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61.
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs) are a class of drugs that are widely used because of their various pharmacological properties including cardiotonic, vasodilator, smooth muscle relaxant, antidepressant, antithrombotic, bronchodilator, antiinflammatory and enhancer of cognitive function. In the recent years, interest in drugs of plant origin has been progressively increased. Some pharmacologically active substances that come from plants demonstrate PDEI activity. They mainly belong to alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. In this review, studies on herbal PDEI were reviewed and their possible therapeutic applications were discussed. Screening plants for PDE inhibitory activity may help to develop standardized phytotherapeutic products or find new sources for new lead structures with PDEI pharmacological activity. The studies discussed in this paper are mainly in vitro and for more reasonable and conclusive results, it is required to conduct in vivo and finally human and clinical tests.  相似文献   
62.
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology - Blood flow analysis in the artery is a paramount study in the field of arterial stenosis evaluation. Studies conducted so far have reported the...  相似文献   
63.
64.
Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), which is present in most bacteria and eukaryotes’ mitochondria, plays an important role in amino acid metabolism. In g  相似文献   
65.
Kidney failure is one of the most important challenges in medicine. In this study, we used HEK-293 kidney cells to evaluate and compare changes in the expr  相似文献   
66.
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Introduction of natural compounds with anticancer properties can be an...  相似文献   
67.
Water stress is one of the main abiotic factors that reduces plant growth, mainly due to high evaporative demand and low water availability. In order to evaluate the effects of drought stress on certain morphological and physiological characteristics of two canola cultivars, we conducted a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. The findings show that drought stress exacerbations result in the plant's response to stress due to increased canola resistance caused by changes in plant pigments, proline, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde, glucose, galactose, rhamnose and xylose. These in turn ultimately influence the morphological characteristics of canola. Drought stress reduces the concentration of carotenoids, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophylls; however, glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, proline, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde (in leaves and roots) and the chlorophyll a and b ratios were increased. Reduction of plant height, stem height, root length, fresh and dry weight of canola treated with 300 g/l PEG compared to non‐treatment were 0.264, 0.236, 0.394, 0.183 and 0.395, respectively. From the two canola cultivars, the morphological characteristics of the NIMA increased compared to the Ks7 cultivar. Interaction effects of cultivar and drought stress showed that NIMA cultivar without treatment had the highest number of morphological characteristics such as carotenoid concentration, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophylls a and b, whereas the cultivar with 300 g/l PEG (drought stress) had the highest amount of proline, malondialdehyde, soluble sugars and enzymes in leaves and roots. Increasing activity of oxidative enzymes and soluble sugars in canola under drought stress could be a sign of their relative tolerance to drought stress.  相似文献   
68.
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - LL-37 is a 37 amino acid long cationic peptide belonging to the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides. Limited investigations...  相似文献   
69.
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Membrane proteins play important functions, such as cellular communication and transferring materials in the cell. Many membrane...  相似文献   
70.
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Acinetobacter baumannii is an important pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections worldwide. Trimeric autotransporters, the...  相似文献   
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