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81.
Jan-Kan Chen Ray J. -F. Tsai Song-Shu Lin 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》1994,30(4):243-248
Summary Pterygium is a degenerative corneal limbal process and UV irradiation has been suggested as being a major environmental predisposing
factor. The invasive nature of the fibroblasts associated with pterygia raises the question as to whether these cells are
transformed. To test this hypothesis, we established fibroblast strains from autologous and heterologous pterygial and conjunctival
specimens, respectively, from subjects between 40 to 50 yr of age, and compared their growth characteristics in culture. All
pterygial fibroblast strains exhibited a reduced dependence on serum and exogenous growth factors for growth and reached a
saturation population density that was threefold higher than conjunctival fibroblasts cultured under the same conditions.
In addition, all pterygial fibroblast strains were able to form colonies in soft agar in 5% fetal bovine serum at a 6.0 to
7.5% efficiency. Under the same experimental conditions, none of the conjunctival fibroblast strains were able to grow. The
results presented support the conclusion that pterygial fibroblasts have acquired many of the properties of the transformed
phenotype. 相似文献
82.
L.-Y. Chau T. A. Lin W.-T. Chang C.-H. Chen M.-J. Shue Y.-S. Hsu C.-Y. Hu W.-H. Tsai G. Y. Sun 《Journal of neurochemistry》1993,60(2):454-460
Abstract: Addition of endothelins (ETs) to neuroblastomaglioma hybrid cells (NG108-15) induced increases in cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) levels of labeled inositol monophosphates and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3]. The increases in [Ca2+]i elicited by the three ETs (ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3) were transient and did not show a sustained phase. Chelating extracellular Ca2+ in the medium by adding excess EGTA decreased the ET-mediated Ca2+ response by 40-50%. This result indicates that a substantial portion of the increase in [Ca2+]i was due to influx from an extracellular source. However, the increase in [Ca2+]i was not affected by verapamil or nifedipine (10?5M). A rank order potency of ET-1 ET-2 ET-3 is shown for the stimulated increase in [Ca2+]i, as well as labeled inositol phosphates, in these cells. ATP (10?4M) and bradykinin (10?7M) also induced the increases in [Ca2+]i and Ins(1,4,5)P3 in NG108-15 cells, albeit to a different extent. When compared at 10?7M, bradykinin elicited a five- to sixfold higher increase in the level of Ins(1,4,5)P3, but less than a twofold higher increase in [Ca2+]i than those induced by ET-1. Additive increases in both Ins(1,4,5)P3 and [Ca2+]i were observed when ET-1, ATP, and bradykinin were added to the cells in different combinations, suggesting that each receptor agonist is responsible for the hydrolysis of a pool of polyphosphoinositide within the membrane. ET-1 exhibited homologous desensitization of the Ca2+ response, but partial heterologous desensitization to the Ca2+ response elicited by ATP. On the contrary, ET-1 did not desensitize the response elicited by bradykinin, although bradykinin exhibited complete heterologous desensitization to the response elicited by ET-1. Taken together, these results illustrate that, in NG108-15 cells, a considerable amount of receptor cross talk occurs between ET and other receptors that transmit signals through the polyphosphoinositide pathway. 相似文献
83.
Relationships among non-Acremonium sp. fungal endophytes in five grass species. 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Z Q An M R Siegel W Hollin H F Tsai D Schmidt C L Schardl 《Applied microbiology》1993,59(5):1540-1548
Many cool-season grasses (subfamily Pooideae) possess maternally transmitted fungal symbionts which cause no known pathology and often enhance the ecological fitness and biochemical capabilities of the grass hosts. The most commonly described endophytes are the Acremonium section Albo-lanosa spp. (Acremonium endophytes), which are conidial anamorphs (strictly asexual forms) of Epichloë typhina. Other endophytes which have been noted are a Gliocladium-like fungus in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and a Phialophora-like fungus in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Here, we report the identification of additional non-Acremonium sp. endophytes (herein designated p-endophytes) in three more grass species: Festuca gigantea, Festuca arizonica, and Festuca pratensis. In each grass species, the p-endophyte was cosymbiotic with an Acremonium endophyte. Serological analysis and sequence determinations of variable portions of their rRNA genes indicated that the two previously identified non-Acremonium endophytes are closely related to each other and to the newly identified p-endophytes. Therefore, the p-endophytes represent a second group of widely distributed grass symbionts. 相似文献
84.
Through simple model analysis, the mass action kinetic model for lipolytic enzymes in biphasic aqueous-organic systems can be simplified using the quasi-steady state assumption (or the quasi-equilibrium state assumption) for the adsorbed enzyme E* or the enzyme-substrate complex E*S. Some parameter combinations leading to the above assumptions are derived confirmed by full numerical integration of the whole enzymatic process. The results may be classified into three categories: (1) the quasi-equilibrium state assumption for E*, (2) the quasi-steady state assumption for E*, and (3) the quasi-steady state assumption for E*S. Further simplification for both E* and E*S is also discussed. (c) 1993 Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
85.
Sperm from the American lobster (Homarus americanus) are normally nonmotile. However, during fertilization, the sperm undergo a calcium-dependent acrosome reaction that propels them forward about 18 μMm. The reaction occurs in two phases, eversion and ejection, which take place too quickly to permit analysis by direct observation. The purposes of this study were to examine the structural changes occurring in sperm during the normal acrosome reaction and to determine the rate of the reaction using video microscopy. The reaction was induced in vitro by ionophore A23187 and recorded using a video system attached to a Nikon Nomarski interference microscope. Videotapes were played back frame by frame (30 frames/sec), and images of reactions from 10 sperm were analyzed. The acrosome reaction, including the eversion of the acrosomal vesicle and ejection of the subacrosomal material and nucleus, can be divided into 4 steps: (1) expansion of the apical cap followed by expansion of the remainder of the acrosomal cylinder; expansion of the cylinder begins at its apical end and proceeds toward its base, (2) eversion of the apical half of the acrosomal vesicle and initial contraction of the apical cap, (3) eversion of the basal half of the acrosomal vesicle, continued contraction of the apical cap, and ejection of the subacrosomal material and nucleus, and (4) final contraction of the apical cap and ejection of the acrosomal filament. During steps 2, 3, and 4, the mean forward movement of sperm is 12.7, 3.9, and 1.1 μMm, respectively. Although the time required to complete the reaction ranged from 0.66 to 5.16 s, most sperm reacted in less than 3. s, and these sperm were considered to have typical rates. For sperm that reacted in less than 3 s, both step 1 and step 4 take about 0.2 s and show little variation among sperm. the time required to complete steps 2 and 3 averaged 0.63 and 0.37 s, respectively. Forward movement of the sperm during the acrosome reaction is caused by eversion of the inner and outer acrosomal material and contraction of the apical cap. The protein(s) responsible for this contraction is not yet known. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
86.
Han-Yu Wang Yi-Ru Shen Yung-Chieh Tsai Shang-Rung Wu Chia-Yih Wang Pao-Lin Kuo 《Journal of cellular physiology》2023,238(3):597-609
Septin-based ring complexes maintain the sperm annulus. Defective annular structures are observed in the sperm of Sept12- and Sept4-null mice. In addition, sperm capacitation, a process required for proper fertilization, is inhibited in Sept4-null mice, implying that the sperm annulus might play a role in controlling sperm capacitation. Hence, we analyzed sperm capacitation of sperm obtained from SEPT12 Ser196 phosphomimetic (S196E), phosphorylation-deficient (S196A), and SEPT4-depleted mutant mice. Capacitation was reduced in the sperm of both the Sept12 S196E- and Sept12 S196A-knock-in mice. The protein levels of septins, namely, SEPT4 and SEPT12, were upregulated, and these proteins were concentrated in the sperm annulus during capacitation. Importantly, the expression of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), a key enzyme that initiates capacitation, was upregulated, and sAC was recruited to the sperm annulus following capacitation stimulation. We further found that SEPT12, SEPT4, and sAC formed a complex and colocalized to the sperm annulus. Additionally, sAC expression was reduced and disappeared in the annulus of the SEPT12 S196E- and S196A-mutant mouse sperm. In the sperm of the SEPT4-knockout mice, sAC did not localize to the annulus. Thus, our data demonstrate that SEPT12 phosphorylation status and SEPT4 activity jointly regulate sAC protein levels and annular localization to induce sperm capacitation. 相似文献
87.
Leveraging information in aggregate data from external sources to improve estimation efficiency and prediction accuracy with smaller scale studies has drawn a great deal of attention in recent years. Yet, conventional methods often either ignore uncertainty in the external information or fail to account for the heterogeneity between internal and external studies. This article proposes an empirical likelihood-based framework to improve the estimation of the semiparametric transformation models by incorporating information about the t-year subgroup survival probability from external sources. The proposed estimation procedure incorporates an additional likelihood component to account for uncertainty in the external information and employs a density ratio model to characterize population heterogeneity. We establish the consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator and show that it is more efficient than the conventional pseudopartial likelihood estimator without combining information. Simulation studies show that the proposed estimator yields little bias and outperforms the conventional approach even in the presence of information uncertainty and heterogeneity. The proposed methodologies are illustrated with an analysis of a pancreatic cancer study. 相似文献
88.
89.
Yung-Chieh Tsai Tian-Ni Kuo Yu-Ying Chao Pei-Rong Lee Ruei-Ci Lin Xiao-Yi Xiao Bu-Miin Huang Chia-Yih Wang 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2023,124(1):89-102
Testes control the development of male reproductive system. The testicular interstitial Leydig cells (Leydig cells) synthesize testosterone for promoting spermatogenesis and secondary sexual characteristics. Type A platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA) is one of the most important growth factors in regulating Leydig cell growth and function. Knockout of PDGF-AA or its congenital receptor PDGFR-α leads to poor testicular development caused by reducing Leydig cell numbers, supporting PDGF-AA/PDGFR-α signaling regulates Leydig cell development. Primary cilium is a cellular antenna that functions as an integrative platform to transduce extracellular signaling for proper development and differentiation. Several receptors including PDGFR-α are observed on primary cilia for initiating signaling cascades in distinct cell types. Here we showed that PDGF-AA/PDGFR-α signaling promoted Leydig cells growth, migration, and invasion via primary cilia. Upon PDGF-AA treatment, AKT and ERK signaling were activated to regulate these cellular events. Interestingly, active AKT and ERK were detected around the base of primary cilia. Depletion of ciliary genes (IFT88 and CEP164) alleviated PDGF-AA-activated AKT and ERK, thus reducing Leydig cell growth, migration, and invasion. Thus, our study not only reveals the function of PDGF-AA/PDGFR-α signaling in maintaining testicular physiology but also uncovers the role of primary cilium and downstream signaling in regulating Leydig cell development. 相似文献
90.
视力与视觉诱发电位的相关分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对104例病人的图形翻转VEP的瞬态波形各参数,以及9例正常或近视学生的稳态曲线功率谱与视力之间的关系进行了多元相关统计分析,旨在探讨VEP的哪些参数可客观地评估视力.结果表明,瞬态VEP的波形参数中以13’格诱发的N_1P_1、P_1N_2的峰峰值及P_(100)潜伏期与视力的相关系数最大,故认为,分析视力时以平均P_(100)波的波幅值和P_(100)波潜伏期作指标较为灵敏;而稳态、VEP能谱曲线则显示,视力与平均相叶能谱或刺激频率点的能谱相关性较大,与二次谐波的相关性则小. 相似文献