水稻条叶枯病毒(RStV)基因组组分4的克隆与序列分析

利用RTPCR技术合成并扩增了水稻条叶枯病毒(RStV)中国云南分离物基因组组分4的全长cDNA,将PCR产物克隆在载体pCRII上,并进行全序列测定,所得核苷酸序列及推测的氨基酸序列与日本分离物T进行比较。结果表明,在核苷酸水平,两分离物的vORF、vcORF及基因间非编码区序列的同源性分别为94.9%、94.1%、86.1%,5’端非编码区序列相同,而3’非编码区同源性为96.1%,仅有两个核苷酸不同;在氨基酸水平,vORF及vcORF编码蛋白的同源性分别为99.4%和98.3%。可见,编码区的大小及其氨基酸序列和两末端序列都是很保守的。因此,中国云南分离物Y与日本分离物T可能有很近的亲缘关系。     

鄂西产三种野生葛总黄酮含量的紫外分光光度法测定

鄂西产三种野生葛总黄酮含量的紫外分光光度法测定李石生刘欣邓京振赵守训（中国药科大学天然药物化学教研室,南京２１００３８）Ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｏｔａｌｆｌａｖｏｎｏｉｄｉｎ３ｗｉｌｄｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｏｆＰｕｅｒａｒｉａｆｒｏｍＷｅｓｔＨｕｂ...     

Distributed Function Mining for Gene Expression Programming Based on Fast Reduction

For high-dimensional and massive data sets, traditional centralized gene expression programming (GEP) or improved algorithms lead to increased run-time and decreased prediction accuracy. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new improved algorithm called distributed function mining for gene expression programming based on fast reduction (DFMGEP-FR). In DFMGEP-FR, fast attribution reduction in binary search algorithms (FAR-BSA) is proposed to quickly find the optimal attribution set, and the function consistency replacement algorithm is given to solve integration of the local function model. Thorough comparative experiments for DFMGEP-FR, centralized GEP and the parallel gene expression programming algorithm based on simulated annealing (parallel GEPSA) are included in this paper. For the waveform, mushroom, connect-4 and musk datasets, the comparative results show that the average time-consumption of DFMGEP-FR drops by 89.09%%, 88.85%, 85.79% and 93.06%, respectively, in contrast to centralized GEP and by 12.5%, 8.42%, 9.62% and 13.75%, respectively, compared with parallel GEPSA. Six well-studied UCI test data sets demonstrate the efficiency and capability of our proposed DFMGEP-FR algorithm for distributed function mining.     

荸荠营养器官的发育与解剖学研究

荸荠同化茎起源于肉质主茎倒２或倒３叶的叶腋内。同化茎基部着生二鞘状叶,鞘状叶对早期同化茎穿出土面具保护作用。匍匐茎大多起源于同化茎基部鞘状叶的叶腋内。当植株开始抽生花茎时,地下匍匐茎顶端开始膨大。球茎的膨大是匍匐茎顶端５－６节的基本组织经细胞有丝分裂,增加细胞数目,然后由细胞体积的扩大来实现的。球茎具足够的营养物质供来年顶芽萌发的需要,故属水生植物冬芽的性质。     

GeoChip-based analysis of the functional gene diversity and metabolic potential of microbial communities in acid mine drainage

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is an extreme environment, usually with low pH and high concentrations of metals. Although the phylogenetic diversity of AMD microbial communities has been examined extensively, little is known about their functional gene diversity and metabolic potential. In this study, a comprehensive functional gene array (GeoChip 2.0) was used to analyze the functional diversity, composition, structure, and metabolic potential of AMD microbial communities from three copper mines in China. GeoChip data indicated that these microbial communities were functionally diverse as measured by the number of genes detected, gene overlapping, unique genes, and various diversity indices. Almost all key functional gene categories targeted by GeoChip 2.0 were detected in the AMD microbial communities, including carbon fixation, carbon degradation, methane generation, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, ammonification, nitrogen reduction, sulfur metabolism, metal resistance, and organic contaminant degradation, which suggested that the functional gene diversity was higher than was previously thought. Mantel test results indicated that AMD microbial communities are shaped largely by surrounding environmental factors (e.g., S, Mg, and Cu). Functional genes (e.g., narG and norB) and several key functional processes (e.g., methane generation, ammonification, denitrification, sulfite reduction, and organic contaminant degradation) were significantly (P < 0.10) correlated with environmental variables. This study presents an overview of functional gene diversity and the structure of AMD microbial communities and also provides insights into our understanding of metabolic potential in AMD ecosystems.     

Amplified detection of nucleic acid by G-quadruplex based hybridization chain reaction

A protein-free, isothermal, self-amplified nucleic acid sensing system which was a G-quadruplex integrated hybridization chain reaction (GQ-HCR) system was developed. The G-quadruplex was closed two-thirds in the loop and one-third in the stem of one of the GQ-HCR hairpin probes. In the absence of the target molecule, the GQ-HCR probes stayed as inactive meta-stable hairpin structures and the G-quadruplex was inert. Reversely, the GQ-HCR probes could be cross-opened to start a hybridization chain reaction and the closed G-quadruplex could be released to be free when the GQ-HCR probes came across the target molecule. The GQ-HCR nucleic acid sensing system could detect as low as 7.5nM ssDNA or RNA by the colorimetric method and 4nM ssDNA by the fluorometric method. Less than 10 copies of dsDNA template could also be detected when PCR was combined with the GQ-HCR system (PCR+GQ-HCR). Because of these advantages, the GQ-HCR system was also studied for application in visual chip detection to obtain a satisfactory repeatable and specific result.     

越桔亚科植物化学成分研究进展

本文综述了近年来越桔亚科植物的研究进展。分别介绍了越桔属,红梅苔子属等化学成分研究的概况。     

STIP overexpression confers oncogenic potential to human non‐small cell lung cancer cells by regulating cell cycle and apoptosis

Sip1/tuftelin‐interacting protein (STIP), a multidomain nuclear protein, is a novel factor associated with the spliceosome, yet its role and molecular function in cancer remain unknown. In this study, we show, for the first time, that STIP is overexpressed in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues compared to adjacent normal lung tissues. The depletion of endogenous STIP inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, caused cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. Cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase was associated with the expression and activity of the cyclin B1‐CDK1 (cyclin‐dependent kinase 1) complex. We also provide evidence that STIP knockdown induced apoptosis by activating both caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 and by altering the Bcl‐2/Bax expression ratio. RNA sequencing data indicated that the MAPK mitogen‐activated protein kinases, Wnt, PI3K/AKT, and NF‐κB (nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells) signalling pathways might be involved in STIP‐mediated tumour regulation. Collectively, these results suggest that STIP may be a novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for NSCLC.     

Light intensities required to suppress nocturnal melatonin secretion in albino and pigmented rats

Sprague-Dawley albino rats or Long-Evans pigmented rats were exposed during the dark phase of the daily light:dark cycle to various intensities of a sunlight-stimulating white fluorescent light (0.022, 0.044, 0.110, 0.220, 0.440 or 2.200 μW/cm²) for 30 min; pineal glands and trunk blood samples were then collected and assayed for melatonin by radioimmunoassay. Albino rats exposed to irradiances of 0.110 μW/cm² or less had pineal melatonin levels that were not significantly different from those of unexposed animals; higher irradiances significantly (P < 0.001) reduced melatonin levels. In contrast, as little as 0.022 μW/cm² significantly (P < 0.02) reduced pineal and serum melatonin levels in the pigmented rats. These results suggest that something other than the simple presence or absence of eye pigmentation is the critical factor in determining the sensitivity of the rat's pineal to retinal-mediated photic suppression of melatonin synthesis.