Evaluation of maize inbred lines resistance to ear rot disease and fumonisin accumulation in Moghan

Reaction of 10 maize inbred lines against Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin accumulation were evaluated under field conditions with three replications in Pars Abad-e-Moghan, Iran. For artificial inoculation, the inbred lines were inoculated with spore suspension in concentration of 1 × 10⁶ ml^?1 7–10 days after emergence of silk, using nail punch method. To evaluate the development of the disease, its severity percent and grain yield (g plant^?1) was determined two months after inoculation. Total fumonisin produced on maize grains were also evaluated by ELISA kits. The results showed inbred lines K19, K19/1 and K74/1 were susceptible and the rest of the inbred lines were moderately resistant to the diseases. Among moderately resistant inbred lines, A679 and K18 had lowest fumonisin accumulation. Average of the fumonisin accumulation under natural infection condition (control) was 3.37 mg kg^?1 while it was 29 mg kg^?1 under artificial infection condition, which was 760% more than control.     

Design and implementation of microarray gene expression markup language (MAGE-ML)

Background

Meaningful exchange of microarray data is currently difficult because it is rare that published data provide sufficient information depth or are even in the same format from one publication to another. Only when data can be easily exchanged will the entire biological community be able to derive the full benefit from such microarray studies.

Results

To this end we have developed three key ingredients towards standardizing the storage and exchange of microarray data. First, we have created a minimal information for the annotation of a microarray experiment (MIAME)-compliant conceptualization of microarray experiments modeled using the unified modeling language (UML) named MAGE-OM (microarray gene expression object model). Second, we have translated MAGE-OM into an XML-based data format, MAGE-ML, to facilitate the exchange of data. Third, some of us are now using MAGE (or its progenitors) in data production settings. Finally, we have developed a freely available software tool kit (MAGE-STK) that eases the integration of MAGE-ML into end users' systems.

Conclusions

MAGE will help microarray data producers and users to exchange information by providing a common platform for data exchange, and MAGE-STK will make the adoption of MAGE easier.     

Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in populations of the Caspian region and southeastern Europe

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction polymorphism was examined in Turkmens, Eastern Iranians, and Ukrainians. The gene pools of all populations studied were characterized by the presence of European mtDNA lineages. Mongoloid component observed in Turkmen and Iranian populations with the frequencies of about 20% was represented by groups C, D, and E/G in Turkmens, and by M*, D, A, and B in Iranians. The relative positions of the populations studied, of populations from the Caucasus, Western Iran, and Russian populations from the Krasnodar krai and Belgorod oblast in the space of principal components revealed a geographically specific pattern of the population clustering. The data on mtDNA polymorphism indicated pronounced differentiation of Eastern and Western Iranians. The latter were characterized by a mtDNA group composition similar to that in Eastern Slavs. The historical role of the Caspian populations in the formation of the population of Southeastern Europe is discussed.     

Endothelial Calcineurin Signaling Restrains Metastatic Outgrowth by Regulating Bmp2

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