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61.
Annia Hernández-Rodríguez Mayra Heydrich-Pérez Billo Diallo Mondher El Jaziri Olivier M. Vandeputte 《Plant Growth Regulation》2010,60(3):191-197
The saprophytic bacterium Burkholderia
cepacia has been shown to play an active role as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). In this study, the ability of cell-free
culture medium (CFCM) of B. cepacia to improve early developmental stages of plants has been assessed on two agronomically important crops, maize (Zea
mays) and rice (Oryza
sativa). Treating maize and rice seeds for 45 min before germination significantly improved seed germination and consequent seedling
growth. The effect of CFCM was confirmed by the increased biomass of the shoot and, mainly, the root systems of treated seedlings.
Chromatographic characterization of the CFCM revealed that the spent culture medium of B. cepacia is a complex mix of different classes of metabolites including, among others, salicylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)
and several unidentified phenolic compounds. Fractionation of the CFCM components revealed that the impressive development
of the root system of CFCM-treated seedlings is due to the synergistic action of several groups of components rather than
IAA alone. The data presented here suggest that a CFCM of B. cepacia can be used to improve crop germination. 相似文献
62.
Morgan Gaia Samia Benamar Mondher Boughalmi Isabelle Pagnier Olivier Croce Philippe Colson Didier Raoult Bernard La Scola 《PloS one》2014,9(4)
Virophages, which are potentially important ecological regulators, have been discovered in association with members of the order Megavirales. Sputnik virophages target the Mimiviridae, Mavirus was identified with the Cafeteria roenbergensis virus, and virophage genomes reconstructed by metagenomic analyses may be associated with the Phycodnaviridae. Despite the fact that the Sputnik virophages were isolated with viruses belonging to group A of the Mimiviridae, they can grow in amoebae infected by Mimiviridae from groups A, B or C. In this study we describe Zamilon, the first virophage isolated with a member of group C of the Mimiviridae family. By co-culturing amoebae with purified Zamilon, we found that the virophage is able to multiply with members of groups B and C of the Mimiviridae family but not with viruses from group A. Zamilon has a 17,276 bp DNA genome that potentially encodes 20 genes. Most of these genes are closely related to genes from the Sputnik virophage, yet two are more related to Megavirus chiliensis genes, a group B Mimiviridae, and one to Moumouvirus monve transpoviron. 相似文献
63.
64.
Recently, alpha-L-arabinofuranosidases (EC3.2.1.55) have received increased attention primarily due to their role in the degradation of lignocelluloses as well as their positive effect on the activity of other enzymes acting on lignocelluloses. As a result, these enzymes are used in many biotechnological applications including wine industry, clarification of fruit juices, digestion enhancement of animal feedstuffs and as a natural improver for bread. Moreover, these enzymes could be used to improve existing technologies and to develop new technologies. The production, mechanisms of action, classification, synergistic role, biochemical properties, substrate specificities, molecular biology and biotechnological applications of these enzymes have been reviewed in this article. 相似文献
65.
Plant cell walls are comprised of cellulose, hemicellulose and other polymers that are intertwined. This complex structure acts as a barrier to degradation by single enzyme. Thus, a cocktail consisting of bi and multifunctional xylanases and xylan debranching enzymes is most desired combination for the efficient utilization of these complex materials. Xylanases have prospective applications in the food, animal feed, and paper and pulp industries. Furthermore, in order to enhance feed nutrient digestibility and to improve wheat flour quality xylanase along with other glycohydrolases are often used. For these applications, a bifunctional enzyme is undoubtedly much more valuable as compared to monofunctional enzyme. The natural diversity of enzymes provides some candidates with evolved bifunctional activity. Nevertheless most resulted from the in vitro fusion of individual enzymes. Here we present bifunctional xylanases, their evolution, occurrence, molecular biology and potential uses in biotechnology. 相似文献
66.
CAMBIO, a software package devoted to bioprocess modelling,which runs on Apollo computers, is described. This softwareenables bioengineers to easily and interactively design appropriatemathematical models directly from their perception of the process.CAMBIO provides the user with a set of design symbols and mnemonicicons in order to interactively design a functional diagram.This diagram has to exhibit the most relevant components withtheir related interactions through biological and physico-chemicalreactions. Then, CAMBIO automatically generates the dynamicalmaterial balance equations of the process in the form of analgebraic-differential system by taking advantage of the knowledgeinvolved in the functional diagram. The model may be used forcontrol design purpose or completed by kinetics expressionswith a view to simulation. CAMBIO offers facilities to generatea simulation model (for coding of kinetics, introducing auxiliaryvariables, etc.). This model is automatically interfaced witha specialized simulation software which allows an immediatevisualization of the process dynamical behaviour under variousoperational conditions (possibly involving feedback controlstrategies). An example of an application dealing with yeastfermentation is given.
Received on June 14, 1990; accepted on January 11, 1991 相似文献
67.
Aminata P. Nacoulma Veronique Megalizzi Laurent R. Pottier Manuela De Lorenzi Sylviane Thoret Jo?lle Dubois Olivier M. Vandeputte Pierre Duez Danny Vereecke Mondher El Jaziri 《PloS one》2013,8(10)
Aims
Though plant metabolic changes are known to occur during interactions with bacteria, these were rarely challenged for pharmacologically active compounds suitable for further drug development. Here, the occurrence of specific chemicals with antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines was evidenced in hyperplasia (leafy galls) induced when plants interact with particular phytopathogens, such as the Actinomycete Rhodococcus fascians.Methods
We examined leafy galls fraction F3.1.1 on cell proliferation, cell division and cytoskeletal disorganization of human cancer cell lines using time-lapse videomicroscopy imaging, combined with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis. We determined the F3.1.1-fraction composition by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.Results
The leafy galls induced on tobacco by R. fascians yielded fraction F3.1.1 which inhibited proliferation of glioblastoma U373 cells with an IC50 of 4.5 µg/mL, F.3.1.1 was shown to increase cell division duration, cause nuclear morphological deformations and cell enlargement, and, at higher concentrations, karyokinesis defects leading to polyploidization and apoptosis. F3.1.1 consisted of a mixture of isomers belonging to the cembrenoids. The cellular defects induced by F3.1.1 were caused by a peculiar cytoskeletal disorganization, with the occurrence of fragmented tubulin and strongly organized microtubule aggregates within the same cell. Colchicine, paclitaxel, and cembrene also affected U373 cell proliferation and karyokinesis, but the induced microtubule rearrangement was very different from that provoked by F3.1.1. Altogether our data indicate that the cembrenoid isomers in F3.1.1 have a unique mode of action and are able to simultaneously modulate microtubule polymerization and stability. 相似文献68.
Maha Sagar Christian Chervin Jean-Paul Roustan Mondher Bouzayen Mohamed Zouine 《Plant signaling & behavior》2013,8(10)
Auxin is one of the most prominent phytohormones regulating many aspects of fleshy fruit development including fruit set, fruit size through the control of cell division and cell expansion, and fruit ripening. To shed light on the role of auxin fruit ripening, we have previously shown that Sl-ARF4 is a major player in mediating the auxin control of sugar metabolism in tomato fruit (cv MicroTom). Further extending this study, we show here that down-regulation of Sl-ARF4 in tomato alters some ripening-related fruit quality traits including enhanced fruit density at mature stage, increased firmness, prolonged shelf-life and reduced water (weight) loss at red ripe stage. These findings suggest that Sl-ARF4 plays a role in determining fruit cell wall architecture and thus providing a potential genetic marker for improving post-harvest handling and shelf life of tomato fruits. 相似文献
69.
70.
Increase in tomato locule number is controlled by two single-nucleotide polymorphisms located near WUSCHEL 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Muños S Ranc N Botton E Bérard A Rolland S Duffé P Carretero Y Le Paslier MC Delalande C Bouzayen M Brunel D Causse M 《Plant physiology》2011,156(4):2244-2254
In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit, the number of locules (cavities containing seeds that are derived from carpels) varies from two to up to 10 or more. Locule number affects fruit shape and size and is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The large majority of the phenotypic variation is explained by two of these QTLs, fasciated (fas) and locule number (lc), that interact epistatically with one another. FAS has been cloned, and mutations in the gene are described as key factors leading to the increase in fruit size in modern varieties. Here, we report the map-based cloning of lc. The lc QTL includes a 1,600-bp region that is located 1,080 bp from the 3' end of WUSCHEL, which encodes a homeodomain protein that regulates stem cell fate in plants. The molecular evolution of lc showed a reduction of diversity in cultivated accessions with the exception of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms. These two single-nucleotide polymorphisms were shown to be responsible for the increase in locule number. An evolutionary model of locule number is proposed herein, suggesting that the fas mutation appeared after the mutation in the lc locus to confer the extreme high-locule-number phenotype. 相似文献