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91.
Isabelle?Grosdemouge Anne?Bachelot Aurélie?Lucas Nathalie?Baran Paul?A?Kelly Nadine?BinartEmail author 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2003,1(1):12
Prolactin (PRL) exerts pleiotropic physiological effects in various cells and tissues, and is mainly considered as a regulator
of reproduction and cell growth. Null mutation of the PRL receptor (R) gene leads to female sterility due to a complete failure
of embryo implantation. Pre-implantatory egg development, implantation and decidualization in the mouse appear to be dependent
on ovarian rather than uterine PRLR expression, since progesterone replacement permits the rescue of normal implantation and
early pregnancy. To better understand PRL receptor deficiency, we analyzed in detail ovarian and corpora lutea development
of PRLR-/- females. The present study demonstrates that the ovulation rate is not different between PRLR+/+ and PRLR-/- mice.
The corpus luteum is formed but an elevated level of apoptosis and extensive inhibition of angiogenesis occur during the luteal
transition in the absence of prolactin signaling. These modifications lead to the decrease of LH receptor expression and consequently
to a loss of the enzymatic cascades necessary to produce adequate levels of progesterone which are required for the maintenance
of pregnancy. 相似文献
92.
Drought stress and recovery of riparian cottonwoods due to water table alteration along Willow Creek,Alberta 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A 5-m-deep gravel pit was excavated from 1996 to 1998 in the floodplain between Willow Creek, Alberta, and a grove of balsam poplars ('cottonwoods', Populus balsamifera L.) and water level at the pit was lowered 2.5 m through pumping. This interrupted the infiltration of stream water into the riparian groundwater and imposed drought stress on the cottonwoods. Trees in the drought-affected grove displayed extensive leaf senescence and abscission in late August 1998, while trees in nearby control groves remained green until autumnal senescence in late September. The precocious senescence was accompanied by a two-thirds reduction in leaf stomatal conductance (g s) but mid-day leaf xylem water potentials (ψl) were only slightly reduced (?1.55 vs 1.42 MPa). Pumping ceased in 1999, the pit was partially refilled, and the hydraulic linkage between the stream and the riparian zone recovered. Subsequently in August 1999, g s and ψl were similar for trees in the affected and control groves and senescence phenologies were similar in 1999 and 2000. Annual branch growth increments varied 3-fold across years between 1994 and 1999, but there was no reduction in these growth increments in the drought-affected trees in 1998 or 1999. This study supports the hydraulic linkage between a stream and the adjacent riparian zone in a semi-arid region and demonstrates the vulnerability of riparian cottonwoods to drought due to water table depletion. It also indicates rapid physiological recovery of cottonwoods following restoration of water availability. 相似文献
93.
Long W Wagner KU Lloyd KC Binart N Shillingford JM Hennighausen L Jones FE 《Development (Cambridge, England)》2003,130(21):5257-5268
The ERBB family of type 1 receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands have crucial functions during mammopoiesis, but the signaling networks that ultimately regulate ERBB activity in the breast have remained elusive. Here, we show that mice with Cre-lox mediated deletions of both Erbb4 alleles within the developing mammary gland (Erbb4(Flox/Flox)Wap-Cre) fail to accumulate lobuloalveoli or successfully engage lactation at parturition owing, in part, to impaired epithelial proliferation. Analysis of the mammary differentiation factor STAT5 by immunohistochemistry and western blot revealed a complete ablation of STAT5 activation in Erbb4(Flox/Flox)Wap-Cre mammary epithelium at parturition. Consistent with disrupted STAT5 function, Erbb4(Flox/Flox)Wap-Cre mammary glands at parturition failed to express the mammary epithelial differentiation marker NPT2B. Defects in epithelial functional differentiation at parturition were accompanied by a profound reduction in expression of the STAT5-regulated milk genes casein beta and whey acidic protein. We propose that ERBB4 functions as an essential mediator of STAT5 signaling, and that loss of STAT5 activity contributes to the impaired functional differentiation of mammary glands observed in mice containing conditional Erbb4 deletions. 相似文献
94.
Wegrowski Y Gillery P Kotlarz G Perreau C Georges N Maquart FX 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2000,205(1-2):125-131
Cell culture in collagen lattice is known to be a more physiological model than monolayer for studying the regulation of extracellular matrix protein deposition. The synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and dermatan sulfate (DS) proteoglycans by 3 cell strains were studied in confluent monolayers grown on plastic surface, in comparison to fully retracted collagen lattices. Cells were labelled with35S-sulfate, followed by GAG and proteoglycan analysis by cellulose acetate and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. The 3 cell strains contracted the lattice in a similar way. In monolayer cultures, the major part of GAG was secreted into culture medium whereas in lattice cultures of dermal fibroblasts and osteosarcoma MG-63 cells but not fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells, a higher proportion of GAGs, including dermatan sulfate, was retained within the lattices. Small DS proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan, were detected in fibroblasts and MG-63 cultures. They were preferentially trapped within the collagen gel. In retracted lattices, decorin had a higher Mr than in monolayer. Biglycan was detected in monolayer and lattice cultures of MG-63 cells but in lattice cultures only in the case of fibroblasts. In this last case, an up regulation of biglycan mRNA steady state level and down regulation of decorin mRNA was observed, in comparison to monolayers, indicating that collagen can modulate the phenotypical expression of small proteoglycan genes.Supported by a fellowship from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 相似文献
95.
Peter I. Duncan Grigorios Fotopoulos Elisabeth Pasche Nadine Porta Isabelle Masserey Elmelegy Jose-Luis Sanchez-Garcia Gabriela E. Bergonzelli & Irène Corthésy-Theulaz 《FEMS microbiology letters》2009,295(2):218-225
Clostridium difficile is responsible for a large proportion of nosocomial cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis. The present study provides evidence that yeast, beef and pork extracts, ingredients commonly used to grow bacteria, can counteract C. difficile toxin A enterotoxicity in vitro and in vivo . In model intestinal epithelial cells the individual extracts could prevent the toxin A-induced decrease in epithelial barrier function and partially prevented actin disaggregation and cell rounding. Mice with ad libitum access to individual extracts for 1 week had almost complete reduction in toxin A-induced fluid secretion in intestinal loops. Concomitantly, the toxin A-induced expression of the essential proinflammatory mediator Cox-2 was normalized. Moreover this protective effect was also seen when mice received only two doses of extract by intragastric gavage within 1 week. These results show that yeast, beef and pork extracts have the potential to counteract the intestinal pathogenesis triggered by C. difficile toxin A. 相似文献
96.
Pierre Verhaeghe Nadine Azas Sébastien Hutter Caroline Castera-Ducros Michèle Laget Aurélien Dumètre Monique Gasquet Jean-Pierre Reboul Sylvain Rault Pascal Rathelot Patrice Vanelle 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2009,17(13):4313-4322
To identify a new safe antiplasmodial molecular scaffold, an original series of 2-trichloromethylquinazolines, functionalized in position 4 by an alkyl- or arylamino substituent, was synthesized from 4-chloro-2-trichloromethylquinazoline 1, via a cheap, fast and efficient solvent-free operating procedure. Among the 40 molecules prepared, several exhibit a good profile with both a significant antiplasmodial activity on the W2 Plasmodium falciparum strain (IC50 values: 0.4–2.2 μM) and a promising toxicological behavior regarding human cells (HepG2/W2 selectivity indexes: 40–83), compared to the antimalarial drug compounds chloroquine and doxycycline. The in vitro antitoxoplasmic and antileishmanial evaluations were conducted in parallel on the most active molecules, showing that these ones specifically display antiplasmodial properties. 相似文献
97.
Türkân Saknç Britta Kleine Nadine Michalski Martin Kaase & Sören G. Gatermann 《FEMS microbiology letters》2009,301(1):28-34
The transferability of a large plasmid that harbors a tetracycline resistance gene tet (S), to fish and human pathogens was assessed using electrotransformation and conjugation. The plasmid, originally isolated from fish intestinal Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis KYA-7, has potent antagonistic activity against the selected recipients ( Lactococcus garvieae and Listeria monocytogenes ), preventing conjugation. Therefore the tetracycline resistance determinant was transferred via electroporation to L . garvieae . A transformant clone was used as the donor in conjugation experiments with three different L. monocytogenes strains. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the transfer of an antibiotic resistance plasmid from fish-associated lactic bacteria to L. monocytogenes , even if the donor L. garvieae was not the original host of the tetracycline resistance but experimentally created by electroporation. These results demonstrate that the antibiotic resistance genes in the fish intestinal bacteria have the potential to spread both to fish and human pathogens, posing a risk to aquaculture and consumer safety. 相似文献
98.
99.
Jonathan C. Hill Elaine Thomas Susan Hill Nadine E. Foster Danielle A. van der Windt 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
Objective
To develop and validate a patient report outcome measure (PROM) for clinical practice that can monitor health status of patients with a range of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders.Methods
Constructs for inclusion in the MSK-PROM were identified from a consensus process involving patients with musculoskeletal conditions, clinicians, purchasers of healthcare services, and primary care researchers. Psychometric properties of the brief tool, including face and construct validity, repeatability and responsiveness were assessed in a sample of patients with musculoskeletal pain consulting physiotherapy services in the United Kingdom (n=425).Results
The consensus process identified 10 prioritised domains for monitoring musculoskeletal health status: pain intensity, quality of life, physical capacity, interference with social/leisure activities, emotional well-being, severity of most difficult thing, activities and roles, understanding independence, and overall impact. As the EuroQol (EQ-5D-5L) is a widely adopted PROMs tool and covers the first four domains listed, to reduce patient burden to a minimum the MSK-PROM was designed to capture the remaining six prioritised domains which are not measured by the EQ-5D-5L. The tool demonstrated excellent reliability, construct validity, responsiveness and acceptability to patients and clinicians for use in clinical practice.Conclusion
We have validated a brief patient reported outcome measure (MSK-PROM) for use in clinical practice to measure musculoskeletal health status and monitor outcomes over time using domains that are meaningful to patients and sensitive to change. Further work will establish whether the MSK-PROM is useful in other musculoskeletal healthcare settings. 相似文献100.
Nadine C. Chapman Brock A. Harpur Julianne Lim Thomas E. Rinderer Michael H. Allsopp Amro Zayed Benjamin P. Oldroyd 《Molecular ecology resources》2015,15(6):1346-1355
The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is the world's most important pollinator and is ubiquitous in most agricultural ecosystems. Four major evolutionary lineages and at least 24 subspecies are recognized. Commercial populations are mainly derived from subspecies originating in Europe (75–95%). The Africanized honeybee is a New World hybrid of A. m. scutellata from Africa and European subspecies, with the African component making up 50–90% of the genome. Africanized honeybees are considered undesirable for bee‐keeping in most countries, due to their extreme defensiveness and poor honey production. The international trade in honeybees is restricted, due in part to bans on the importation of queens (and semen) from countries where Africanized honeybees are extant. Some desirable strains from the United States of America that have been bred for traits such as resistance to the mite Varroa destructor are unfortunately excluded from export to countries such as Australia due to the presence of Africanized honeybees in the USA. This study shows that a panel of 95 single nucleotide polymorphisms, chosen to differentiate between the African, Eastern European and Western European lineages, can detect Africanized honeybees with a high degree of confidence via ancestry assignment. Our panel therefore offers a valuable tool to mitigate the risks of spreading Africanized honeybees across the globe and may enable the resumption of queen and bee semen imports from the Americas. 相似文献