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41.
42.
胚胎干细胞起源于植入前胚胎的内细胞团(inner cell mass,ICM),能够在体外进行增殖并能分化成三个胚层的所有细胞类型.如果能有效地将胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell,ES细胞)诱导分化为特定的细胞类型,ES细胞将成为细胞替代治疗中供体细胞的一个理想来源,从而可以应用于帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)、糖尿病、心脓死等的退行性病变疾病的治疗.近年来,将ES细胞来源的多巴胺能神经元用于PD治疗的研究越来越广泛.现对这些研究中有关基因表达调控、实验研究进展、临床应用以及所遇到的问题作一综述.虽然这些研究还没能最终大面积应用于临床.但为PD的治疗提供了一个广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
43.
Ischemia deteriorates the spike encoding of rat cerebellar Purkinje cells by raising intracellular Ca2+ 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhao S Chen N Yang Z Huang L Zhu Y Guan S Chen Q Wang JH 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2008,366(2):401-407
Ischemia-induced excitotoxicity at cerebellar Purkinje cells is presumably due to a persistent glutamate action. To the fact that they are more vulnerable to ischemia than other glutamate-innervated neurons, we studied whether additional mechanisms are present and whether cytoplasm Ca2+ plays a key role in their ischemic excitotoxicity. Ischemic changes in the excitability of Purkinje cells were measured by whole-cell recording in cerebellar slices of rats with less glutamate action. The role of cytoplasm Ca2+ was examined by two-photon cellular imaging and BAPTA infusion in Purkinje cells. Lowering perfusion rate to cerebellar slices deteriorated spike timing and raised spike capacity of Purkinje cells. These changes were associated with the reduction of spike refractory periods and threshold potentials, as well as the loss of their control to spike encoding. Ischemia-induced functional deterioration at Purkinje neurons was accompanied by cytoplasm Ca2+ rise and prevented by BAPTA infusion. Therefore, the ischemia destabilizes the spike encoding of Purkinje cells via raising cytoplasm Ca2+ without a need for glutamate, which subsequently causes their excitotoxic death. 相似文献
44.
P-Selectin-mediated acute inflammation can be blocked by chemically modified heparin, RO-heparin 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Selectins are carbohydrate-binding cell adhesion molecules that play a major role in the initiation of inflammatory responses. Heparin can bind to P-selectin, and its anti-inflammatory property is mainly due to inhibition of P-selectin. However, the strong anticoagulant activity of heparin limits its clinical use. We prepared periodate-oxidized, borohydride-reduced heparin (RO-heparin) by chemical modification and tested its anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assays showed that, compared with heparin, RO-heparin had greatly reduced anticoagulant activity. Intravenous administration of this compound led to reduction in the peritoneal infiltration of neutrophils in a mouse acute inflammation model. In vitro cell adhesion experiments demonstrated that the effect of RO-heparin on inflammatory responses was mainly due to inhibiting the interaction of P-selectin with its ligands. These results indicate that RO-heparin may be a safer treatment for inflammation than heparin, especially when selectin is targeted. 相似文献
45.
46.
Aberrantly glycosylated proteins related to liver cancer progression were captured with specific lectin and identified from human plasma by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry as multiple biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The lectin fractionation for fucosylated protein glycoforms in human plasma was conducted with a fucose-specific aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL). Following tryptic digestion of the lectin-captured fraction, plasma samples from 30 control cases (including 10 healthy, 10 hepatitis B virus [HBV], and 10 cirrhosis cases) and 10 HCC cases were quantitatively analyzed by MRM to identify which glycoproteins are viable HCC biomarkers. A1AG1, AACT, A1AT, and CERU were found to be potent biomarkers to differentiate HCC plasma from control plasmas. The AUROC generated independently from these four biomarker candidates ranged from 0.73 to 0.92. However, the lectin-coupled MRM assay with multiple combinations of biomarker candidates is superior statistically to those generated from the individual candidates with AUROC more than 0.95, which can be an alternative to the immunoassay inevitably requiring tedious development of multiple antibodies against biomarker candidates to be verified. Eventually the lectin-coupled, targeted proteomic mass spectrometry (MRM MS) platform was found to be efficient to identify multiple biomarkers from human plasma according to cancer progression. 相似文献
47.
Pectinase was immobilized on a sodium alginate support using glutaraldehyde and retained 66% activity. The optimal pH for
activity shifted from 3.0 to 3.5 after immobilization; however, the optimum temperature remained unchanged at 40°C. The immobilized
enzyme also had a higher thermal stability and reusability than the free enzyme, and retained 80% of initial activity after
11 batch reactions. 相似文献
48.
Recombinant baculoviruses have emerged as a new gene delivery vehicle for mammalian cells. Thus, a shuttle promoter that mediates gene expression in both insect and mammalian cells will facilitate the development of a baculovirus vector-based mammalian cell gene delivery vehicle. This study described the generation of three recombinant baculoviruses with an EGFP reporter gene under the control of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) ie1 promoter, or either of two control promoters, the baculovirus early-to-late (ETL) promoter and polyhedrin promoter. The resulting recombinant baculoviruses were used to infect insect Sf9 cells and transduce several mammalian cell lines to test the expression of EGFP. We found that the WSSV ie1 promoter displayed a strong promoter activity in both insect and mammalian cells, and showed a stronger promoter activity than the ETL promoter in some mammalian cell lines. The activity of the WSSV ie1 promoter, but not the ETL promoter, can be enhanced by sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. A transient plasmid transfection assay indicated that the WSSV ie1 promoter activity in mammalian cells is independent of baculovirus gene expression, differing from the ETL promoter, which was shown to be baculovirus-dependent. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the WSSV ie1 promoter can function as a baculovirus-independent shuttle promoter between insect cells and mammalian cells. This novel shuttle promoter will facilitate the application of baculovirus-based vectors in gene expression, gene therapy, and non-replicative vector vaccines. 相似文献
49.
铜、铅、镉、锌、汞和银离子复合污染对水螅的急性毒性效应 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以水螅(Hydrasp)为例,通过单因子静态急性毒性试验方法和等毒性溶液法,分别研究Hg2 、Cu2 、Cd2 、Ag 、Zn2 和Pb2 对其单一和复合毒性效应。单一实验结果表明,它们对水螅毒性大小顺序为Hg2 >Cu2 >Cd2 >Ag >Zn2 >Pb2 。复合毒性实验表明,Zn2 与Cu2 、Hg2 、Pb2 、Ag ;Pb2 与Cu2 ;Hg2 与Ag ;Pb2 与Ag 这些组合对水螅联合急性毒性总体上表现出拮抗作用,Cd2 与Cu2 、Hg2 、Pb2 、Ag 组合总体上则是协同作用,Zn2 与Cd2 、Pb2与Hg2 、Cu2 与Hg2 ,Ag 在不同的浓度水平组合下明显表现出不同的毒性效应。 相似文献
50.
为明确E61-24-P15 A型重组流感病毒的第189代传代子病毒(IVpi-189)是否具备流感病毒温度敏感减毒活疫苗候选株的特点,将IVpi-189病毒感染MDCK细胞,并于不同培养温度条件下培养,观察其致细胞病变效应,病毒合成、释放情况,以及不同温度条件下病毒存活时间。结果显示32℃培养温度下,IVpi-189病毒具有等同于亲代野生病毒株的诱导细胞病变能力,而当培养温度上调至38℃,IVpi-189病毒致细胞病变效果出现缓慢且程度明显减轻。空斑形成单位实验发现IVpi-189病毒在38℃培养条件下增殖能力明显下降,其原因与病毒灭活速度及子病毒释放无关,但与感染细胞病毒合成能力下降有关。上述实验结果初步证实流感病毒持续感染细胞系来源的IVpi-189病毒具有温度敏感减毒活疫苗的生物学特性,在许可培养温度条件下具有良好的增殖能力,而在非许可培养温度下,病毒增殖活性受到明显抑制。本研究为流感病毒减毒活疫苗的开发研制提供实验佐证。 相似文献