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101.
Jannik Langtved Pallisgaard Tommi Bo Lindhardt Morten Lock Hansen Anne-Marie Schjerning Jonas Bjerring Olesen Laila Staerk Christian Torp-Pedersen Gunnar Hilmar Gislason 《PloS one》2015,10(10)
Aim
Cardioversion can rapidly and effectively restore sinus rhythm in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. Since 2011 dabigatran has been available as an alternative to warfarin to prevent thromboembolic events in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation undergoing cardioversion. We studied time to cardioversion, risk of adverse events, and risk of readmission with atrial fibrillation after cardioversion according to anticoagulation therapy.Methods and Results
Through the nationwide Danish registries we included 1,230 oral anticoagulation naïve patients with first time non-valvular atrial fibrillation and first time cardioversion from 2011 to 2012; 37% in the dabigatran group (n = 456), and 63% in the warfarin group (n = 774). Median time to cardioversion was 4.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.9 to 6.5) and 6.9 (IQR 3.9 to 12.1) weeks in the dabigatran and warfarin groups respectively, and the adjusted odds ratio of cardioversion within the first 4 weeks was 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7 to 3.1) in favor of dabigatran. The cumulative incidence of composite endpoint of stroke, bleeding or death were 2.0% and 1.0% at 30 weeks in the warfarin and dabigatran groups respectively, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.33 (95% CI 0.33 to 5.42). Cumulative incidence of readmission with atrial fibrillation after 30 weeks were 9% and 11% in the warfarin and dabigatran groups, respectively, and an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.66 (95% CI 0.41 to 1.08).Conclusion
Anticoagulation treatment with dabigatran allows shorter time to cardioversion for atrial fibrillation than warfarin, and appears to be an effective and safe alternative treatment strategy to warfarin. 相似文献102.
In Scandinavia, an increased red fox Vulpes vulpes density during the last decades has been suggested to be caused by direct and indirect human influences on food availability. Recently, attention has been focused on the role of increasing scavenging opportunities due to intensified hunting of ungulates and the reestablishment of large carnivores. In our study, we investigated seasonal and annual variations in diet composition of red fox in Varaldskogen, SE Norway, an area with cyclic voles and a high density of moose Alces alces. Analyses of scats revealed significant differences among seasons in the occurrence of ungulates—mainly moose—and ungulates were the dominating food category during winter (44.9 % of all remains). Snow tracking of red fox (71 km) in winter confirmed the importance of ungulate carcasses, i.e. one case of scavenging per 3 km. The proportions of voles were high during all seasons (11.2–28.8 %); in spite of variation in available abundances, no significant seasonal or annual differences were detected. Other food categories with seasonal variation were birds, berries/seeds and amphibians/reptiles, all more common in snow-free seasons. Our study underlines the importance of ungulate remains during periods when the abundance and diversity of alternative food sources is low. Increased and stabilized populations of red foxes—mediated through remains from hunting and wolf kills from high moose populations—might have an important effect on the population dynamics of small game. Hence, we recommend that this relationship be given attention in future studies. 相似文献
103.
Jens Isak Andersen Morten Juhl Thøger Nielsen Jeppe EmmersenTrine Fink Vladimir ZacharCristian Pablo Pennisi 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
Although adult muscle tissue possesses an exceptional capacity for regeneration, in the case of large defects, the restoration to original state is not possible. A well-known source for the de novo regeneration is the adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which can be readily isolated and have been shown to have a broad differentiation and regenerative potential. In this work, we employed uniaxial cyclic tensile strain (CTS), to mechanically stimulate human ASCs to participate in the formation skeletal myotubes in an in vitro model of myogenesis. The application of CTS for 48 h resulted in the formation of a highly ordered array of parallel ASCs, but failed to support skeletal muscle terminal differentiation. When the same stimulation paradigm was applied to cocultures with mouse skeletal muscle myoblasts, the percentage of ASCs contributing to the formation of myotubes significantly exceeded the levels reported in the literature hitherto. In perspective, the mechanical strain may be used to increase the efficiency of incorporation of ASCs in the skeletal muscles, which could be found useful in diverse traumatic or pathologic scenarios. 相似文献
104.
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106.
Morten Gjermansen Martin Nilsson Liang Yang Tim Tolker‐Nielsen 《Molecular microbiology》2010,75(4):815-826
Pseudomonas putida OUS82 biofilm dispersal was previously shown to be dependent on the gene PP0164 (here designated lapG). Sequence and structural analysis has suggested that the LapG geneproduct belongs to a family of cysteine proteinases that function in the modification of bacterial surface proteins. We provide evidence that LapG is involved in P. putida OUS82 biofilm dispersal through modification of the outer membrane‐associated protein LapA. While the P. putida lapG mutant formed more biofilm than the wild‐type, P. putida lapA and P. putida lapAG mutants displayed decreased surface adhesion and were deficient in subsequent biofilm formation, suggesting that LapG affects LapA, and that the LapA protein functions both as a surface adhesin and as a biofilm matrix component. Lowering of the intracellular c‐di‐GMP level via induction of an EAL domain protein led to dispersal of P. putida wild‐type biofilm but did not disperse P. putida lapG biofilm, indicating that LapG exerts its activity on LapA in response to a decrease in the intracellular c‐di‐GMP level. In addition, evidence is provided that associated to LapA a cellulase‐degradable exopolysaccharide is part of the P. putida biofilm matrix. 相似文献
107.
Martin Lappann Heike Claus Tessa Van Alen Morten Harmsen Johannes Elias Søren Molin Ulrich Vogel 《Molecular microbiology》2010,75(6):1355-1371
Major pathogenic clonal complexes (cc) of Neisseria meningitidis differ substantially in their point prevalence among healthy carriers. We show that frequently carried pathogenic cc (e.g. sequence type ST‐41/44 cc and ST‐32 cc) depend on extracellular DNA (eDNA) to initiate in vitro biofilm formation, whereas biofilm formation of cc with low point prevalence (ST‐8 cc and ST‐11 cc) was eDNA‐independent. For initial biofilm formation, a ST‐32 cc type strain, but not a ST‐11 type strain, utilized eDNA. The release of eDNA was mediated by lytic transglycosylase and cytoplasmic N‐acetylmuramyl‐l ‐alanine amidase genes. In late biofilms, outer membrane phospholipase A‐dependent autolysis, which was observed in most cc, but not in ST‐8 and ST‐11 strains, was required for shear force resistance of microcolonies. Taken together, N. meningitidis evolved two different biofilm formation strategies, an eDNA‐dependent one yielding shear force resistant microcolonies, and an eDNA‐independent one. Based on the experimental findings and previous epidemiological observations, we hypothesize that most meningococcal cc display a settler phenotype, which is eDNA‐dependent and results in a stable interaction with the host. On the contrary, spreaders (ST‐11 and ST‐8 cc) are unable to use eDNA for biofilm formation and might compensate for poor colonization properties by high transmission rates. 相似文献
108.
Mette Kristensen Francesco Savorani Gitte Ravn-Haren Morten Poulsen Jaroslaw Markowski Flemming H. Larsen Lars O. Dragsted Søren B. Engelsen 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2010,6(1):129-136
Risk of cardiovascular disease is related to cholesterol distribution in different lipoprotein fractions. Lipoproteins in
rodent model studies can only reliably be measured by time- and plasma-consuming fractionation. An alternative method to measure
cholesterol distribution in the lipoprotein fractions in rat plasma is presented in this paper. Plasma from two rat studies
(n = 68) was used in determining the lipoprotein profile by an established ultracentrifugation method and proton nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) spectra of replicate samples was obtained. From the ultracentrifugation reference data and the NMR spectra,
an interval partial least-square (iPLS) regression model to predict the amount of cholesterol in the different lipoprotein
fractions was developed. The relative errors of the prediction models were between 12 and 33% and had correlation coefficients
(r) between 0.96 and 0.84. The models were tested with an independent test set giving prediction errors between 19 and 46%
and r between 0.96 and 0.76. Prediction of High, Low and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (HDL, LDL and VLDL) and total cholesterol
was conducted in a study where rats had been supplemented with two doses of air-dried apple-powder. No significant difference
in LDL, VLDL and total cholesterol was observed between the groups. The high apple-powder (20%) group had significantly lower
HDL cholesterol (11%, P = 0.0452) than the control group. It is concluded that the iPLS approach yielded excellent regression models and thus univocal
established chemometric analysis of NMR spectra of rat plasma as a strong and efficient way to quantify lipoprotein fractions
in rat studies. 相似文献
109.
Muma JB Lund A Siamudaala VM Munang'andu HM Munyeme M Matope G Nielsen K DJønne B Godfroid J Tryland M Skjerve E 《Journal of wildlife diseases》2010,46(4):1063-1069
One of the diseases of veterinary and public health importance affecting the Kafue lechwe (Kobus leche kafuensis) on the Kafue flats is brucellosis, for which only scant information is available. During the 2003 (October), 2004 (December), and 2008 (July-December) hunting seasons in the Kafue flats, we conducted a study to determine the seroprevalence of Brucella spp. in the Kafue lechwe and to evaluate serologic tests for detection of Brucella spp. antibodies in lechwe. The Rose Bengal Test (RBT), competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA), and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) were used. A total of 121 Kafue lechwe were hunted for disease investigations in 2003, 2004, and 2008 in the Kafue Flat Game Management Area. Of these, 21.6%, (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.2-29.1%) had detectable antibodies to Brucella spp. The Kafue lechwe in Lochnivar National Park had higher antibody results than those in Blue Lagoon National Park (odds ratio=3.0; 95% CI: 0.94-9.4). Infection levels were similar in females (21.6%) and males (21.7%). Results were similar among RBT, FPA, cELISA tests, suggesting that these could effectively be used in diagnosing brucellosis in the Kafue lechwe. Our study demonstrates the presence of Brucella infections in the Kafue lechwe in two national parks located in the Kafue flats and further highlights the suitability of serologic assays for testing the Kafue lechwe. Because the Kafue lechwe is the most hunted wildlife species in Zambia, hunters need to be informed of the public health risk of Brucella spp. infection. 相似文献
110.
Marie GB Hansen Mette Christoffersen Line R Thuesen Morten R Petersen Anders M Bojesen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2010,52(1):3