免疫细胞化学方法对胸腔积液中恶性肿瘤细胞的分类与诊断

目的应用免疫细胞化学对胸腔积液中的肺非小细胞癌分类与恶性间皮瘤的鉴别诊断。方法利用液基薄层细胞学自动涂片技术方法对筛查出的胸腔积液可疑瘤细胞及瘤细胞标本1158例进行细胞包埋连续切片,分别作肺非小细胞癌（NSCLC）肿瘤细胞标记物CK7、CK5＆6、TTF-1、E—Ca及恶性间皮瘤标记物MC（MesothelialCell,MC）、CR（Calfetinin,CR）、P53、Vimentin免疫细胞化学染色。结果1158例胸腔积液患者确诊为肺腺癌581例,鳞癌509例,腺鳞癌48例,恶性间皮瘤20例。TTF-1在腺癌中有明显高表达,阳性表达率为92．43％;CK58L6在鳞癌中有明显高表达,阳性表达率为97．45％;MC、CR在恶性间皮瘤中有明显高表达,阳性表达率为100．00％和95．00％。结论液基细胞学与免疫细胞化学技术相结合在胸腔积液鉴别诊断中有很重要的临床意义,CK7、CK58L6、TTF-1、E—ca联合应用可用于胸腔积液中NSCLC之间的分类与诊断,CK58L6、MC、CR、P53、Vimentin联合应用可用于胸腔积液中间皮瘤的定性诊断,值得在临床细胞病理学诊断中推广应用。     

Mask mitigates MAPT- and FUS-induced degeneration by enhancing autophagy through lysosomal acidification

Accumulation of intracellular misfolded or damaged proteins is associated with both normal aging and late-onset degenerative diseases. Two cellular clearance mechanisms, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the macroautophagy/autophagy-lysosomal pathway, work in concert to degrade harmful protein aggregates and maintain protein homeostasis. Here we show that Mask, an Ankyrin-repeat and KH-domain containing protein, plays a key role in promoting autophagy flux and mitigating degeneration caused by protein aggregation or impaired UPS function. In Drosophila eye models of human tauopathy or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diseases, loss of Mask function enhanced, while gain of Mask function mitigated, eye degenerations induced by eye-specific expression of human pathogenic MAPT/TAU or FUS proteins. The fly larval muscle, a more accessible tissue, was then used to study the underlying molecular mechanisms in vivo. We found that Mask modulates the global abundance of K48- and K63-ubiquitinated proteins by regulating autophagy-lysosome-mediated degradation, but not UPS function. Indeed, upregulation of Mask compensated the partial loss of UPS function. We further demonstrate that Mask promotes autophagic flux by enhancing lysosomal function, and that Mask is necessary and sufficient for promoting the expression levels of the proton-pumping vacuolar (V)-type ATPases in a TFEB-independent manner. Moreover, the beneficial effects conferred by Mask expression on the UPS dysfunction and neurodegenerative models depend on intact autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Our findings highlight the importance of lysosome acidification in cellular surveillance mechanisms and establish a model for exploring strategies to mitigate neurodegeneration by boosting lysosomal function.     

C2CD4A/B variants in the predisposition of lung cancer in the Chinese Han population

Functional & Integrative Genomics - The mRNA levels of C2CD4A and C2CD4B were dysregulation in lung cancer (LC). We aimed to evaluate the role of C2CD4A/B variants in LC susceptibility. There...     

Tunable Fano Resonance Based Mode Interference in Waveguide-Cavity-Graphene Hybrid Structure

In this paper, a graphene strip is introduced into a metal-insulator-metal (MIM)-integrated square cavity hybrid structure; the transmission spectra are theoretically investigated by the finite different time domain (FDTD) methods. An asymmetric Fano resonance dip that has high figure of merit (FOM) value appears in the transmission band. According to the multimode interference coupled mode theory (MICMT) analytical method, the Fano resonance originates from the coherent coupling between TM₁₀ cavity magnetic mode and graphene plasmonic resonance electric mode. The center wavelength, full width at half maximum (FWHM), and FOM value of the Fano resonance can be tuned dynamically by altering the Fermi level of the graphene. Through breaking the symmetry of the hybrid structure or introducing double graphene strips with different Fermi level into hybrid structure, double Fano resonance are realized. This study can provide some theoretical basis and design reference for designing ultrahigh sensitivity plasmonic sensor.

     

锦鸡儿属灌木阻止干旱草地沙漠化生态过程

纵观全球沙漠化的研究进展,从宏观上研究沙漠化现状和后果的报道较多,对沙漠化内在过程的综合研究较少,灌木在阻止干旱区草原沙漠化中的生态作用缺乏研究。研究假设：在干旱地区,灌木的存在提高土壤营养水平,提升土壤保水能力,促进林下植物和土壤生物群落,进而减轻风蚀和固结土壤,这些相互联系的生态过程共同阻止了草原沙漠化。为了验证上述假设,我们以内蒙古阿拉善地区的荒漠化草原为样地,研究锦鸡儿属灌木的固土能力、提高土壤保水能力、改善土壤营养能力和促进生物群落能力,从生物、土壤、水分和沙物质运动等多过程来探讨锦鸡儿属灌木在阻止草原沙漠化中的作用。目的是弄清灌木阻止干旱草地沙漠化的生态过程。在阿拉善荒漠化草原区,锦鸡儿属灌木盖度大约为12.40%。在100 m²的土地上现有灌木固土2.01 m³,固土效率为167 cm³/g鲜重,每年灌木生长可以增加固土能力0.264 m³/100 m²土地。锦鸡儿属灌木提高了土壤湿度(灌丛效应SE=0.120)和土壤对雨水的保持能力(SE 0.155),改善了土...     

Towards energy-efficient parallel analysis of neural signals

Recent advances of experimental methods and neuroscience research have made neural signals constantly massive and analysis of these signals highly compute-intensive. This study explore the possibility proposes a massively parallel approach for analysis of neural signals using General-purpose computing on the graphics processing unit (GPGPU). We demonstrate the uses and correctness of the proposed approach via a case of analyzing EEG with focal epilepsy. An experimental examination has been carried out to investigate (1) the GPGPU-aided approach’s performance and (2) energy costs of the GPGPU-aided application versus the original CPU-only systems. Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach excels in both aspects.     

多糖调控T/B淋巴细胞免疫应答机制的研究进展

淋巴细胞是机体适应性免疫系统的重要组成,多糖对其刺激作用在生物医药领域受到广泛的关注。目前,大部分的相关研究仅限于多糖对淋巴细胞增殖及细胞因子或抗体表达水平的调控,系统的分子机制解析少见报道。综合多糖对淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用发现:活性多糖可同时刺激T/B细胞、也可选择性刺激T细胞或选择性刺激B细胞;多糖刺激T细胞免疫应答的信号通道主要为TCR/CD3→PTK→PI3-K→PKC/PLCγ→Ca2+→calcineurin→NFAT和TCR/CD3→PTK→MAPKs→AP-1;而刺激B细胞的信号通道主要包括TLR2/4→TRAF6→IKKc→NF-κB、TLR2/4→PTK→MAPKs→AP-1和IgM/CD79→PTK→MAPKs→AP-1。同时,归纳多糖刺激淋巴细胞活性的构效关系,旨在为相关领域的研究提供参考。     

高脂肪日粮和产甲烷菌抑制剂对C57BL/6J小鼠盲肠微生物及脂肪代谢的影响

摘要:【目的】本文旨在研究产甲烷菌抑制剂溴氯甲烷(BCM)对采食高、低脂肪水平日粮小鼠的肠道微生物以及脂肪代谢的影响。【方法】选取32只21日龄的雌性C57BL/6J小,随机分成4组:对照低脂日粮组、对照低脂日粮加BCM组、高脂日粮组及高脂日粮加BCM组,每组8个重复,BCM通过饮水添加。饲养周期为6周,试验期结束,采集小鼠血液样品,用于生化指标分析;采集小鼠盲肠内容物,用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)和real-time PCR技术分析其菌群;气相色谱法分析粪样中短链脂肪酸含量;real-time PCR技术分析 肝脏中脂肪代谢相关基因表达。【结果】高脂日粮和BCM处理对小鼠体增重均无显著影响;DGGE图谱中低脂日粮组和高脂日粮组样品聚于不同簇,但对各组总细菌、产甲烷菌和硫还原菌数量无显著影响。高脂日粮组粪样中乙酸占总挥发酸比例显著降低(P＜0.05);BCM处理显著增加小鼠粪样丙酸比例(P＜0.05);高脂日粮处理显著影响高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总胆固醇含量(P＜0.05);高脂日粮处理促进了甘油三酯水解酶表达(P＜0.05)。【结论】高脂日粮对小鼠肠道菌群结构以及脂肪代谢有明显影响,而BCM处理影响较小。