Tarsal contact chemoreceptors of the black swallowtail butterfly Papilio polyxenes: responses to phytochemicals from host- and non-host plants

Abstract Tarsal contact chemoreceptors of the black swallowtail butterfly Papilio polyxenes (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) were stimulated with leaf-surface extracts and ethanolic extracts of whole leaves of a host-plant (Daucus carota) and a non-host (Brassica oleracea). Both leaf extracts evoked large numbers of spikes but stimulated different receptor neurones. It is concluded that a large difference exists between the sensory responses to host and non-host extracts. Two chemicals, luteolin 7-0-(6"-0-malonyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside and trans- chlorogenic acid, known to be present in the host and known oviposi-tion stimulants for P.polyxenes , were also tested and shown to be active. No responses were found to luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside or to luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide. These flavonoids occur in D.carota foliage, but do not stimulate oviposition.     

Applications of the double-barreled data in whole-genome shotgun sequence assembly and analysis

Double-barreled (DB) data have been widely used for the assembly of large genomes. Based on the experience of building the whole-genome working draft of Oryza sativa L.ssp. Indica, we present here the prevailing and improved uses of DB data in the assembly procedure and report on novel applications during the following data-mining processes such as acquiring precise insert fragment information of each clone across the genome, and a new kind of Iow-cost whole-genome microarray. With the increasing number of organisms being sequenced,we believe that DB data will play an important role both in other assembly procedures and infuture genomic studies.     

牙鲆GH基因第1外显子区微卫星标记与幼鱼生长性状的相关分析

摘要：以牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）一个养殖群体中的100个个体为研究材料,分析了其GH基因第1外显子区域中微卫星座位的多态性,同时对各基因型与其体重、体长等生长性状进行了关联性分析。结果表明,该外显子微卫星座位具有一定的多态性,共检测到3个等位基因(A、B、C)、5种基因型,这3个等位基因的频...     

根癌农杆菌介导的水稻转基因技术体系的优化

对根癌农杆菌介导水稻遗传转化的各重要因素逐一分析,比较不同基因型、培养基成份、光照、继代次数、菌液浓度、侵染时间、干燥情况等因素对遗传转化的影响。通过培养条件的优化,建立了一个高效的水稻转化技术体系。研究结果表明,相比较于暗培养,光照培养进行愈伤诱导可以使诱导天数缩短4~5d;诱导培养基中加入适量的激素可以使籼稻愈伤诱导提高25%~30%;分化培养基中加入适量的氨基酸和甘露醇可以使植株再生频率提高15%~20%。     

Grafting helps improve photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in leaves of muskmelon

The most important quality for muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) is their sweetness which is closely related to the soluble sugars content. Leaves are the main photosynthetic organs in plants and thus the source of sugar accumulation in fruits since sugars are translocated from leaves to fruits. The effects of grafting muskmelon on two different inter-specific (Cucurbita maxima×C. moschata) rootstocks was investigated with respect to photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Grafting Zhongmi1 muskmelon on RibenStrong (GR) or Shengzhen1 (GS) rootstocks increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b content and the leaf area in middle and late developmental stages of the plant compared to the ungrafted Zhongmi1 check (CK). Grafting enhanced the net photosynthesis rate, the stomatal conductance, concentration of intercellular CO(2) and transpiration rate. Grafting influenced carbohydrates contents by changing carbohydrate metabolic enzymes activities which was observed as an increase in acid invertase and neutral invertase activity in the functional leaves during the early and middle developmental stages compared to CK. Grafting improved sucrose phosphate synthase and stachyose synthase activities in middle and late developmental stages, thus translocation of sugars (such as sucrose, raffinose and stachyose) in GR and GS leaves were significantly enhanced. However, compared with CK, translocation of more sugars in grafted plants did not exert feedback inhibition on photosynthesis. Our results indicate that grafting muskmelon on inter-specific rootstocks enhances photosynthesis and translocation of sugars in muskmelon leaves.     

Down-regulation of c-Myc expression inhibits the invasion of bile duct carcinoma cells

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary hepatic tumour originating from biliary tract epithelial cells with poor prognosis. Enhanced c-Myc protein expression contributes to many aspects of tumour cell biology. Although the ability of c-Myc to drive unrestricted cell proliferation and to inhibit cell differentiation had been well recognized, whether down-regulated c-Myc expression can inhibit tumour cell invasion still remains to be explored. The c-Myc ASODN (antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide) and NSODN (nonsense oligodeoxyribonucleotide) were designed, synthesized and transfected into human QBC939 bile duct carcinoma cells using the Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. The protein expression of c-Myc was detected by Western blot. A transwell experiment was applied to evaluate the invasive capacity of the QBC939 cells. c-Myc ASODN could significantly suppress the c-Myc protein expression (P<0.05) and the invasion (P<0.01) of QBC939 cells transfected with c-Myc ASODN compared with that in the control and c-Myc NSODN-transfected group. Thus in the present study we show that down-regulation of c-Myc expression can inhibit the invasion of QBC939 cells in vitro.     

通络药物对心梗后心衰大鼠非梗死区心肌纤维化的影响

目的：探讨不同剂量芪苈强心胶囊对心衰模型大鼠非梗死区胶原蛋白分子表达的影响。方法：将通过结扎冠状动脉左前降支并饲养4周的56只心衰模型鼠随机分成4组：心衰对照组（MI-C）、转换酶抑制剂雷米普利治疗组（MI-R,10mg／kg．d）、芪苈强心小剂量组（MI—S,0．25g／kg．d）以及芪苈强心大剂量组（MI—L,1．0g／kg．d）。同步药物干预4周后,ELISA法检测Ang II水平、RT—PCR检测非梗死区胶原-ImRNA。结果：血清中AngII的浓度：与心力衰竭对照组比较,假手术组、雷米普利组、大剂量芪苈强心组和小剂量芪苈强心组均明显降低（P〈0．05）。其中,大剂量芪苈强心组比雷米普利组明显减低,差异具显著性（P〈0．05）;而小剂量芪苈强心组与雷米普利组水平接近,差异无显著性（P〈0．05）。非梗死区胶原-ImRNA的表达：与心衰对照组比较,假手术组、雷米普利组、大剂量芪苈强心组,小剂量芪苈强心组表达均下调,差别具显著性（P〈0．05）;大剂量芪苈强心组与雷米普利组接近,差别无显著性（P〉0．05）;小剂量芪苈强心组高于大剂量芪苈强心和雷米普利组,差别具有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：芪苈强心胶囊能够明显地减少心梗后心衰非梗死区胶原分子的合成,并具有明显的剂量依赖性。     

连续观察兔油酸ARDS模型稳定性及血L-1、IL-8近期变化

目的：探讨油酸（OA）构建兔急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）模型3天内的稳定性及血浆炎症因子IL-1、IL-8含量变化的意义。方法：健康新西兰大耳白兔30只随机分为5组,每组6只,实验组（n=24）耳缘静脉注射油酸（0.1mL/kg）建立ARDS模型,对照组（n=6）注射等量生理盐水。分别检测对照组6h和实验组6h、24h、48h、72h（n=6）动脉血PH值、PaO2、PaO2/FiO2、PaCO2、肺湿/干重比值（W/D）,ELISA法检测血浆细胞因子IL-1、IL-8含量,HE染色观察肺组织病理学改变。结果：和对照组比较,实验组血中细胞因子IL-1在6h、24h组升高;细胞因子IL-8在6h组、24h组、48h组升高。6h组、24h组、48h组氧合指数〈200mmHg。结论：兔油酸ARDS模型48h内稳定,炎性细胞和IL-1、IL-8可能是导致ARDS的发生和发展主要原因之一。     

灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统的开发与实现

本文从系统设计目标、功能设计、结构设计等几个方面论述了灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统的开发与实现。该系统由六大模块构成,实现了从预约管理、住院信息管理、床位管理、伤情评分、感染监测、查询统计到打印输出的灾害及突发时间住院伤病员信息全过程管理。应用本系统可规范灾害及突发事件医疗救援保障流程,大大提高了住院伤病员信息管理水平和工作效率。