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61.
Ueda S Terauchi H Yano A Ido M Matsumoto M Kawasaki M 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2004,14(2):313-316
In our search for a novel class of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitors, 1,3-oxazolidin-2-imine was found to weakly inhibit iNOS. Further modifications of this compound resulted in a remarkable increase in both the in vivo and in vitro inhibitory activity and selectivity for iNOS. 相似文献
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Green, herbicide-resistant plants by particle inflow gun-mediated gene transfer to diploid bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We have established an efficient particle-bombardment transformation protocol for the diploid non-apomictic genotype of the warm season forage crop Paspalum notatum (bahiagrass). A vector containing a herbicide resistance gene (bar) together with the GUS reporter gene was used in transformation experiments. The bar gene confers resistance to the herbicide bialaphos. An improved culture system, highly regenerative callus, dense in compact polyembryogenic clusters, was produced on medium with a high CuSO4 content at elevated temperature. Target tissue (360 calli) produced under these conditions yielded 52 rooted plants on herbicide-containing medium, and 22 of these plants were PCR-positive. DNA gel blot analysis revealed a copy number of 1-5 for the GUS gene in different independent transformants. There was no correlation between copy number and GUS activity. While conventional cultures yielded exclusively albino plants on herbicide-containing medium, improved culture conditions for the target tissue resulted in the recovery of 100% green transgenic plants. All green herbicide-resistant regenerants were morphological normal and fertile. 相似文献
64.
Hiroaki Murai Seiji Takeuchi Yoshimichi Nakatsu Minoru Ichikawa Masafumi Yoshino Yoichi Gondo Motoya Katsuki Kiyoji Tanaka 《Mutation research》2000,450(1-2)
We have established xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) gene-knockout mice with nucleotide excision repair (NER) deficiency, which rapidly developed skin tumors when exposed to a low dose of chronic UV like XP-A patients, confirming that the NER process plays an important role in preventing UVB-induced skin cancer. To examine the in vivo mutation in the UVB-irradiated epidermis, we established XPA (−/−), (+/−) and (+/+) mice carrying the Escherichia coli rpsL transgene with which the mutation frequencies and spectra in the UVB-irradiated epidermal tissue can be examined conveniently. The XPA (−/−) mice showed a higher frequency of UVB-induced mutation in the rpsL transgene with a low dose (150 J/m2) of UVB-irradiation than the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice, while, at a high dose (900 J/m2) they showed almost the same frequency of mutation as the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice, probably because of cell death in the epidermis of the XPA (−/−) mice. However, CC→TT tandem transition, a hallmark of UV-induced mutation, was detected at higher frequency in the XPA (−/−) mice than the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice at both doses of UVB. This rpsL/XPA mouse system will be useful for further analyzing the role of NER in the mutagenesis and carcinogenesis induced by various carcinogens. 相似文献
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Chihiro Morita Hirokazu Tsuji Tomokazu Hata Motoharu Gondo Shu Takakura Keisuke Kawai Kazufumi Yoshihara Kiyohito Ogata Koji Nomoto Kouji Miyazaki Nobuyuki Sudo 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychological illness with devastating physical consequences; however, its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Because numerous reports have indicated the importance of gut microbiota in the regulation of weight gain, it is reasonable to speculate that AN patients might have a microbial imbalance, i.e. dysbiosis, in their gut. In this study, we compared the fecal microbiota of female patients with AN (n = 25), including restrictive (ANR, n = 14) and binge-eating (ANBP, n = 11) subtypes, with those of age-matched healthy female controls (n = 21) using the Yakult Intestinal Flora-SCAN based on 16S or 23S rRNA–targeted RT–quantitative PCR technology. AN patients had significantly lower amounts of total bacteria and obligate anaerobes including those from the Clostridium coccoides group, Clostridium leptum subgroup, and Bacteroides fragilis group than the age-matched healthy women. Lower numbers of Streptococcus were also found in the AN group than in the control group. In the analysis based on AN subtypes, the counts of the Bacteroides fragilis group in the ANR and ANBP groups and the counts of the Clostridium coccoides group in the ANR group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The detection rate of the Lactobacillus plantarum subgroup was significantly lower in the AN group than in the control group. The AN group had significantly lower acetic and propionic acid concentrations in the feces than the control group. Moreover, the subtype analysis showed that the fecal concentrations of acetic acid were lower in the ANR group than in the control group. Principal component analysis confirmed a clear difference in the bacterial components between the AN patients and healthy women. Collectively, these results clearly indicate the existence of dysbiosis in the gut of AN patients. 相似文献
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Atsumu Abe Soichi Furukawa Yuya Migita Motoharu Tanaka Hirokazu Ogihara Yasushi Morinaga 《Current microbiology》2013,66(5):515-521
We studied morphologic changes after sublethal high hydrostatic pressure treatment (HPT) of Escherichia coli K-12 strains in which genes related to the cytoskeleton, cell wall, and cell division had been deleted. Some long filamentous and swelling cells were observed in wild-type bacteria, while some spherical, branched, or collapsed cells were observed in deletion mutants. In particular, ΔzapA and ΔrodZ showed distinguished morphologies. ZapA supports FtsZ, a cytoskeletal protein, forming ring with ZapB. RodZ, a cytoskeletal protein, interacts with MreB, also a cytoskeletal protein, and both factors are necessary for maintaining the rod shape of the cell. These results showed that insufficient formation of FtsZ rings induced cell elongation and that insufficient formation of MreB induced a branched and collapsed cell shape. Therefore, the correct formation of the bacteria cytoskeleton by FtsZ rings and MreB is important for keeping normal cell shape during growth after HPT, and the polymerization of cytoskeletal proteins was a critical target of sublethal HPT. These results indicate that sublethal HPT induces bacterial cell morphologic change and provide important information on the role of genes involved in morphogenesis. Therefore, sublethal HPT may be a good tool for studying the morphogenesis of bacterial cells. 相似文献