全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5244篇 |
免费 | 430篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 13篇 |
2023年 | 51篇 |
2022年 | 182篇 |
2021年 | 295篇 |
2020年 | 153篇 |
2019年 | 186篇 |
2018年 | 228篇 |
2017年 | 173篇 |
2016年 | 281篇 |
2015年 | 344篇 |
2014年 | 355篇 |
2013年 | 422篇 |
2012年 | 396篇 |
2011年 | 378篇 |
2010年 | 233篇 |
2009年 | 179篇 |
2008年 | 224篇 |
2007年 | 220篇 |
2006年 | 191篇 |
2005年 | 169篇 |
2004年 | 152篇 |
2003年 | 140篇 |
2002年 | 130篇 |
2001年 | 46篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 48篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 27篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 18篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 10篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有5682条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
111.
Qi Shaohua Ngwa Conelius Morales Scheihing Diego A. Al Mamun Abdullah Ahnstedt Hilda W. Finger Carson E. Colpo Gabriela Delevati Sharmeen Romana Kim Youngran Choi HuiMahn A. McCullough Louise D. Liu Fudong 《Biology of sex differences》2021,12(1):1-11
Determine if sex differences exist in clinical characteristics and outcomes of adults hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a US healthcare system. Case series study. Sequentially hospitalized adults admitted for COVID-19 at two tertiary care academic hospitals in New Orleans, LA, between 27 February and 15 July 2020. Measures included demographics, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, and laboratory results. Outcomes included intensive care unit admission (ICU), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and in-hospital death. We included 776 patients (median age 60.5 years; 61.4% women, 75% non-Hispanic Black). Rates of ICU, IMV, and death were similar in both sexes. In women versus men, obesity (63.8 vs 41.6%, P < 0.0001), hypertension (77.6 vs 70.1%, P = 0.02), diabetes (38.2 vs 31.8%, P = 0.06), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 22.1 vs 15.1%, P = 0.015), and asthma (14.3 vs 6.9%, P = 0.001) were more prevalent. More women exhibited dyspnea (61.2 vs 53.7%, P = 0.04), fatigue (35.7 vs 28.5%, P = 0.03), and digestive symptoms (39.3 vs 32.8%, P = 0.06) than men. Obesity was associated with IMV at a lower BMI (> 35) in women, but the magnitude of the effect of morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40) was similar in both sexes. COPD was associated with ICU (adjusted OR (aOR), 2.6; 95%CI, 1.5–4.3) and IMV (aOR, 1.8; 95%CI, 1.2–3.1) in women only. Diabetes (aOR, 2.6; 95%CI, 1.2–2.9), chronic kidney disease (aOR, 2.2; 95%CI, 1.3–5.2), elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (aOR, 2.5; 95%CI, 1.4–4.3), and elevated ferritin (aOR, 3.6; 95%CI, 1.7–7.3) were independent predictors of death in women only. In contrast, elevated D-dimer was an independent predictor of ICU (aOR, 7.3; 95%CI, 2.7–19.5), IMV (aOR, 6.5; 95%CI, 2.1–20.4), and death (aOR, 4.5; 95%CI, 1.2–16.4) in men only. This study highlights sex disparities in clinical determinants of severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients that may inform management and prevention strategies to ensure gender equity. 相似文献
112.
Jun-Wen Qiao∗ Xiao-Ou Su∗ Yu-Xing Li Jian-Min Yang Yi-Qin Wang Mohammed Kouadir 《Animal biotechnology》2013,24(3):151-155
The 37-kDa laminin receptor precursor/67-kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR, also known as ribosomal protein SA, RPSA) has been reported to be involved in cancer development and prion internalization. Previous studies have shown that the LRP/LR is expressed in a wide variety of tissues. In particular, expression of LRP/LR mRNA may be closely related to the degree of PrPSc propagation. This study presents a detailed investigation of the LRP/LR mRNA expression levels in eleven normal ovine tissues. Using real-time quantitative PCR, the highest LRP/LR expression was found in neocortex (p < 0.05). Slightly lower levels were found in the heart and obex. Intermediate levels were seen in hippocampus, cerebellum, spleen, thalamus, mesenteric lymph node, and the lowest levels were present in liver, kidney, and lung. In general, the LRP/LR mRNA levels were much higher in neuronal tissues than in peripheral tissues. The observation that differences in LRP/LR mRNA expression levels are consistent with the corresponding variation in PrPSc accumulation suggests that the 37-kDa/67-kDa laminin receptor may be involved in the regulation of PrPSc propagation. 相似文献
113.
Masakazu Goto Chisato Ito Mohammed Sani Yahaya Yoshihito Wakai Shiro Asano Yukari Oka 《Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology》2013,45(2):99-107
The number of microorganisms in the hindgut of dugongs (Dugong dugon) were estimated and their in vitro volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and degradation of eelgrass measured. Scanning electron microscopy showed that some rod bacteria attached to the surface of plant tissue degraded and eroded the cell walls. Number of starch-, lactate-, cellobiose-, pectin-, xylan- and cellulose-utilizing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria and methane-producing bacteria were estimated at 109 ~ 1010 colony forming units g?1. Microorganisms degraded the cellulose and noncellulolytic components of the eelgrass, and about 47.3% of dry matter was degraded after 36?h in vitro incubation. The total VFA concentration was 10.5?mmol?dL?1 at 36?h incubation, which included 55.7?mol% acetate, 18.0?mol% n-butyrate and 15.1?mol% propionate. The gas composition of in vitro fermentation was 68.4% carbon dioxide, 22.2% methane and 9.4% hydrogen. 相似文献
114.
R. Al Nazer A. Klodowski T. Rantalainen A. Heinonen H. Sievänen A. Mikkola 《Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering》2013,16(6):573-579
Load-induced strains applied to bone can stimulate its development and adaptation. In order to quantify the incident strains within the skeleton, in vivo implementation of strain gauges on the surfaces of bone is typically used. However, in vivo strain measurements require invasive methodology that is challenging and limited to certain regions of superficial bones only such as the anterior surface of the tibia. Based on our previous study [Al Nazer et al. (2008) J Biomech. 41:1036–1043], an alternative numerical approach to analyse in vivo strains based on the flexible multibody simulation approach was proposed. The purpose of this study was to extend the idea of using the flexible multibody approach in the analysis of bone strains during physical activity through integrating the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique within the framework. In order to investigate the reliability and validity of the proposed approach, a three-dimensional full body musculoskeletal model with a flexible tibia was used as a demonstration example. The model was used in a forward dynamics simulation in order to predict the tibial strains during walking on a level exercise. The flexible tibial model was developed using the actual geometry of human tibia, which was obtained from three-dimensional reconstruction of MRI. Motion capture data obtained from walking at constant velocity were used to drive the model during the inverse dynamics simulation in order to teach the muscles to reproduce the motion in the forward dynamics simulation. Based on the agreement between the literature-based in vivo strain measurements and the simulated strain results, it can be concluded that the flexible multibody approach enables reasonable predictions of bone strain in response to dynamic loading. The information obtained from the present approach can be useful in clinical applications including devising exercises to prevent bone fragility or to accelerate fracture healing. 相似文献
115.
Ezdihar A. Hassoun Jacquelyn Cearfoss Brian Musser Sarah Krispinsky Noor Al‐Hassan Ming‐Cheh Liu 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2013,27(4):237-242
In this study, groups of B6C3F1 male mice were treated with dichloroacetate (DCA), trichloroacetate (TCA), and mixtures of the compounds (Mix I, II, and III) daily by gavage, for 13 weeks. The tested doses were 7.5, 15, and 30 mg DCA/kg/day and 12.5, 25, and 50 mg TCA/kg/day. The DCA: TCA ratios in Mix I, II, and III were 7.5:12.5, 15:25, and 30:50 mg/kg/day, respectively. Peritoneal lavage cells were collected at the end of the treatment period and assayed for the biomarkers of phagocytic activation, including superoxide anion and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha production, and myeloperoxidase activity. The mixtures produced nonlinear effects on the biomarkers of phagocytic activation, with Mix I and II effects were found to be additive, but Mix III effects were found to be less than additive. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:237‐242, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com . DOI 10.1002/jbt.21476 相似文献
116.
117.
Marrit Putker Tobias Madl Harmjan R. Vos Hesther de Ruiter Marieke Visscher Maaike C.W. van den Berg Mohammed Kaplan Hendrik C. Korswagen Rolf Boelens Michiel Vermeulen Boudewijn M.T. Burgering Tobias B. Dansen 《Molecular cell》2013,49(4):730-742
- Download : Download high-res image (206KB)
- Download : Download full-size image
118.
119.
Humayun Pervez Mohammad S. Iqbal Muhammad Younas Tahir Faiz-ul-Hassan Nasim Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary Khalid Mohammed Khan 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(6):848-854
A series of 15 previously reported N4-substituted isatin-3-thiosemicarbazones 3a-o has been screened for cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and urease inhibitory activities. Compounds 3b, 3e and 3n proved to be active in cytotoxicity assay; 3e exhibited a high degree of cytotoxic activity (LD50 = 1.10 × 10? 5 M). Compound 3h exhibited significant antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, whereas compounds 3a, 3k and 3l displayed significant antifungal activity against one or more fungal strains i.e. T. longifusus, A. flavus and M. canis. In human urease enzyme inhibition assay, compounds 3g, 3k and 3m proved to be the most potent inhibitors, exhibiting relatively pronounced inhibition of the enzyme. These compounds, being non-toxic, could be potential candidates for orally effective therapeutic agents to treat certain clinical conditions induced by bacterial ureases like H. pylori urease. This study presents the first example of inhibition of urease by isatin-thiosemicarbazones and as such provides a solid basis for further research on such compounds to develop more potent inhibitors. 相似文献
120.
Mohammed A. E. Sallam Leroy B. Townsend 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(7):1215-1229
Abstract Treatment of 4-(D-gluco-pentitol-l-y1)-2-pheny1–2H-1,2,3-triazole (1) with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in pyridine solution, afforded the homo-C-nucleoside analog, 4-(2,5-anhydro-D-gluco-pentitol-1-yl)-2-phenyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole (2) as well as its partial p-toluenesulfonyl derivative (3). 4-(5-Chloro-5-deoxy-D-gluco-pentitol-1-yl)-2-phenyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole (8), was isolated as a byproduct from the reaction. The structure and anomeric configuration of 2 was determined by acylation, 1H, 13C NMR, and NOE, spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. 相似文献