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121.
Rym Kaddour Olfa Baatour Hela Mahmoudi Nawel Nasri Maha Zaghdoudi Mokhtar Lachaâl 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(6):2083-2090
The response to salt treatment and K+ provision of two Arabidopsis thaliana accessions grown for 17 days in the presence of 50 mM NaCl was investigated. Leaf and root dry weight deposition was restricted
by salt, more in Col accession than in NOK2 accession. In both accessions, the growth inhibition induced by salinity was associated
with a decrease in total leaf surface area, which resulted from diminished leaf number, but not from restriction of individual
leaf surface area. Comparing the effects of salt on dry matter production and total leaf surface area revealed large difference
between Col and NOK2 for net assimilation rate (the amount of whole plant biomass produced per unit leaf surface area), which
was augmented by salt and K+ in NOK2 but not in Col. This result, which suggested a better capacity of NOK2 to preserve its photosynthetic machinery against
salt stress, was in agreement with the effect of NaCl on photosynthetic pigments. Indeed, salt significantly reduced chlorophyll
and carotenoid content in Col leaves but had no impact on NOK2 leaf pigment content. Since K+ provision had only marginal effects on these responses to salt stress, leaf mineral unbalance was unlikely. Guaiacol peroxidase
activity was augmented by salt treatment in leaves and roots of both accessions. Salinity decreased the catalase activity
in Col leaves and in roots, and increased this activity in NOK2 organs. In conclusion, when aggressed by salt, NOK2 was able
(1) to produce more leaves than Col, and (2) to efficiently protect its photosynthetic apparatus, perhaps by developing more
efficient antioxidative defense through increased catalase and peroxidase activities. Consequently, the overall photosynthetic
activity was higher and more robust to salt aggression in NOK2 than in Col. 相似文献
122.
Imène Ben Salah Tarek Slatni Margaret Gruber Héla Mahmoudi Kais Zribi Chedly Abdelly 《Symbiosis (Philadelphia, Pa.)》2011,53(3):139-147
Genotypic variability was assessed within six Medicago ciliaris genotypes growing symbiotically with Sinorhizobium medicae in order to identify physiological criteria (growth, ion content, and plant health) associated with salt tolerance. Response
to salt stress depended on the line and the level of salt. Two lines with lower dry biomass under non-saline conditions (TNC
1.8 from a semi-arid area and TNC 10.8 from a sub-humid area), were more tolerant to NaCl, whereas the most productive lines
(TNC 11.5 and TNC 11.9 from a humid bioclime) were more sensitive in terms of growth and nitrogen fixation. Susceptibility
of symbiotic nitrogen fixation to saline stress was not associated with a higher accumulation of Na+ in nodules, since the most tolerant lines TNC 1.8 and TNC 10.8 accumulated the highest Na+ amount in nodules. Leaf area and net photosynthate assimilation rate were conserved in line TNC 1.8 and to a lesser extent
in line TNC 10.8 potentially owing to a greater ability to protect aerial organs and nodules from Na+ damage and to insure a better supply of leaves with nitrogen. Our results suggest that nodule growth and number and nodule
Na+ content should not be used as selection tools for tolerance or susceptibility, since two of the tested lines maintained consistent
growth in spite of reduced nodule and high Na+ content. Instead, the most reliable physiological indicators for tolerance appear to be consistent growth (i.e., no growth
changes) and reduced leaf Na+ accumulation with increasing concentrations of NaCl. 相似文献
123.
Farajdokht Fereshteh Vosoughi Armin Ziaee Mojtaba Araj-Khodaei Mostafa Mahmoudi Javad Sadigh-Eteghad Saeed 《Molecular biology reports》2020,47(9):6487-6496
Molecular Biology Reports - Echium amoenum (EA), a popular medicinal plant in Persian medicine, has anxiolytic, antioxidant, sedative, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study examined whether... 相似文献
124.
Survival Improvement in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells via Fas Receptor Targeting by miR‐374a 下载免费PDF全文
125.
Esmaeil Mahmoudi Reyhaneh Soleimani 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2019,52(3-4):371-384
Quorum sensing is a regulatory mechanism of gene expression in bacteria which regulated many physiological processes such as production of virulence factors in Pectobacterium carotovorum. In this research, the plant expression vector, pBI121, harbouring the anti-quorum sensing gene, aiiA, was transformed into Potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Agria) explants by Agrobacterium mediated transformation procedure and putative transformants containing pBI121/aiiA were obtained. The results of bioassay test revealed that the expression of aiiA gene in potato plant induces the resistance to the early stage of bacterium pathogenesis. The soft rot symptoms such as wilting, yellowing and tissue maceration were not observed until 48?hr after inoculation of transgenic potatoes with P. carotovorum. Although in non-transgenic plants, the disease symptoms were appeared after 24?hr of plants infection. Hence, this study proves that the heterologous expression of aiiA gene enhances the resistance against potato soft rot disease. 相似文献
126.
127.
- The future impact of climate change and a warmer world is a matter of great concern. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature on pollen viability and fruit set of Mediterranean orchids.
- The in vitro and controlled pollination experiments were performed to evaluate the ability of pollinia stored at lower and higher temperatures to germinate and produce fruits and seeds containing viable embryos.
- In all of the examined orchids, pollen stored at ?20 °C remained fully viable for up to 3 years, reducing its percentage germination from year 4 onwards. Pollinia stored at higher temperatures had a drastic reduction in vitality after 2 days at 41–44 °C, while pollinia stored at 47–50 °C did not show any pollen tube growth.
- The different levels of pollen viability duration among the examined orchids can be related to their peculiar reproductive biology and pollination ecology. The germinability of pollinia stored at lower temperatures for long periods suggests that orchid pollinia can be conserved ex situ. In contrast, higher temperatures can have harmful effects on the vitality of pollen and consequently on reproductive success of the plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the effects of global change on orchid pollen, and on pollen ability to tolerate, or not, higher air temperatures. Although vegetative reproduction allows orchids to survive a few consecutive warm years, higher temperatures for several consecutive years can have dramatic effects on reproductive success of orchids.
128.
Mahmoudi T Arkani M Karimi K Safaei A Rostami F Arbabi E Pourhoseingholi MA Mohebbi SR Nikzamir A Romani S Almasi S Abbaszadeh M Vafaei M Zali MR 《Molecular biology reports》2012,39(5):5277-5282
Vitamin D appears to have anti-tumor activities in the large bowel. Our aim was to investigate whether -4817 G>A (rs2238136) polymorphism located at 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the human vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene was associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We conducted a case-control study and VDR genotypes, determined by Bpu10I restriction endonuclease digestion of PCR-amplified DNA, were performed on 327 cases with CRC and 327 controls. The distribution of VDR -4817 G>A genotypes and alleles differed significantly between cases with CRC and controls even after adjustment for confounding factors such as age, BMI, sex, and smoking status. Individuals carrying the "AA" genotype had a 2.09-fold increased risk compared with those with "GG" genotype (P?=?0.016, OR?=?2.09, 95% CI?=?1.15-3.78) and a 1.87-fold increased risk compared with those with "GG and GA" genotypes (P?=?0.033, OR?=?1.87, 95% CI?=?1.05-3.33) for CRC. Furthermore, the VDR "A" allele was significantly overrepresented in cases with CRC than controls (P?=?0.044; OR?=?1.28, 95% CI?=?1.01-1.63). Interestingly, the analysis of the SNP revealed that all these associations were stronger for women subjects than for all subjects combined. These data indicated for the first time a direct association between "AA" genotype of VDR gene -4817 G>A polymorphism and CRC, with a stronger association for female subjects. However, our findings remain to be confirmed in other populations. 相似文献
129.
Nathaniel Yakobov Nassira Mahmoudi Guillaume Grob Daisuke Yokokawa Yusuke Saga Tetsuo Kushiro Danielle Worrell Herv Roy Hubert Schaller Bruno Senger Laurence Huck Gisela Riera Gascon Hubert D. Becker Frdric Fischer 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2022,298(3)
A wide range of bacteria possess virulence factors such as aminoacyl-tRNA transferases (ATTs) that are capable of rerouting aminoacyl-transfer RNAs away from protein synthesis to conjugate amino acids onto glycerolipids. We recently showed that, although these pathways were thought to be restricted to bacteria, higher fungi also possess ergosteryl-3β-O-L-aspartate synthases (ErdSs), which transfer the L-Asp moiety of aspartyl-tRNAAsp onto the 3β-OH group of ergosterol (Erg), yielding ergosteryl-3β-O-L-aspartate (Erg-Asp). Here, we report the discovery, in fungi, of a second type of fungal sterol-specific ATTs, namely, ergosteryl-3β-O-glycine (Erg-Gly) synthase (ErgS). ErgS consists of a freestanding DUF2156 domain encoded by a gene distinct from and paralogous to that of ErdS. We show that the enzyme only uses Gly-tRNAGly produced by an independent glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS) to transfer glycine onto the 3β-OH of Erg, producing Erg-Gly. Phylogenomics analysis also show that the Erg-Gly synthesis pathway exists only in Ascomycota, including species of biotechnological interest, and more importantly, in human pathogens, such as Aspergillus fumigatus. The discovery of a second type of Erg-aa not only expands the repertoire of this particular class of fungal lipids but suggests that Erg-aa synthases might constitute a genuine subfamily of lipid-modifying ATTs. 相似文献
130.
Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Treatment in Rats Increases GABAA Receptor α4-Subunit Expression: Possible Relevance to Alcohol Dependence 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Mithra Mahmoudi Maeng-Hee Kang †Niranjala Tillakaratne †‡§Allan J. Tobin §¶ Richard W. Olsen 《Journal of neurochemistry》1997,68(6):2485-2492
Abstract: Chronic administration of ethanol to rats on an intermittent regimen, for 60 repeated intoxicating doses and repeated withdrawal episodes, results in a long-lasting kindling phenomenon. This involves an increasing severity of withdrawal, including a reduced threshold to seizures produced by the GABAA antagonist, pentylenetetrazol. We have shown previously that muscimol-evoked 36 Cl− efflux and paired-pulse inhibition (involving GABAA -mediated recurrent inhibition) were decreased persistently in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices from chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE)-treated rats. We now report elevated levels of mRNA in forebrain for the α4 subunit of the GABAA receptor (GABAR), considered to be a constituent of pharmacologically and physiologically novel subtypes of GABARs. Using in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled RNA probes, we show that at 2 days withdrawal, 60-dose CIE leads to a significant 30% increase in α4 subunit mRNA levels in the dentate gyrus, 46% increase in the CA3, and 26% increase in the CA1 regions. In contrast, there was no significant change in the mRNAs for the α5 subunit or glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 in the same regions. This study suggests that GABAR subunit-selective alterations occur after CIE treatment, possibly resulting in the alteration of the subunit composition of GABARs, with presumably altered physiological functions. This plasticity of GABARs may contribute to the increased withdrawal severity, reduced hippocampal inhibition, and increased seizure susceptibility of this animal model of human alcohol dependence. 相似文献