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51.
Nobutoshi Murakami Motoyuki Kawanishi Sawako Itagaki Toshihiro Horii Motomasa Kobayashi 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2002,12(1):69-72
In an explorative study for new anti-malarial substances using the methyl esters (1 and 2) of peroxyplakoric acids A(3) and B(3) as scaffolds, 6-carbomethoxymethyl-3-methoxy-3-pentyl-1,2-dioxane, which has been readily synthesized from 6-keto-alpha,beta-unsaturated ester, was found to exhibit potent anti-malarial activity with high selective toxicity. 相似文献
52.
Hisataka Shikama Motoyuki Yajima Michio Ui 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1980,631(2):278-288
Hepatic glycogen metabolism was studied in rats during the period of transition from the fed to fasted states. Glycogenic activity was measured in vivo based on the incorporation of [14C]glucose into liver glycogen. Its changes were almost parallel to the changes in glucogen synthase activity. Progressive accumulation of liver glycogen that occurred in the fed state was associated with a proportional increase in glycogenic activity. Within 4 h after the cessation of food intake, glycogenic activity showd a precipitous fall from the peak to its nadir without significant changes in glycogen content. Meanwhile, the glucose concentration in the portal vein decreased. Upon further development of fasting, glycogenic activity displayed a progressive regain, reciprocally as glycogen contents gradually decreased. The precipitous fall of glycogenic activity during the transition from the fed to fasted states was associated with a transient increase in plasma glucagon, and was partly overcome by the injection of anti-glucagon serum. It is concluded that the fall of portal venous concentration of glucose and secretion of glucagon act as a signal to initiate liver glycogen metabolism characteristics of the fasted or postabsorptive state. 相似文献
53.
Motoyuki Iida Toshihiko Takano Takakazu Matsuura Izumi C. Mori Shingo Takagi 《Journal of plant research》2018,131(1):165-178
Circumnutation is a plant growth movement in which the tips of axial organs draw a circular orbit. Although it has been studied since the nineteenth century, its mechanism and significance are still unclear. Greened adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) epicotyls exhibited a clockwise circumnutation in the top view with a constant period of 60 min under continuous white light. The bending zone of circumnutation on the epicotyls was always located in the region 1–3 cm below the tip, and its basal end was almost identical to the apical end of the region where the epicotyl had completely elongated. Therefore, epidermal cells that construct the bending zone are constantly turning over with their elongation growth. Since exogenously applied auxin transport inhibitors and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) impaired circumnutation without any effect on the elongation rate of epicotyls, we attempted to identify the distribution pattern of endogenous auxin. Taking advantage of its large size, we separated the bending zone of epicotyls into two halves along the longitudinal axis, either convex/concave pairs in the plane of curvature of circumnutation or pre-convex/pre-concave pairs perpendicular to the plane. By liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, we found, for the first time, that IAA and gibberellin A1 were asymmetrically distributed in the pre-convex part in the region 1–2 cm below the tip. This region of epicotyl sections exhibited the highest responsiveness to exogenously applied hormones, and the latent period between the hormone application and the detection of a significant enhancement in elongation was 15 min. Our results suggest that circumnutation in adzuki bean epicotyls with a 60 min period is maintained by differential growth in the bending zone, which reflects the hormonal status 15 min before and which is shifting sequentially in a circumferential direction. Cortical microtubules do not seem to be involved in this regulation. 相似文献
54.
Atsushi Hayakawa Kazuo Kuwata Seiichi Era Masaru Sogami Hiroyuki Shimonaka Michio Yamamoto Shuji Dohi Hajime Hirose 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1997,698(1-2)
Human serum albumin is a mixture of mercapt- (HMA, reduced form) and nonmercaptalbumin (HNA, oxidized form). We studied the mercapt↔nonmercapt conversion of human serum albumin, which reflects the redox state of the extracellular fluids, in cardiac and other common surgical patients using high-performance liquid chromatography. Mean values of [(HMA)/(HMA + HNA)] ± standard deviation [fHMA ± σ], for patients who received common surgery (group 1) and cardiac surgery (group 2) at the start of anesthesia were0.636±0.50(n=83) and 0.615±0.062(n=14), respectively. fHMA values were markedly lower than those for healthy male adults of 0.750±0.028(n=28). fHMA values increased at 24 h after the start of anesthesia and decreased on the 4th postoperative day in most of the patients. These postoperative changes were prominent in surgical cardiac patients. Although fHMA values after the 7th postoperative day recovered to those at the start of anesthesia in almost all of common surgical patients, those in cardiac surgical patients, never recovered even on the 21st postoperative day. 相似文献
55.
T. Ishimizu K. Inoue M. Shimonaka T. Saito O. Terai S. Norioka 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(6-7):961-967
Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai), a member of the Rosaceae, shows gametophytic self-incompatibility that is controlled by the S-locus. The S-genotype of Japanese pear cultivars is an important factor for crossing and breeding. We report a rapid reliable method to
identify these S-genotypes. It consists of PCR amplification of the S-RNase gene from genomic DNA and subsequent digestion of the PCR fragments
with S-allele-specific restriction endonucleases. Using this method, we determined the unknown S-genotypes of nine Japanese pear cultivars and selected self-compatible varieties from the offspring of the self-compatible
cultivar, ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’.
Received: 8 June 1998 / Accepted: 19 October 1998 相似文献
56.
Chen Xia Keiichi Higuchi Motoyuki Shimizu Takatoshi Matsushita Kumiko Kogishi Jing Wang Takuya Chiba Michael F.W. Festing Masanori Hosokawa 《Mammalian genome》1999,10(3):235-238
The Senescence-Accelerated Mouse (SAM) strains constitute a murine model of accelerated senescence originating from the ancestral
AKR/J strains and consist of nine senescence-prone (SAMP) strains and four senescence-resistant (SAMR) strains. The chromosomes
(Chrs) of the SAM strains were typed with 581 microsatellite markers amplified by PCR, and the fundamental genetic information
of the SAM strains was obtained. One-third of the examined markers displayed polymorphism among the strains, and only two
alleles were detected in almost all loci among the SAM and AKR/J strains. However, in 12 loci (5.6% of total 215 polymorphic
markers), the third allele was detected among the SAM strains. The genetic typing and developmental history suggested that
the SAM strains were related inbred strains developed by the accidental crossing between the AKR/J strain and other unknown
strain(s). Comparison of the distribution of the loci in the SAMP and the SAMR series revealed notable differences in the
four regions on Chrs 4, 14, 16, and 17. This indicated that some of these chromosomal sites might contain the genes responsible
for accelerated senescence in the SAMP series.
Received: 17 July 1998 / Accepted: 17 November 1998 相似文献
57.
Activation Process of Dipteran-Specific Insecticidal Protein Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis
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Masashi Yamagiwa Motoyuki Esaki Kanao Otake Manabu Inagaki Tohru Komano Teruo Amachi Hiroshi Sakai 《Applied microbiology》1999,65(8):3464-3469
Dipteran-specific insecticidal protein Cry4A is produced as a protoxin of 130 kDa in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. Here we performed the in vitro processing of Cry4A and showed that the 130-kDa protoxin of Cry4A was processed into the two protease-resistant fragments of 20 and 45 kDa through the intramolecular cleavage of a 60-kDa intermediate. The processing into these two fragments was also observed in vivo. To investigate functional properties of the two fragments, GST (glutathione S-transferase) fusion proteins of the 60-kDa intermediate and the 20- and 45-kDa fragments were constructed. Neither the GST–20-kDa fusion protein (GST-20) nor the GST–45-kDa fusion protein (GST-45) was actively toxic against mosquito larvae of Culex pipiens, whereas the GST–60-kDa intermediate fusion protein (GST-60) exhibited significant toxicity. However, when the two fusion proteins GST-20 and GST-45 coexisted, significant toxicity was observed. The coprecipitation experiment demonstrated that the two fragments associated with each other. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that the two fragments formed an active complex of apparently 60 kDa. A mutant of the 60-kDa protein which was apparently resistant to the intramolecular cleavage with the midgut extract of C. pipiens larvae had toxicity slightly lower than that of GST-60. 相似文献
58.
Shotaro Hirase Yo Y Yamasaki Masashi Sekino Masato Nishisako Minoru Ikeda Motoyuki Hara Juha Meril Kiyoshi Kikuchi 《Molecular biology and evolution》2021,38(11):4683
How early stages of speciation in free-spawning marine invertebrates proceed is poorly understood. The Western Pacific abalones, Haliotis discus, H. madaka, and H. gigantea, occur in sympatry with shared breeding season and are capable of producing viable F1 hybrids in spite of being ecologically differentiated. Population genomic analyses revealed that although the three species are genetically distinct, there is evidence for historical and ongoing gene flow among these species. Evidence from demographic modeling suggests that reproductive isolation among the three species started to build in allopatry and has proceeded with gene flow, possibly driven by ecological selection. We identified 27 differentiation islands between the closely related H. discus and H. madaka characterized by high FST and dA, but not high dXY values, as well as high genetic diversity in one H. madaka population. These genomic signatures suggest differentiation driven by recent ecological divergent selection in presence of gene flow outside of the genomic islands of differentiation. The differentiation islands showed low polymorphism in H. gigantea, and both high FST, dXY, and dA values between H. discus and H. gigantea, as well as between H. madaka and H. gigantea. Collectively, the Western Pacific abalones appear to occupy the early stages speciation continuum, and the differentiation islands associated with ecological divergence among the abalones do not appear to have acted as barrier loci to gene flow in the younger divergences but appear to do so in older divergences. 相似文献
59.
Sakai Kiyota Mochizuki Mai Yamada Miyuki Shinzawa Yuta Minezawa Miho Kimoto Saran Murata Shunsuke Kaneko Yuhei Ishihara Saaya Jindou Sadanari Kobayashi Tetsuo Kato Masashi Shimizu Motoyuki 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2017,101(8):3237-3245
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - A β-1,4-mannanase, termed AoMan134A, that belongs to the GH 134 family was identified in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae. Recombinant... 相似文献
60.
Intracellular processes of the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium involved in the metabolism of benzoic acid (BA) were investigated at the proteome and metabolome level. Up-regulation of aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase, arylaldehyde dehydrogenase, and cytochrome P450s was observed upon addition of exogenous BA, suggesting that these enzymes play key roles in its metabolism. Intracellular metabolic shifts from the short-cut TCA/glyoxylate bicycle system to the TCA cycle and an increased flux in the TCA cycle indicated activation of the heme biosynthetic pathway and the production of NAD(P)H. In addition, combined analyses of proteome and metabolome clearly indicated the role of trehalose as a storage disaccharide and that the mannitol cycle plays a role in an alternative energy-producing pathway. 相似文献