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41.
Miyuki Kusajima Moeka Fujita Hiromoto Yamakawa Tsukasa Ushiwatari Takamasa Mori Kazuki Tsukamoto 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2020,84(7):1427-1435
ABSTRACT A newly identified chemical, 4-{3-[(3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]propyl}-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-one (BAPP) was characterized as a plant immunity activator. BAPP enhanced disease resistance in rice against rice blast disease and expression of a defense-related gene without growth inhibition. Moreover, BAPP was able to enhance disease resistance in dicotyledonous tomato and Arabidopsis plants against bacterial pathogen without growth inhibition, suggesting that BAPP could be a candidate as an effective plant activator. Analysis using Arabidopsis sid2-1 and npr1-2 mutants suggested that BAPP induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR) by stimulating between salicylic acid biosynthesis and NPR1, the SA receptor protein, in the SAR signaling pathway. 相似文献
42.
Fujishiro Miyuki Yahagi Shoichi Takemi Shota Nakahara Mio Sakai Takafumi Sakata Ichiro 《Molecular biology reports》2021,48(7):5513-5518
Molecular Biology Reports - Pyridoxine (PN), one of the vitamers of vitamin B6, plays an important role in the maintenance of epidermal function and is used to treat acne and rough skin. Clinical... 相似文献
43.
Chuya Shinzato Konstantin Khalturin Jun Inoue Yuna Zayasu Miyuki Kanda Mayumi Kawamitsu Yuki Yoshioka Hiroshi Yamashita Go Suzuki Noriyuki Satoh 《Molecular biology and evolution》2021,38(1):16
The genus Acropora comprises the most diverse and abundant scleractinian corals (Anthozoa, Cnidaria) in coral reefs, the most diverse marine ecosystems on Earth. However, the genetic basis for the success and wide distribution of Acropora are unknown. Here, we sequenced complete genomes of 15 Acropora species and 3 other acroporid taxa belonging to the genera Montipora and Astreopora to examine genomic novelties that explain their evolutionary success. We successfully obtained reasonable draft genomes of all 18 species. Molecular dating indicates that the Acropora ancestor survived warm periods without sea ice from the mid or late Cretaceous to the Early Eocene and that diversification of Acropora may have been enhanced by subsequent cooling periods. In general, the scleractinian gene repertoire is highly conserved; however, coral- or cnidarian-specific possible stress response genes are tandemly duplicated in Acropora. Enzymes that cleave dimethlysulfonioproprionate into dimethyl sulfide, which promotes cloud formation and combats greenhouse gasses, are the most duplicated genes in the Acropora ancestor. These may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer from algal symbionts belonging to the family Symbiodiniaceae, or from coccolithophores, suggesting that although functions of this enzyme in Acropora are unclear, Acropora may have survived warmer marine environments in the past by enhancing cloud formation. In addition, possible antimicrobial peptides and symbiosis-related genes are under positive selection in Acropora, perhaps enabling adaptation to diverse environments. Our results suggest unique Acropora adaptations to ancient, warm marine environments and provide insights into its capacity to adjust to rising seawater temperatures. 相似文献
44.
Keitaro Teranishi Miyuki Mekuchi Toyoji Kaneko 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2013,164(2):333-343
Reabsorption of monovalent ions in the kidney is essential for adaptation to freshwater and seawater in teleosts. To assess a possible role of Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) in renal osmoregulation, we first identified a partial sequence of cDNA encoding NHE3 from the Japanese eel kidney. For comparison, we also identified cDNAs encoding kidney specific Na+–K+–2Cl? cotransporter 2 (NKCC2α) and Na+–Cl? cotransporter (NCCα). In eels acclimated to a wide range of salinities from deionized freshwater to full-strength seawater, the expression of NHE3 in the kidney was the highest in eel acclimated to full-strength seawater. Meanwhile, the NCCα expression exhibited a tendency to increase as the environmental salinity decreased, whereas the NKCC2α expression was not significantly different among the experimental groups. Immunohistochemical studies showed that NHE3 was localized to the apical membrane of epithelial cells composing the second segments of the proximal renal tubule in seawater-acclimated eel. Meanwhile, the apical membranes of epithelial cells in the distal renal tubule and collecting duct showed more intense immunoreactions of NKCC2α and NCCα, respectively, in freshwater eel than in seawater eel. These findings suggest that renal monovalent-ion reabsorption is mainly mediated by NKCC2α and NCCα in freshwater eel and by NHE3 in seawater eel. 相似文献
45.
Yoshitaka Sunami Marito Araki Yumi Hironaka Soji Morishita Masaki Kobayashi Ei Leen Liew Yoko Edahiro Miyuki Tsutsui Akimichi Ohsaka Norio Komatsu 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
Sirtuins, NAD-dependent protein deacetylases, play important roles in cellular functions such as metabolism and differentiation. Whether sirtuins function in tumorigenesis is still controversial, but sirtuins are aberrantly expressed in tumors, which may keep cancerous cells undifferentiated. Therefore, we investigated whether the inhibition of sirtuin family proteins induces cellular differentiation in leukemic cells. The sirtuin inhibitors tenovin-6 and BML-266 induce granulocytic differentiation in the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line NB4. This differentiation is likely caused by an inhibition of SIRT2 deacetylase activity, judging from the accumulation of acetylated α-tubulin, a major SIRT2 substrate. Unlike the clinically used differentiation inducer all-trans retinoic acid, tenovin-6 shows limited effects on promyelocytic leukemia–retinoic acid receptor α (PML-RAR-α) stability and promyelocytic leukemia nuclear body formation in NB4 cells, suggesting that tenovin-6 does not directly target PML-RAR-α activity. In agreement with this, tenovin-6 induces cellular differentiation in the non-APL cell line HL-60, where PML-RAR-α does not exist. Knocking down SIRT2 by shRNA induces granulocytic differentiation in NB4 cells, which demonstrates that the inhibition of SIRT2 activity is sufficient to induce cell differentiation in NB4 cells. The overexpression of SIRT2 in NB4 cells decreases the level of granulocytic differentiation induced by tenovin-6, which indicates that tenovin-6 induces granulocytic differentiation by inhibiting SIRT2 activity. Taken together, our data suggest that targeting SIRT2 is a viable strategy to induce leukemic cell differentiation. 相似文献
46.
Naoyuki Okita Miyuki Yoshimura Kazuhito Watanabe Shota Minato Yuki Kudo Yoshikazu Higami Sei-ichi Tanuma 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2013
Background
CHK1 is an important effector kinase that regulates the cell cycle checkpoint. Previously, we showed that CHK1 is cleaved in a caspase (CASP)-dependent manner during DNA damage-induced programmed cell death (PCD) and have examined its physiological roles.Methods and results
In this study, we investigated the behavior of CHK1 in PCD. Firstly, we found that CHK1 is cleaved at three sites in PCD, and all cleavages were inhibited by the co-treatment of a pan-CASP inhibitor or serine protease inhibitors. We also showed that CHK1 is cleaved by CASP3 and/or CASP7 recognizing at 296SNLD299 and 348TCPD351, and that the cleavage results in the enhancement of CHK1 kinase activity. Furthermore, as a result of the characterization of cleavage sites by site-directed mutagenesis and an analysis performed using deletion mutants, we identified 320EPRT323 as an additional cleavage recognition sequence. Considering the consensus sequence cleaved by CASP, it is likely that CHK1 is cleaved by non-CASP family protease(s) recognizing at 320EPRT323. Additionally, the cleavage catalyzed by the 320EPRT323 protease(s) markedly and specifically increased when U2OS cells synchronized into G1 phase were induced to PCD by cisplatin treatment.Conclusion
CHK1 cleavage is directly and indirectly regulated by CASP and non-CASP family proteases including serine protease(s) and the “320EPRT323 protease(s).” Furthermore, 320EPRT323 cleavage of CHK1 occurs efficiently in PCD which is induced at the G1 phase by DNA damage.General significance
CASP and non-CASP family proteases intricately regulate cleavage for up-regulation of CHK1 kinase activity during PCD. 相似文献47.
Yui Shimizu Kazue Ohishi Rintaro Suzuki Yuko Tajima Tadasu Yamada Yuka Kakizoe Takeharu Bando Yoshihiro Fujise Hajime Taru Tsukasa Murayama Tadashi Maruyama 《Microbiology and immunology》2013,57(9):624-632
Morbillivirus infection is a severe threat to marine mammals. Mass die‐offs caused by this infection have repeatedly occurred in bottlenose dolphins (Turiops truncatus) and striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), both of which belong to the family Delphinidae, but not in other cetaceans. However, it is unknown whether sensitivity to the virus varies among cetacean species. The signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) is a receptor on host cells that allows morbillivirus invasion and propagation. Its immunoguloblin variable domain‐like (V) region provides an interface for the virus hemagglutinin (H) protein. In this study, variations in the amino acid residues of the V region of 26 cetacean species, covering almost all cetacean genera, were examined. Three‐dimensional (3D) models of them were generated in a homology model using the crystal structure of the marmoset SLAM and measles virus H protein complex as a template. The 3D models showed 32 amino acid residues on the interface that possibly bind the morbillivirus. Among the cetacean species studied, variations were found at six of the residues. Bottlenose and striped dolphins have substitutions at five positions (E68G, I74V, R90H, V126I, and Q130H) compared with those of baleen whales. Three residues (at positions 68, 90 and 130) were found to alternate electric charges, possibly causing changes in affinity for the virus. This study shows a new approach based on receptor structure for assessing potential vulnerability to viral infection. This method may be useful for assessing the risk of morbillivirus infection in wildlife. 相似文献
48.
Darren J. Whitehouse Darren J. Whitehouse Miyuki Morioka 《Somatosensory & motor research》2013,30(1-2):73-81
Vibrotactile thresholds depend on the characteristics of the vibration, the location of contact with the skin, and the geometry of the contact with the skin. This experimental study investigated vibrotactile thresholds (from 8 to 250?Hz) at five locations on the distal phalanx of the finger with two contactors: (i) a 1-mm diameter circular probe (0.78-mm2 area) with a 1-mm gap to a fixed circular surround (i.e., 7.1-mm2 excitation area), and (ii) a 6-mm diameter circular probe (28-mm2 area) with a 2-mm gap to a fixed circular surround (i.e., 79-mm2 excitation area). With both contactors, especially the smaller contactor at low frequencies (i.e., 8, 16, and 31.5?Hz), thresholds decreased towards the tip of the finger, although there was little variation around the whorl. With low frequencies of vibration, and at all five locations on the finger, similar thresholds were obtained with both contactors, consistent with the NPI channel not changing in sensitivity with a change in the area of stimulation. At high frequencies (i.e., 63, 125, and 250?Hz), thresholds were lower with the larger area of stimulation at all locations, except at the extreme tip of the finger, consistent with spatial summation in the Pacinian channel. It is concluded that with a 6-mm diameter contactor, moderate variations in location around the whorl have little influence on the measured thresholds. With the 1-mm diameter contactor there were greater variations in thresholds and extreme locations, near the nail and the distal interphalangeal joint, may be unsuitable for investigating sensorineural disorders. 相似文献
49.
This study was designed to identify psychophysical channels responsible for the detection of hand-transmitted vibration. Perception thresholds for vibration (16, 31.5, 63 and 125?Hz sinusoidal for 600?ms) at the distal phalanx of the middle finger and the whole hand were determined with and without simultaneous masking stimuli (1/3 octave bandwidth Gaussian random vibration centered on either 16?Hz or 125?Hz for 3000?ms, varying in magnitude 0 to 30?dB above threshold). At all frequencies from 16 to 125?Hz, absolute thresholds for the hand were significantly lower than those for the finger. Changes in threshold as a function of masker level were used to estimate the thresholds of three psychophysical channels (i.e. P, NP I, and NP II channels). Increased vibrotactile sensitivity of the hand compared to the finger seems to be not entirely due to increased spatial summation via the Pacinian system (P channel); non-Pacinian system (NP I and NP II channels) also contributed to perception. Differing transmission of vibration between the hand and the finger may have also influenced the thresholds. 相似文献
50.
Masamitsu Konno Atsushi Hamabe Shinichiro Hasegawa Hisataka Ogawa Takahito Fukusumi Shimpei Nishikawa Katsuya Ohta Yoshihiro Kano Miyuki Ozaki Yuko Noguchi Daisuke Sakai Toshihiro Kudoh Koichi Kawamoto Hidetoshi Eguchi Taroh Satoh Masahiro Tanemura Hiroaki Nagano Yuichiro Doki Masaki Mori Hideshi Ishii 《Development, growth & differentiation》2013,55(3):309-318
Adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types, including osteocytes, adipocytes, neural cells, vascular endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, pancreatic β‐cells, and hepatocytes. Compared with the extraction of other stem cells such as bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), that of ADSCs requires minimally invasive techniques. In the field of regenerative medicine, the use of autologous cells is preferable to embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells. Therefore, ADSCs are a useful resource for drug screening and regenerative medicine. Here we present the methods and mechanisms underlying the induction of multilineage cells from ADSCs. 相似文献