Toll样受体4与肝损伤的研究进展

Toll样受体4((toll like receptor4,TLR4)是内毒素(LPS)的关键受体,为Toll蛋白家族中的一个成员,是联系固有免疫和适应性免疫的纽带。TLR4主要表达于髓源性细胞,其启动的胞内信号转导在肝损伤的发生和发展过程中发挥重要作用。这一信号转导途径主要通过NF-κB、p38、JNK等的激活,使细胞产生炎症转录因子,介导肝脏炎症。TLR4与氧化应激的相互作用,使得肝脏对TLR4的配体及细胞因子的敏感性增加,从而加重肝脏损伤。随着TLR4在肝损伤中的作用进一步阐明,其在肝脏疾病中的治疗作用将会产生广阔的应用前景。     

miR-34c inhibits proliferation of glioma by targeting PTP1B

Glioma is one of the most pervasive and invasive primary malignancies in the central nervous sys-tem.Due to its abnormal proliferation,glioma remains hard to cu...     

粘虫迁飞能源物质的研究

粘虫具有迁飞特性。本研究对迁飞型和居留型的粘虫雌、雄蛾进行生理测定,分别分析了虫体糖原、总脂肪含量,并对虫体腹腔内脂肪体显微切片进行组织学观察,其结果表明,脂肪是粘虫迁飞的主要能源物质。     

龟纹瓢虫成虫的食饵搜索行为——向地域集中型转换的激发和持续时间

为了研究在15—25lux和230—280lux两种光照条件下雌雄龟纹瓢虫成虫搜索行为转换的因子及作地域集中型搜索持续的时间(giving-up-time——简写为GUT)长短,按Nakamuta(1982)方法给予以下五种刺激:a.和棉蚜接触;b.捕获棉蚜或仅食去撕去量;c.完全吃下捕获的1头棉蚜;d.和琼脂块(2×2×2mm)接触;e.吃下沾有棉蚜体液的琼脂块(2×2×2mm)。以不给予刺激作对照,观察每种刺激对搜索行为转换的激发作用。结果表明五种刺激的任一种刺激都可激发搜索行为的转换。结果还表明GUT值随刺激程度大小而变化,其大小顺序为a=d相似文献   

Chromosome-level genome assembly and characterization of Sophora Japonica

Sophora japonica is a medium-size deciduous tree belonging to Leguminosae family and famous for its high ecological, economic and medicinal value. Here, we reveal a draft genome of S. japonica, which was ∼511.49 Mb long (contig N50 size of 17.34 Mb) based on Illumina, Nanopore and Hi-C data. We reliably assembled 110 contigs into 14 chromosomes, representing 91.62% of the total genome, with an improved N50 size of 31.32 Mb based on Hi-C data. Further investigation identified 271.76 Mb (53.13%) of repetitive sequences and 31,000 protein-coding genes, of which 30,721 (99.1%) were functionally annotated. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that S. japonica separated from Arabidopsis thaliana and Glycine max ∼107.53 and 61.24 million years ago, respectively. We detected evidence of species-specific and common-legume whole-genome duplication events in S. japonica. We further found that multiple TF families (e.g. BBX and PAL) have expanded in S. japonica, which might have led to its enhanced tolerance to abiotic stress. In addition, S. japonica harbours more genes involved in the lignin and cellulose biosynthesis pathways than the other two species. Finally, population genomic analyses revealed no obvious differentiation among geographical groups and the effective population size continuously declined since 2 Ma. Our genomic data provide a powerful comparative framework to study the adaptation, evolution and active ingredients biosynthesis in S. japonica. More importantly, our high-quality S. japonica genome is important for elucidating the biosynthesis of its main bioactive components, and improving its production and/or processing.     

Alternatively activated macrophages at the recipient site improve fat graft retention by promoting angiogenesis and adipogenesis

The inflammatory response mediated by macrophages plays a role in tissue repair. Macrophages preferentially infiltrate the donor site and subsequently, infiltrate the recipient site after fat grafting. This study aimed to trace host‐derived macrophages and to evaluate the effects of macrophage infiltration at the recipient site during the early stage on long‐term fat graft retention. In our novel mouse model, all mice underwent simulated liposuction and were divided into 2 groups. The fat procurement plus grafting (Pro‐Grafting) group was engrafted with prepared fat (0.3 ml). The pro‐Grafting+M2 group was engrafted with prepared fat (0.3 ml) mixed with 1.0 × 10⁶ GFP+M0 macrophages, and then, 2 ng IL‐4 was injected into the grafts on Day 3. In addition, 1.0 × 10⁶ GFP+M0 macrophages were injected into the tail vein for tracing in the Pro‐Grafting group. As a result, GFP+macrophages first infiltrated the donor site and subsequently infiltrated the recipient site in the Pro‐Grafting group. The long‐term retention rate was higher in the Pro‐Grafting+M2 group (52% ± 6.5%) than in the Pro‐Grafting group (40% ± 3.5%). CD34+ and CD31+ areas were observed earlier, and expression of the adipogenic proteins PPAR‐γ, C/EBP and AP2 was higher in the Pro‐Grafting+M2 group than in the Pro‐Grafting group. The host macrophages preferentially infiltrate the donor site, and then, infiltrate the recipient site after fat grafting. At the early stage, an increase in macrophages at the recipient site may promote vascularization and regeneration, and thereby improve the fat graft retention rate.     

IL1RN promotes osteoblastic differentiation via interacting with ITGB3 in osteoporosis

The occurrence and progress of osteoporosis(OP)are partially caused by impaired osteoblast differentiation.Interleukin-I receptor antagonist(IL1RN)is an immune ...     

Development of a fluorescent probe hydrolysis-insulated isothermal PCR for rapid and sensitive on-site detection of African swine fever virus

Highlights
1. A probe-based insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) assay was developed for rapid and onsite detection of ASFV.
2. The developed iiPCR showed similar sensitivity and specificity with OIE recommended real-time PCR.
3. Blood samples could be directly applied as PCR template in iiPCR without DNA extraction.     

TAK1 is an essential regulator of BMP signalling in cartilage

TGFβ activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a member of the MAPKKK family, controls diverse functions ranging from innate and adaptive immune system activation to vascular development and apoptosis. To analyse the in vivo function of TAK1 in cartilage, we generated mice with a conditional deletion of Tak1 driven by the collagen 2 promoter. Tak1^col2 mice displayed severe chondrodysplasia with runting, impaired formation of secondary centres of ossification, and joint abnormalities including elbow dislocation and tarsal fusion. This phenotype resembled that of bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR)1 and Gdf5-deficient mice. BMPR signalling was markedly impaired in TAK1-deficient chondrocytes as evidenced by reduced expression of known BMP target genes as well as reduced phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 and p38/Jnk/Erk MAP kinases. TAK1 mediates Smad1 phosphorylation at C-terminal serine residues. These findings provide the first in vivo evidence in a mammalian system that TAK1 is required for BMP signalling and functions as an upstream activating kinase for Smad1/5/8 in addition to its known role in regulating MAP kinase pathways. Our experiments reveal an essential role for TAK1 in the morphogenesis, growth, and maintenance of cartilage.