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81.
Daane KM Middleton MC Sforza R Cooper ML Walton VM Walsh DB Zaviezo T Almeida RP 《Environmental entomology》2011,40(6):1595-1603
A simple molecular tool was developed and tested to identify seven mealybug species found in North American vineyards: Pseudococcus maritimus Ehrhorn, Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret), Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzeti), Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell), Planococcus ficus (Signoret), Planococcus citri (Risso), and Ferrisia gilli Gullan. The developed multiplex PCR is based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit one gene. In tests, this single-step multiplex PCR correctly identified 95 of 95 mealybug samples, representing all seven species and collected from diverse geographic regions. To test the sensitivity, single specimen samples with different Pl. ficus developmental stages (egg to adult female and adult male) were processed PCR and the resulting output provided consistent positive identification. To test the utility of this protocol for adult males caught in sex baited pheromone traps, Pl. ficus adult males were placed in pheromone traps, aged at a constant temperature of 26±2°C, and processed with the multiplex each day thereafter for 8 d. Results showed consistent positive identification for up to 6 d (range, 6-8 d). Results are discussed with respect to the usefulness of this molecular tool for the identification of mealybugs in pest management programs and biosecurity of invasive mealybugs. 相似文献
82.
Funda E. Orkunoglu‐Suer Brennan T. Harmon Heather Gordish‐Dressman Priscilla M. Clarkson Paul D. Thompson Theodore J. Angelopoulos Paul M. Gordon Monica J. Hubal Niall M. Moyna Linda S. Pescatello Paul S. Visich Robert F. Zoeller Eric P. Hoffman Joseph M. Devaney 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2011,19(3):662-666
Recently, a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) that identified eight single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BMI highlighted a possible neuronal influence on the development of obesity. We hypothesized these SNPs would govern the response of BMI and subcutaneous fat to resistance training in young individuals (age = 24 years). We genotyped the eight GWAS‐identified SNPs in the article by Willer et al. in a cohort (n = 796) that undertook a 12‐week resistance‐training program. Females with a copy of the rare allele (C) for rs17782313 (MC4R) had significantly higher BMIs (CC/CT: n = 174; 24.70 ± 0.33 kg/m2, TT: n = 278; 23.41 ± 0.26 kg/m2, P = 0.002), and the SNP explained 1.9% of overall variation in BMI. Males with a copy of the rare allele (T) for rs6548238 (TMEM18) had lower amounts of subcutaneous fat pretraining (CT/TT: n = 65; 156,534 ± 7,415 mm3, CC: n = 136; 177,825 ± 5,139 mm3, P = 0.019) and males with a copy of the rare allele (A) for rs9939609 (FTO) lost a significant amount of subcutaneous fat with exercise (AT/AA: n = 83; ?798.35 ± 2,624.30 mm3, TT: n = 47; 9,435.23 ± 3,494.44 mm3, P = 0.021). Females with a copy of the G allele for a missense variant in the SH2B1 (rs7498665) was associated with less change of subcutaneous fat volume with exercise (AG/GG: n = 191; 9,813 ± 2,250 mm3 vs. AA: n = 126; 770 ± 2,772 mm3; P = 0.011). These data support the original finding that there is an association between measures of obesity and a variant near the MC4R gene and extends these results to a younger population and implicates FTO, TMEM18, and SH2B1 polymorphisms in subcutaneous fat regulation. 相似文献
83.
Hauser LJ Land ML Brown SD Larimer F Keller KL Rapp-Giles BJ Price MN Lin M Bruce DC Detter JC Tapia R Han CS Goodwin LA Cheng JF Pitluck S Copeland A Lucas S Nolan M Lapidus AL Palumbo AV Wall JD 《Journal of bacteriology》2011,193(16):4268-4269
Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20 (formerly Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20) is a Gram-negative mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB), known to corrode ferrous metals and to reduce toxic radionuclides and metals such as uranium and chromium to sparingly soluble and less toxic forms. We present the 3.7-Mb genome sequence to provide insights into its physiology. 相似文献
84.
In the course of recent efforts to identify new potential antiproliferative active principles, Salvia leriifolia extracts and isolated constituents were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN), amelanotic melanoma (C32), colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco‐2), lung large cell carcinoma (COR‐L23), malignant melanoma (A375), lung carcinoma (A549), and hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh‐7D12) cells. The hexane and CH2Cl2 extracts showed the strongest cytotoxic activity against the C32 cell line with IC50 values of 11.2 and 13.6 μg/ml, respectively, and the AcOEt extract was the most active extract against the COR‐L23 cell line (IC50 of 20.9 μg/ml). Buchariol, a sesquiterpene obtained by biofractionation of the CH2Cl2 extract, exhibited a higher activity than the positive control vinblastine against the C32 and A549 cell lines (IC50 values of 2.1 and 12.6 μM , resp.). Interesting results were also obtained for naringenin, a flavonoid isolated from the AcOEt extract, which exhibited a strong cytotoxic activity against the C32, LNCaP, and COR‐L23 cell lines (IC50 values of 2.2, 7.7, and 33.4 μM , resp.), compared to vinblastine (IC50 values of 3.3, 32.2, 50.0 μM , resp.). None of the tested compounds affected the proliferation of skin fibroblasts (142BR), suggesting a selective activity against tumor cells. 相似文献
85.
A high-yielding serum-free, suspension cell culture process to manufacture recombinant adenoviral vectors for gene therapy 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
G. Schoofs T. J. Monica J. Ayala J. Horwitz T. Montgomery G. Roth F. J. Castillo 《Cytotechnology》1998,28(1-3):81-89
We have developed an efficient, reproducible, and scaleable cell culture process for a recombinant adenoviral vector expressing
therapeutic transgenes for clinical trials. HEK 293 cells – which support the propagation of E1 deficient adenovirus – were
first adapted to serum free media and suspension growth. Subsequent studies focused on the infection, virus production and
harvest from suspension culture bioreactors. Future studies are planned to address the kinetics of adenovirus production in
HEK 293 as well as in other cell lines.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
86.
Hotter GS Wards BJ Mouat P Besra GS Gomes J Singh M Bassett S Kawakami P Wheeler PR de Lisle GW Collins DM 《Journal of bacteriology》2005,187(7):2267-2277
87.
Flexibility in the donor substrate specificity of {beta} 1,4-galactosyltransferase: application in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates 总被引:3,自引:5,他引:3
Biosynthetically, bovine N-acetylglucosainine ß 1,4-galacto-syltransferase(GalT) catalyses the transfer of galactosyl residues from UDP-Galto the 4-position of GlcNAc units, resulting in the productionof N-acetyllactosamine sequences. UDP-Glc and UDP-GalNAc werealso found to act as donors for this enzyme, allowing the preparationof ßGlc(14)-ßGlcNAc and ßGalNAc(14)ßGlcNActerminating structures on the milligram scale. GalT could thusbe used to add ßGalNAc to ßGlcNAc(12)Manterminating structures, converting them to the ßGalNAc(14)ßGlcNAc(12)Mansequences found on glycoprotein hormones. GalT did not transferGlcNAc residues from UDP-GlcNAc, but it could utilize UDP-GlcNH2as a donor. Synthesis of ßGlcNAc(14)ßGlcNAcsequences could therefore be accomplished by transfer of GlcNH2from its UDP derivative, followed by N-acetylation of the productamino-disaccharide using acetic anhydride in methanol. The productsof the enzymatic reactions were characterized by 1H-NMR-spectroscopyand fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry. This work expandsthe scope of the combined chemical-enzymatic synthesis of complexcarbohydrates, using glycosyltrans-ferases, to the productionof oligosaccharides different from those for which these enzymeswere designed. These unnatural reactions should find applicationin glycoprotein and glycolipid remodelling. galactosyltransferase chemica1-enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides oligosaccharide analogues sugar-nucleotide analogues carbohydrate remodelling 相似文献
88.
Previous reports have demonstrated that systemic injection of cholecystokinin (CCK) in rats produces dose-related decreases in food intake, increases in neurohypophyseal secretion of oxytocin (OT), and decreases in gastric emptying. The present studies determined whether systemic injection of bombesin (BBS), another peptide that potently reduces food intake in rats, had similar effects on OT secretion and gastric emptying. Although BBS produces a dose-dependent inhibition of food intake, even very high doses did not significantly affect plasma OT levels and only slightly decreased rates of gastric emptying. Consequently, despite their similar inhibitory effects on food intake, BBS does not appear to activate the same network of central nervous system pathways as does CCK in rats. However, parallel studies in monkeys demonstrated that systemic injection of BBS was effective in stimulating neurohypophyseal secretion of vasopressin rather than OT, in a pattern both qualitatively and quantitatively analogous to the effects of CCK in this species. Together with previous findings that BBS more potently inhibits gastric emptying in primates than in rats, these results therefore also suggest the presence of significant species differences in the central mechanisms by which BBS acts to reduce food intake. 相似文献
89.
João Afonso Baptista Monica Truninger 《The journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute》2022,28(2):556-576
Doing research on fishery commodities in Portugal led us to an enigma: for a dead fish to be fresco (fresh) it must be alive. This paradox manifests at a popular, commercial, and legal level. It denotes the interruption of the difference between being dead and being alive in the commodity form. In Portugal, we suggest, the commercialization of peixe fresco (fresh fish) is based on the production and consumption of edible ‘zombis’: seafood corpses technologically and symbolically crafted as undead. An open concept, ‘edible zombis’ is part of an experimental vocabulary that foregrounds the productive agency of undeadness, both biological and commercial, in the seafood economic complex. It relates to the ordinary practice of necromancy in the commodity-based world. Edible zombis are commodity fetishes that fetishize their producers and consumers, suspending them from the capitalist system in which they live. 相似文献
90.
Feyisara Eyiwumi Oni Niels Geudens Joseph T. Onyeka Oluwatoyin Faith Olorunleke Ayodeji Ekundayo Salami Olumide Owolabi Omoboye Anthony Arguelles Arias Amayana Adiobo Stefaan De Neve Marc Ongena José C. Martins Monica Höfte 《Environmental microbiology》2020,22(12):5137-5155
Pseudomonas isolates from tropical environments have been underexplored and may form an untapped reservoir of interesting secondary metabolites. In this study, we compared Pseudomonas and cyclic lipopeptide (CLP) diversity in the rhizosphere of a cocoyam root rot disease (CRRD) suppressive soil in Boteva, Cameroon with those from four conducive soils in Cameroon and Nigeria. Compared with other soils, Boteva andosols were characterized by high silt, organic matter, nitrogen and calcium. Besides, the cocoyam rhizosphere at Boteva was characterized by strains belonging mainly to the P. koreensis and P. putida (sub)groups, with representations in the P. fluorescens, P. chlororaphis, P. jessenii and P. asplenii (sub)groups. In contrast, P. putida isolates were prominent in conducive soils. Regarding CLP diversity, Boteva was characterized by strains producing 11 different CLP types with cocoyamide A producers, belonging to the P. koreensis group, being the most abundant. However, putisolvin III-V producers were the most dominant in the rhizosphere of conducive soils in both Cameroon and Nigeria. Furthermore, we elucidated the chemical structure of putisolvin derivatives—putisolvin III-V, and described its biosynthetic gene cluster. We show that high Pseudomonas and metabolic diversity may be driven by microbial competition, which likely contributes to soil suppressiveness to CRRD. 相似文献