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991.
Daoyong Zhang Xiangliang Pan Guijin Mu Jianlong Wang 《Journal of applied phycology》2010,22(4):479-488
It has been demonstrated that antimony (Sb) at concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 10.0 mg L−1 inhibits O2 evolution. Deeper insight into the influence of Sb on PSII was obtained with measurements of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence.
The donor and the acceptor sides of PSII were shown to be the target of Sb. Sb treatment induces inhibition of electron transport
from QA− to QB/QB− and accumulation of P680+. S2(QAQB)− charge recombination and oxidation by PQ9 molecules became more important in QA− reoxidation as the electron transfer in PSII was inhibited. Sb exposure caused a steady increase in the proportion of PSIIX and PSIIβ. These changes resulted in increased fluxes of dissipated energy and decreased index of photosynthesis performance, of maximum
quantum yield, and of the overall photosynthetic driving force of PSII. 相似文献
992.
核桃属部分种的小孢子发生及核型研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
穆英林;郗荣庭;吕增仁 《武汉植物学研究》1990,8(4):301-310
本试验采用常规压片法,观察了核桃属(Juglans L.)四个种花粉母细胞(PMC)的减数分裂过程和花粉形态,检测了两个种的花粉生活力,分析研究了七个种的核型。结果表明,普通核桃(J.regia)核桃楸(J.mandskurica Maxim.)和黑核桃(J.nigra L.)的PMC减数分裂基本正常,但河北核桃PMC的减数分裂过程都极不正常,供试的七个种,除普通核桃为2C核型外,其余均为2B核型,仅黑核桃一种带有随体染色体。根据核型特点把七个种分成三组,并探讨了组间与组内种间的亲缘演化关系。作者认为,河北核桃应为一种独立的种,核桃科在系统发育上可能来源于染色体基数为8的两群)不同植物。 相似文献
993.
The type of competition modulates the ecophysiological response of grassland species to elevated CO2 and drought
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J. Miranda‐Apodaca U. Pérez‐López M. Lacuesta A. Mena‐Petite A. Muñoz‐Rueda 《Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany)》2015,17(2):298-310
The effects of elevated CO2 and drought on ecophysiological parameters in grassland species have been examined, but few studies have investigated the effect of competition on those parameters under climate change conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of elevated CO2 and drought on the response of plant water relations, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and aboveground biomass in four grassland species, as well as to assess whether the type of competition modulates that response. Elevated CO2 in well‐watered conditions increased aboveground biomass by augmenting CO2 assimilation. Drought reduced biomass by reducing CO2 assimilation rate via stomatal limitation and, when drought was more severe, also non‐stomatal limitation. When plants were grown under the combined conditions of elevated CO2 and drought, drought limitation observed under ambient CO2 was reduced, permitting higher CO2 assimilation and consequently reducing the observed decrease in aboveground biomass. The response to climate change was species‐specific and dependent on the type of competition. Thus, the response to elevated CO2 in well‐watered grasses was higher in monoculture than in mixture, while it was higher in mixture compared to monoculture for forbs. On the other hand, forbs were more affected than grasses by drought in monoculture, while in mixture the negative effect of drought was higher in grasses than in forbs, due to a lower capacity to acquire water and mineral nutrients. These differences in species‐level growth responses to CO2 and drought may lead to changes in the composition and biodiversity of the grassland plant community in future climate conditions. 相似文献
994.
Brachiaria, predominantly an African genus, contains species, such as B. brizantha, an apomictic C4 grass, that are commercially important forage grasses in tropical America, where they now cover about 55 million hectares. From B. brizantha accession CIAT 6780, we isolated an endophytic fungus that may be economically significant. The fungus was identified as Acremonium implicatum (J. Gilman & E.V. Abott). 18S rDNA and ITS rDNA sequences were used to characterize isolates of the endophyte, and showed that they belonged to the Acremonium genus, being close to A. strictum and A. kiliense. Using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique, involving arbitrary primers of 10 bases, we showed that the isolates were highly similar to each other. Antiserum produced from a monoconidial culture of A. implicatum isolated from B. brizantha 6780, differentiated the isolates consistently in line with the DNA data. When we compared endophyte-free with endophyte-infected B. brizantha CIAT 6780 plants, both artificially inoculated with the pathogenic Drechslera fungus, we found that the endophyte-infected plants had fewer and smaller lesions than did the endophyte-free plants. Sporulation of Drechslera sp. on artificially inoculated leaf sheath tissues was also much less on tissue infected with the endophyte. 相似文献
995.
996.
Steel slag amendment reduces methane emission and increases rice productivity in subtropical paddy fields in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Weiqi Wang Derrick Y. F. Lai Shouchun Li Pil Joo Kim Congsheng Zeng Pengfei Li Yongchao Liang 《Wetlands Ecology and Management》2014,22(6):683-691
Paddy field, being a man-made wetland, is recognized as one of the major sources of global methane (CH4) emission. Since China has the second-largest area of rice cultivation in the world, it is important to develop valid and reliable strategies to reduce CH4 emission and sustain rice productivity in Chinese paddy fields. In this study, we applied steel slag fertilizer, a by-product of steel industry with a high concentration of active iron (Fe), at rates of 0, 2, 4, and 8 Mg ha?1 in subtropical rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddy fields in China to assess the effect of steel slag amendment on CH4 emissions as well as rice growth and yield characteristics. Results showed that the Fe concentrations in paddy soils significantly increased with the application levels of steel slag fertilizer. Steel slag amendment in paddy fields largely reduced the CH4 production rate, resulting in a decrease in the overall CH4 emission rate. In response to the applications of steel slag at a rate of 2, 4 and 8 Mg ha?1, total CH4 emission during rice cultivation decreased by 26.6, 43.3 and 49.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, steel slag amendment had a significant, positive effect on the rice grain yield and the percentage of ripened grain, most probably due to the increased availability of inorganic nutrients such as silicate and manganese. Our results suggest that steel slag can be an effective soil amendment for reducing CH4 emissions as well as increasing rice productivity in subtropical paddy fields in China. 相似文献
997.
营养物质对桑黄菌丝生物量及胞外多糖产量的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了不同碳源、氮源和无机盐对桑黄深层培养菌丝生物量和胞外多糖产量的影响,结果表明:在培养温度为26℃、摇床转速为160r/min、发酵时间为10d的条件下,以桑黄菌丝生物量为指标,最适碳源、氮源和无机盐分别是果糖或葡萄糖、酵母粉或酵母膏、KH2P04或MgSO4·7H2O;菌丝生物量分别达到1.51、1.31、1.69、1.52、1.52、1.36g/100mL;以胞外多糖为指标,最适碳源、氮源和无机盐分别是葡萄糖、酵母膏、ZnSO4·7H2O,胞外多糖产量分别达到0.49、0.45、0.22g/100mL。 相似文献
998.
以菠萝22个栽培品种的叶片为实验材料,测定其5种色泽参数(L*、a*、b*、c*和h*值)、5种色素(叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花青苷、类黄酮和总酚)含量及3种抗氧化活性指标(ABTS、DPPH自由基和亚硝酸盐的清除能力),并进行相关性分析。研究结果显示,色泽参数a*和h*值可以作为菠萝叶片指示色泽、主要色素含量和抗氧化活性变化的重要指标;菠萝叶片主要色素组成是叶绿素、类黄酮和总酚,且含有少量的花青苷,几乎不含类胡萝卜素。相关性分析结果显示,菠萝叶片类黄酮和总酚含量均与3种抗氧化活性指标极显著正相关,而叶绿素含量与其它指标相关性未达到显著水平,类黄酮和总酚是菠萝叶片抗氧化活性的主要功效成分。 相似文献
999.
Synthetic peptides derived from SARS coronavirus S protein with diagnostic and therapeutic potential 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lu W Wu XD Shi MD Yang RF He YY Bian C Shi TL Yang S Zhu XL Jiang WH Li YX Yan LC Ji YY Lin Y Lin GM Tian L Wang J Wang HX Xie YH Pei G Wu JR Sun B 《FEBS letters》2005,579(10):2130-2136
The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is an important viral structural protein. Based on bioinformatics analysis, 10 antigenic peptides derived from the S protein sequence were selected and synthesized. The antigenicity and immunoreactivity of all the peptides were tested in vivo and in vitro. Four peptides (P6, P8, P9 and P10) which contain B cell epitopes of the S protein were identified, and P8 peptide was confirmed in vivo to have a potential in serological diagnosis. By using a syncytia formation model, we tested the neutralization ability of all 10 peptides and their corresponding antibodies. It is interesting to find that P8 and P9 peptides inhibited syncytia formation, suggesting that the P8 and P9 spanning regions may provide a good target for anti-SARS-CoV drug design. Our data suggest that we have identified peptides derived from the S protein of SARS-CoV, which are useful for SARS treatment and diagnosis. 相似文献
1000.
鲤春病毒糖蛋白(G)基因的分离及同源性比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过RT-PCR和巢氏PCR方法从疑似鲤春病毒(SVCV)侵染的镜鲤肝组织中获得了鲤春病毒糖蛋白(G)基因。通过序列测定与分析,所获得的鲤春病毒糖蛋白(G)基因由606个核苷酸组成,编码一个由202个氨基酸组成的糖蛋白。通过NCBIblast与9个来自不同国家或地区的鲤春病毒糖蛋白(G)基因序列比对分析,发现获得的鲤鱼春季病毒糖蛋白G基因DNA序列与美国分离的AY527273株同源性最高为99.8%,与中国分离的AY842485株同源性次高为98.7%,与英国分离的两个序列SVI538065和SVI538066株的同源性为98.2%,而与其它国家的分离株如SVU18101、SVI318079、SVI538061、SVI538062、SVI538063的同源性最差,仅为89.4%~90.0%。氨基酸同源性分析结果与DNA同源性分析结果一致,所获得的鲤春病毒糖蛋白G基因氨基酸推导序列与其它9个分离株的氨基酸同源性在89.6%~99.5%之间。对SVCV不同分离株遗传变异和进化关系的分析为下一步开展SVCV快速诊断方法的研究和疫苗的研制奠定了基础。 相似文献