南方红豆杉和东北红豆杉中的单体化合物对乳腺癌细胞增殖的影响

本研究采用MTT法,研究南方红豆杉和东北红豆杉中的10种不同结构类型的单体化合物对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的影响。结果表明,化合物1~10(10-9~10-5mol/L)处理MCF-7细胞48和72 h后,仅化合物4在10-7、10-6和10-5mol/L浓度对MCF-7细胞增殖均有明显抑制作用,抑制率分别为29.8%、46.4%、51.8%和43.6%、61.2%、63.2%,与紫杉醇抑制细胞增殖的活性相近,且在24~72 h范围内具有时间依赖性;化合物2仅在10-5mol/L具有明显抑制细胞增殖的作用,抑制率为44.4%和49.6%。因此,10种不同结构类型的单体化合物中,仅baccatin III类化合物2、4对MCF-7细胞增殖具有较强的抑制作用,其中化合物4作用最强,活性与紫杉醇相近。     

红树林植物木果楝细胞毒活性和化学成分研究

本研究采用MTT法对红树林植物木果楝(Xylocarpus grantum)正己烷提取物进行细胞毒活性筛选,结果显示对宫颈癌Hela细胞有较强的生长抑制活性。为了确定其中的活性成分,利用GC/MS法对正己烷提取物的化学成分进行分析,共鉴定了17种成分,大部分为有机酸类化合物。其中油酸(Oleic acid,24.89%)、棕榈酸(Palmitic acid,24.82%)和亚油酸(Linoleic acid,16.86%)为主要成分,据文献报道亚油酸具有肺腺癌细胞生长抑制活性。     

利用超数排卵方法高效获取小鼠休眠胚胎

目的为提高小鼠休眠胚胎的制备效率,尝试用超数排卵方法获取小鼠休眠胚胎。方法超排小鼠在注射孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)后,按照是否注射抗孕马血清(anti-PMSG serum或A-PMSG)以及注射的不同时间分为5组:在母鼠合笼前注射A-PMSG、在母鼠见栓后注射A-PMSG、在见栓第四天卵巢摘除手术后注射A-PMSG、不注射A-PMSG的超排组和不超排组。结果见栓后注射抗PMSG组的平均出胚数(9.4枚/只)最高,显著高于其他实验组。结论常规超排处理结合注射抗PMSG血清法能有效提高小鼠休眠胚胎的回收率。     

Comparative molecular characterization of ADSS1 and ADSS2 genes in pig (Sus scrofa)

Adenylosuccinate synthetase (ADSS) catalyzes the key step of AMP synthesis. Vertebrates have two isozymes of ADSS, which are named ADSS1 and ADSS2, respectively. In this study, we cloned porcine ADSS1 and ADSS2 genes and comparatively analyzed their sequence, chromosome mapping, mRNA distribution and subcellular localization. According to our results, the ADSS1 gene was predominantly expressed in the striated muscle tissues, while ADSS2 gene distributed widely in all the tissues detected. Additionally, ADSS1 gene was up-regulated significantly along with porcine muscle growth, and ADSS2 gene expression was more constant during the muscle development. Porcine ADSS1 gene was assigned to SSC7q and the linked marker was SSC12B09, ADSS2 gene was mapped on SSC10p and the linked marker was SW497, and porcine ADSS2 protein was subcellular localized in mitochondria. Moreover, we found that one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, T/C(70)) in the ninth intron of ADSS2 gene was significantly associated with average daily gain trait (ADG, P<0.05) and loin muscle area trait (P<0.05).     

Endothelial cell and macrophage regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell calcification modulated by cholestane-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol

The cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate vascular calcification remain poorly understood. In our previous study, oxysterol cholestane-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol (Triol) was shown to promote vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification. In this study, by using direct coculture, non-contact transwell coculture, and culture with conditioned media, we investigated the roles of endothelial cells (ECs) and macrophages in the regulation of VSMCs calcification in the absence or presence of Triol. In vitro calcification was induced by incubation of VSMCs with beta-glycerophosphate. The results showed that ECs inhibited VSMCs calcification, as manifested by the reduction of calcium deposition in extracellular matrix. This effect of ECs on calcification was via the secreted soluble factors. Furthermore, the stimulation of ECs by Triol had no influence on ECs inhibition of calcification. On the other hand, macrophages promoted VSMCs calcification via the secreted soluble factors such as reactive oxygen species, which was further enhanced by Triol. Our results supported the roles for ECs and macrophages in vascular calcification, modulated by oxysterols in atherosclerotic plaque.     

p27kip1 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B) controls ovarian development by suppressing follicle endowment and activation and promoting follicle atresia in mice

In humans, the molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian follicle endowment and activation, which are closely related to the control of female reproduction, occurrence of menopause, and related diseases such as premature ovarian failure, are poorly understood. In the current study, we provide several lines of genetic evidence that the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor 1B (commonly known as p27(kip1) or p27) controls ovarian development in mice by suppressing follicle endowment and activation, and by promoting follicle death. In p27-deficient (p27(-/-)) mice, postnatal follicle assembly was accelerated, and the number of endowed follicles was doubled as compared with p27(+/+) mice. Moreover, in p27(-/-) ovaries the primordial follicle pool was prematurely activated once it was endowed, and at the same time the massive follicular death that occurs before sexual maturity was rescued by loss of p27. In early adulthood, however, the overactivated follicular pool in p27(-/-) ovaries was largely depleted, causing premature ovarian failure. Furthermore, we have extensively studied the molecular mechanisms underlying the above-mentioned phenotypes seen in p27(-/-) ovaries and have found that p27 controls follicular development by several distinct mechanisms at different stages of development of the ovary. For example, p27 controls oocyte growth by suppressing the functions of Cdk2/Cdc2-cyclin A/E1 in oocytes that are arrested at the diplotene stage of meiosis I. This function of p27 is distinct from its well-known role as a suppressor of cell cycle progression. In addition, we have found that p27 activates the caspase-9-caspase-3-caspase-7-poly (ADP-ribose) polymeraseapoptotic cascade by inhibiting Cdk2/Cdc2-cyclin A/B1 kinase activities in follicles, thereby inducing follicle atresia. Our results suggest that the p27 gene is important in determining mammalian ovarian development. This study therefore provides insight into ovary-borne genetic aberrations that cause defects in folliculogenesis and infertility in humans.     

Oriented cell division: new roles in guiding skin wound repair and regeneration

Tissue morphogenesis depends on precise regulation and timely co-ordination of cell division and also on the control of the direction of cell division. Establishment of polarity division axis, correct alignment of the mitotic spindle, segregation of fate determinants equally or unequally between daughter cells, are essential for the realization of oriented cell division. Furthermore, oriented cell division is regulated by intrinsic cues, extrinsic cues and other cues, such as cell geometry and polarity. However, dysregulation of cell division orientation could lead to abnormal tissue development and function. In the present study, we review recent studies on the molecular mechanism of cell division orientation and explain their new roles in skin repair and regeneration.     

(革)家人的体质特征

本文分析了在贵州黄平县调查的311例(男性为159例,女性为152例)(革)家人的体质数据,与我国族群资料进行了比较,结果表明:1)(革)家人上眼睑有皱褶率较高,有蒙古褶率低,眼裂狭窄率与中等型率较高,且多呈眼外角高,鼻根高度中等,直鼻背,男性颧骨体不突出,女性颧骨体较突出,鼻基部多上翘,鼻翼高度中等,鼻孔最大径男性多为倾斜,女性水平率最高,鼻翼宽男性中等型率和宽阔型率较高,女性多为中等型,耳垂圆形率最高,上唇皮肤部高度男性以中等型率最高,女性以低型率最高,红唇厚度中唇率最高;发黑,眼褐、肤黄.2)(革)家人男性头长、形态面高值小;头宽、面宽、鼻高、唇高、眼内角间宽值接近于南亚类型族群,口裂宽值接近于北亚类型族群,额最小宽、鼻宽值介于北亚、南亚类型族群之间,女性形态面高、鼻高值小,头长、头宽、额最小宽、面宽、鼻宽、唇高值接近于南亚类型族群,口裂宽、眼内角间宽值接近于北亚类型族群.3)(革)家人男性与女性身高均属于矮身材.(革)家人男性为圆头型、高头型、狭头型、阔面型、中鼻型,女性为中头型、高头型、中头型、中面型、中鼻型.(革)家人男女性均为中躯干型、宽肩型、宽骨盆型.男性还为中胸型、亚长腿型,女性还为宽胸型、中腿型.4)(革)家人属于蒙古人种南亚类型族群,与周围苗族体质特征存在较大差异.     

Three-step electrodeposition synthesis of self-doped polyaniline nanofiber-supported flower-like Au microspheres for high-performance biosensing of DNA hybridization recognition

A three-step electrodeposition method has been successfully adopted to fabricate morphology-controlled novel Au microspheres on self-doped polyaniline nanofibers (nanoSPAN) modified glassy carbon electrode. The deposition conditions, such as HAuCl(4) concentration and deposition step, have significant influences on the morphologies and electrochemical properties of the resulted Au microspheres. Well hierarchical and homogeneously dispersed flower-like Au microspheres (HHFAu) were obtained under optimal conditions by the three-step electrodeposition strategy in 5.0mM HAuCl(4) solution. HHFAu possess large surface area, excellent electron transfer ability and good biocompatibility. The DNA probe could be effectively attached to HHFAu and thus a high-performance DNA biosensor was constructed by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as detection method. A gene fragment of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S gene, which is related to one of the screening genes for the transgenically modified plants, has been satisfactorily detected. The linear range was from 1.0 × 10(-13)M to 1.0 × 10(-6)M and the detection limit was 1.9 × 10(-14)M. This HHFAu/nanoSPAN-based impedance biosensing platform holds great promise for the detection of other biological and chemical molecules.