerly called Enterobacter sakazakii) is composed of five species; C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis, C. muytjensii, and C. dublinensis. The genus includes opportunistic human pathogens, and the first three species have been associated with neonatal infections. The most severe diseases are caused in neonates and include fatal necrotizing enterocolitis and meningitis. The genetic basis of the diversity within the genus is unknown, and few virulence traits have been identified.Methodology/Principal Findings
We report here the first sequence of a member of this genus, C. sakazakii strain BAA-894. The genome of Cronobacter sakazakii strain BAA-894 comprises a 4.4 Mb chromosome (57% GC content) and two plasmids; 31 kb (51% GC) and 131 kb (56% GC). The genome was used to construct a 387,000 probe oligonucleotide tiling DNA microarray covering the whole genome. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was undertaken on five other C. sakazakii strains, and representatives of the four other Cronobacter species. Among 4,382 annotated genes inspected in this study, about 55% of genes were common to all C. sakazakii strains and 43% were common to all Cronobacter strains, with 10–17% absence of genes.Conclusions/Significance
CGH highlighted 15 clusters of genes in C. sakazakii BAA-894 that were divergent or absent in more than half of the tested strains; six of these are of probable prophage origin. Putative virulence factors were identified in these prophage and in other variable regions. A number of genes unique to Cronobacter species associated with neonatal infections (C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus and C. turicensis) were identified. These included a copper and silver resistance system known to be linked to invasion of the blood-brain barrier by neonatal meningitic strains of Escherichia coli. In addition, genes encoding for multidrug efflux pumps and adhesins were identified that were unique to C. sakazakii strains from outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units. 相似文献49.
在广西象州中泥盆统东岗岭组壳相含泥质石灰岩中发现一个海星口面化石 ,定名为Devonasterguangxiensissp .nov .。该种中盘较大 ,腕长且直 ,下缘板发育 ,口角板肥大 ,略尖 ,与美国标本Devonastereucharis(Hall)相比 ,有一定的区别。海星化石与东岗岭组常见化石Actinopteria(双壳类 )和Atrypa(腕足类 ) 相似文献
50.
观察了脓毒血症大鼠心肌II型PLA2 活性、蛋白质含量及其m RNA 的变化。结果发现, 脓毒血症早期与晚期心肌II型PLA2 活性较对照组分别降低25 .0 % (P < 0 .05)及增高47.6 % (P < 0 .01),II型PLA2 蛋白质含量分别降低27.0% 及增高48 .0 %( 均P < 0 .01); 心肌II型PLA2 m RNA合成率与含量呈现类似的双相变化, 在脓毒血症早、晚期mRNA 合成率分别降低45.0% 和升高70.0 % (均P < 0 .01),mRNA含量分别降低34.1 % 和增加157 .0% (均P< 0 .01) 。脓毒血症早、晚期心脏II型PLA2 m RNA半衰期无显著变化(P > 0.05) 。实验结果表明大鼠脓毒血症发生过程中心肌II型PLA2 活性呈现出先下降后升高的变化, 这一变化受其mRNA 转录水平的调节。 相似文献