Masum  Sheikh Muhammad  Hossain  Mohammad Amzad  Akamine  Hikaru  Sakagami  Jun-Ichi  Ishii  Takahiro  Konno  Toshihiro  Nakamura  Ichiro 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2019,38(2):501-512

The phytotoxic effects of two allelochemicals (trans-cinnamic acid and syringaldehyde) at different concentrations (1000, 100, 10, and 1 µM) on seed germination, seedling growth, and physiological and biochemical changes of Echinochloa crus-galli L. were tested by comparison to a commercial herbicide ‘Nominee’ (that is, 100 g/L bispyribac-sodium). trans-Cinnamic acid and the herbicide inhibited seed germination completely at 100 µM, whereas for syringaldehyde, complete inhibition required 1000 µM. However, with 100 µM syringaldehyde, the seed germination of the test species was 53% of the control. Allelochemicals and the herbicide delayed seed germination and significantly affected the speed of germination index (S), speed of cumulative germination index (AS), and coefficient of germination rate (CRG). The roots were more affected when nutrients were not added to the growth bioassay. In general, with the increasing concentration of allelochemicals from 100 to 1000 µM, the inhibitory effects increased. Via microscopy analysis, we found leaf blade wilting and necrosis at concentrations above 100 µM in allelochemical-treated plants. Roots of E. crus-galli treated with 1000 µM allelochemicals had black points on root nodes but had no root hairs. The anatomy of roots treated with allelochemicals (1000 µM) showed contraction or reduction of root pith cells as well as fewer and larger vacuoles compared to the control. The allelochemicals also showed remarkable effects on seedling growth, SPAD index, chlorophyll content, and free proline content in a pot culture bioassay, indicating that trans-cinnamic acid and syringaldehyde are potent inhibitors of E. crus-galli growth and can be developed as herbicides for future weed management strategies.

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Nurul Athirah Naserrudin  Emira Izzati Abdul Aziz  Erdie Aljet  George Mangunji  Bumpei Tojo  Mohammad Saffree Jeffree  Richard Culleton  Kamruddin Ahmed 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2021,15(6)

An outbreak of Plasmodium malariae occurred in Sonsogon Paliu village in the remote area of Ulu Bengkoka sub-district of Kota Marudu, Northern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo from July through August 2019. This was the first outbreak of malaria in this village since 2014. On 11^th July 2019 the Kota Kinabalu Public Health Laboratory notified the Kota Marudu District Health Office of a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) positive case of P. malariae. This index case was a male from Sulawesi, Indonesia working for a logging company operating in Sonsogon Paliu. During the resulting outbreak, a total of 14 symptomatic cases were detected. All of these cases were positive by thick and thin blood smear examination, and also by PCR. During the outbreak, a mass blood survey screening was performed by light-microscopy and PCR. A total of 94 asymptomatic villagers 31 (33.0%) were PCR positive but thick and thin blood smear negative for P. malariae. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases received treatment at the district hospital. When symptomatic and asymptomatic cases were considered together, males (29/45. 64.5%) were infected more than females (16/45, 35.6%), the male:female ratio being 1.8:1. Adults were the predominant age group infected (22/45, 48.9%) followed by adolescents (19/45, 42.2%) and children under five years of age (4/45, 8.9%). This report illustrates that symptomatic and submicroscopic cases pose a challenge during P. malariae outbreaks and that PCR is a valuable tool for their identification. The rapid identification and control of imported malaria is crucial for the continued control of malaria in Malaysia.  相似文献   

    

Albooyeh  Alireza  Dadrasi  Ali  Hamed Mashhadzadeh  Amin  Saeb  Mohammad Reza 《Journal of molecular modeling》2021,27(7):1-16

Journal of Molecular Modeling - The adsorption and inhibition mechanism of chain length increase and group substitution of imidazole tetrafluoroborate derivatives for the corrosion inhibition of...  相似文献   

    

Raja Vadivelu  Navid Kashaninejad  Mohammad Reza Nikmaneshi  Rubina Rahaman Khadim  Seyedeh Sarah Salehi  Naveen Chintala Ramulu  Yasuyuki Sakai  Masaki Nishikawa  Bahar Firoozabadi  Nam-Trung Nguyen 《Advanced Biosystems》2021,5(2):2000108

Digital microfluidics based on liquid marble (LM) has recently emerged as a promising platform for liquid handling and cell-based assays. However, evaporation is a critical problem in such platforms, hindering their wide-range applications in various fields. This study aims to develop a functional sessile LM system for long-term 3D cell culture. Previously, this study group and others demonstrated that floating LM-based bioreactors could reduce the evaporation rate, and were thus suitable for growing multicellular spheroids. However, floating LMs are not robust and easily collapse. Herein, an evaporation-reducing sessile LM by embedding LM with agarose gel is proposed. Through a series of comprehensive mathematical modeling, numerical simulations, and experimental investigations (both with and without biological cells), it is shown that such a platform acts as a moisture absorption system to control the evaporation and thus extends the life span of LMs. It is also found that unlike pure LMs, the LMs filled with agarose maintain their spherical shapes within 72 h inside a humidified incubator. Moreover, the presence of agarose significantly contributes to minimizing evaporation and improves the viability of the harvested multicellular spheroids. These results can open up a new avenue in using LMs in life sciences and chemistry.  相似文献   

    

Raja Vadivelu  Navid Kashaninejad  Mohammad Reza Nikmaneshi  Rubina Rahaman Khadim  Seyedeh Sarah Salehi  Naveen Chintala Ramulu  Yasuyuki Sakai  Masaki Nishikawa  Bahar Firoozabadi  Nam-Trung Nguyen 《Advanced Biosystems》2021,5(2):2170022

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Alireza Mohammadi  Amir Alambeigi  José Vicente López-Bao  Lobat Taghavi  Mohammad Kaboli 《Conservation Science and Practice》2022,4(5):e12667

Given the complex and dynamic interrelationships of the underlying factors contributing to conflicts associated with wolf presence and persistence in human-dominated landscapes, it is often difficult to clearly identify the ultimate causes of these conflicts. In this study, a system dynamics modeling approach was adopted to simulate human–wolf conflicts in an area with the greatest number of recently fatal wolf attacks on humans in Iran. Data used to build the model were obtained from questionnaire surveys and satellite tracking of wolves. We simulated changes in ecological and social factors that may influence conflicts under different assumptions. Our findings indicate that, in this context, the proximity of wolves to human settlements is one of the determining factors leading to increased wolf attacks on humans and livestock. When the distance between wolf territories and human settlements increases, the likelihood of both wolf incidents and retaliatory killings are expected to decrease. Effective communication of information regarding wolves across local communities is expected to result in a positive shift in attitudes toward the species, as well as a decrease in fear, which in turn will affect the rate of conflicts. Improper disposal of carcasses of domestic animals by the locals, dumping of waste in open dumpsites close to villages, and leaving children unattended on agricultural fields are expected to increase the recurrence of conflicts. We strongly urge Hamadan provincial office of environment and nongovernmental organizations to initiate communication programs to raise awareness on the human–wolf conflict and its mitigation. This includes how to properly handle livestock carcasses at safe distances from human settlements. Furthermore, design and construction of sanitary landfills in the vicinity of each village, as well as providing education on how to properly use these sites could help reduce risky conflicts.  相似文献   

    

Md. Ashraful Alam  Milan Skalicky  Muhammad Rezaul Kabir  Md. Monwar Hossain  Md. Abdul Hakim  Md. Siddikun Nabi Mandal  Rabiul Islam  Md. Babul Anwar  Akbar Hossain  Fahmy Hassan  Amaal Mohammadein  Muhammad Aamir Iqbal  Marian Brestic  Mohammad Anwar Hossain  Khalid Rehman Hakeem  Ayman EL Sabagh 《Phyton》2021,90(4):1301-1320

Globally among biotic stresses, diseases like blight, rust and blast constitute prime constraints for reducing wheatproductivity especially in Bangladesh. For sustainable productivity, the development of disease-resistant lines andhigh yielding varieties is vital and necessary. This study was conducted using 122 advanced breeding lines ofwheat including 21 varieties developed by Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute (BAMRI) with aimsto identify genotypes having high yield potential and resistance to leaf blight, leaf rust and blast diseases. Thesegenotypes were evaluated for resistance against leaf blight and leaf rust at Dinajpur and wheat blast at Jashoreunder field condition. Out of 122 genotypes tested, 20 lines were selected as resistant to leaf blight based onthe area under the diseases progress curve (AUDPC) under both irrigated timely sown (ITS) and irrigated latesown (ILS) conditions. Forty-two genotypes were found completely free from leaf rust infection, 59 genotypeswere identified as resistant, and 13 genotypes were identified as moderately resistant to leaf rust. Eighteen genotypes were immune against wheat blast, 42 genotypes were categorized as resistant, and 26 genotypes were identified as moderately resistant to wheat blast. Molecular data revealed that the 16 genotypes showed a positive 2NSsegment among the 18 immune genotypes selected against wheat blast under field conditions. The genotypesBAW 1322, BAW 1295, and BAW 1203 can be used as earlier maturing genotypes and the genotypes BAW1372, BAW 1373, BAW 1297 and BAW 1364 can be used for lodging tolerant due to short plant height. The genotypes WMRI Gom 1, BAW 1349 and BAW 1350 can be selected for bold grain and the genotypes WMRI Gom 1,BAW 1297, BAW 1377 can be used as high yielder for optimum seeding condition but genotypes BAW 1377and BAW 1366 can be used for late sown condition. The selected resistant genotypes against specific diseases can be used in the further breeding program to develop wheat varieties having higher disease resistance andyield potential.  相似文献   

    

Hossein Riasat Harami  Farid Amirkhani  Hossein Abedsoltan  Mohammad Younas  Mashallah Rezakazemi  Mahdi Sheikh  Saeed Shirazian 《ChemBioEng Reviews》2021,8(1):27-43

This work presents a technical investigation and review of the development of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) employed in different applications to save electrical energy. The MMMs design has been recently adjusted and improved to restore more energy bulks. The important factors to control the performance of the MMMs are the penetrant type, membrane matrix, and polymer‐filler interface interactions. This study reviews the current methods to deal with dielectric MMMs and smart nanomembranes for energy saving. These methods include ferroelectric membrane fabrication, dielectric permittivity, conductive dopants, construction of nanocomposites with modified surfaces, and the usage of combined effects. Most chemists and scientists have dedicated all their efforts to develop the attributes of dielectric materials at various electric fields and to find their relationship with chemical construction, composite morphology, and particle density.  相似文献   

    

Maysam Mansouri  Seyed Jafar Mousavy  Zahra Ehsaei  Shahram Nazarian  Mohammad Reza Zali  Seyed Mohammad Moazzeni 《Biologicals》2013,41(3):169-175

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common cause of children diarrhea in the world. Adhesion of ETEC to small intestine is an important virulence trait. One of the most prevalent colonization factors (CFs) in human is CFA/I fimbriae and CfaE which is the required binding factor for adhesion of ETEC to intestinal mucosa.We optimized cfaE gene codons according to codon bias of E. coli to achieve a high level of recombinant protein expression. The optimized gene was expressed in E. coli and rCFaE protein was used for mice immunization. Blocking activity of the obtained antibody was examined by microplate agglutination inhibition test. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the optimized sequence of cfaE produces a suitable amount of rCFaE in comparison with native gene sequence. This optimized rCFaE protein could induces strong humoral response in mice and the antibody obtained against rCFaE inhibited the adhesion of ETEC to human group A erythrocytes. It is concluded that codon optimization is a useful approach for obtaining large quantities of recombinant rCFaE protein. With regard to the results of hemagglutination inhibition test, codon optimization and increased production of recombinant protein expressed in E. coli did not affect the immunogenicity potential of CFaE.  相似文献   

    

Dipti Verma  Mohammad Wahid Ansari  Ganesh Kumar Agrawal  Randeep Rakwal  Alok Shukla  Narendra Tuteja 《Plant signaling & behavior》2013,8(4)

Drought is the major environmental stress that limits rice productivity worldwide. In vitro somaclonal variation using different selection agents has been used for crop improvement. Here, rice plants of cv PR113 were selected in vitro on 30, 50 and 70 g L^-1 polyethylene glycol 6,000 (PEG). Callus growth, proliferation, calli volume (first and second culture) and plantlet regeneration (third culture) were found to be decreased upto a certain level to acquire tolerance to PEG-induced drought. From the field data, 30 g L^-1 PEG lines showed higher vegetative growth (plant height, tiller number, leaf number, shoot weight and root growth) as compared with 50 g L^-1 PEG selected somaclone lines under limited irrigation. The yield parameters-panicle length, panicle weight, grains per panicle, 1,000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, harvest index and grain straw ratio were also higher in 30 g L^-1 PEG lines as compared with 50 g L^-1 PEG lines. The results, therefore indicate that 30 g L^-1 PEG selected somaclone lines were more suited than 50 g L^-1 PEG selected somaclone lines under stress as compared with WT. The finding suggests that rice cv PR113 somaclones generated on PEG are found to be drought tolerant under field condition with better yield.  相似文献