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61.
Strategies for identifying genetic risk factors in complex diseases by association studies require the comparison of allele frequencies of numerous SNPs between affected and control populations. Theoretically, hundreds of thousands of SNP markers across the genome will have to be genotyped in these studies. Genotyping SNPs one sample at a time is extremely costly and time consuming. To streamline whole genome association studies, some have proposed to screen SNPs by pooling the DNA samples initially for allele frequency determination and perform individual genotyping only when there is a significant discrepancy in allele frequencies between the affected and control populations. Here we describe a new method for determining the allele frequency of SNPs in pooled DNA samples using a two-color primer extension assay with real-time monitoring of fluorescence polarization (named kinetic FP-TDI assay). By comparing the ratio of the rate of incorporation of the two allele-specific dye-terminators, one can calculate the relative amounts of each allele in the pooled sample. The accuracy of allele frequency determination with pooled samples is within 3.3 +/- 0.8% of that determined by genotyping individual samples that make up the pool. 相似文献
62.
63.
马铃薯Y病毒蚜传辅助成分介导PVX/PVY协生作用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
构建了马铃薯Y病毒中国株系(PVY-C)蚜传辅助成分(HC-Pro)基因的正义、反义和缺失三种植物表达载体,通过农杆菌介导法转化烟草品种NC89。Southern blot分析表明,HC-Pro基因及其突变体已经整合到烟草染色体中,Western blot分析证明,正义HC-Pro基因及其缺失突变体在转基因烟草中有表达产物,攻毒试验结果表明,转正义,HC-Pro基因及其缺失突变体不仅能够提高T1转基因烟草中PVY-C的病毒积累和致病,而且对异源病毒PVX具有同样的作用,而转反义HC-Pro基因烟草对PVY-C和PVX的致病性无影响,因此,PVY-C HC-Pro基因介导PVX/PVY的协作作用。 相似文献
64.
重组HIV表面抗原gp120的表达纯化及免疫学鉴定 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为研制具有流行特点的HIV血清学诊断试剂,采用pET系统表达HIV-1表面糖蛋白gp120。研究发现,全长的gp120在E.coli中不能有效表达;N端半长的gp120可以表达,但表达量很低;仅保留N端1/3的gp120(包含gp120V1/V2抗原决定簇)有效表达,表达蛋白占菌体总蛋白的18%;Westernblot显示较好的反应原性;通过金属螯合层析,产物得到完全纯化。在这些结果的基础上,我们表达了流行株的gp120片段,为探索gp120在大肠杆菌的高效表达,建立针对中国人群的HIV血清学诊断系统奠定基础。 相似文献
65.
SuiKang Wang YouHuang Bai ChenJia Shen YunRong Wu SaiNa Zhang DeAn Jiang Tom J. Guilfoyle Ming Chen YanHua Qi 《Functional & integrative genomics》2010,10(4):533-546
Sorghum, a C4 model plant, has been studied to develop an understanding of the molecular mechanism of resistance to stress.
The auxin-response genes, auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA), auxin-response factor (ARF), Gretchen Hagen3 (GH3), small
auxin-up RNAs, and lateral organ boundaries (LBD), are involved in growth/development and stress/defense responses in Arabidopsis and rice, but they have not been studied in sorghum. In the present paper, the chromosome distribution, gene duplication,
promoters, intron/exon, and phylogenic relationships of Aux/IAA, ARF, GH3, and LBD genes in sorghum are presented. Furthermore,
real-time PCR analysis demonstrated these genes are differently expressed in leaf/root of sorghum and indicated the expression
profile of these gene families under IAA, brassinosteroid (BR), salt, and drought treatments. The SbGH3 and SbLBD genes, expressed
in low level under natural condition, were highly induced by salt and drought stress consistent with their products being
involved in both abiotic stresses. Three genes, SbIAA1, SbGH3-13, and SbLBD32, were highly induced under all the four treatments,
IAA, BR, salt, and drought. The analysis provided new evidence for role of auxin in stress response, implied there are cross
talk between auxin, BR and abiotic stress signaling pathways. 相似文献
66.
67.
武汉东湖浮游病毒的丰度及多样性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
运用透射电镜及荧光显微技术 ,对富营养化的武汉东湖中浮游病毒丰度及多样性进行了研究。电镜观察和计数结果显示 ,东湖中浮游病毒的丰度达到 10 8个 /mL。荧光显微镜计数结果约是电镜计数结果的 2 72倍 ,差异极显著 (P <0 0 1)。在东湖超富营养区的水样中观察到了多种与各种病毒形态类似的颗粒 ,其中大部分与噬菌体和噬藻体类似 ,具多种形态的尾部和六边形头部。还有一些线状、杆状、子弹形等形态的病毒粒子。研究结果显示东湖水环境中的浮游病毒不仅丰度极高 ,而且种类丰富。提示浮游病毒在东湖水环境和水生态系统中可能扮演重要角色。 相似文献
68.
Min Lin Ying Zhao ShuQi Wang Ming Liu ZhenFeng Duan YongMei Chen Fei Li Feng Xu TianJian Lu 《Biotechnology advances》2012
Lanthanide (Ln)-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with appropriate surface modification can be used for a wide range of biomedical applications such as bio-detection, cancer therapy, bio-labeling, fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery. The upconversion phenomenon exhibited by Ln-doped UCNPs renders them tremendous advantages in biological applications over other types of fluorescent materials (e.g., organic dyes, fluorescent proteins, gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, and luminescent transition metal complexes) for: (i) enhanced tissue penetration depths achieved by near-infrared (NIR) excitation; (ii) improved stability against photobleaching, photoblinking and photochemical degradation; (iii) non-photodamaging to DNA/RNA due to lower excitation light energy; (iv) lower cytotoxicity; and (v) higher detection sensitivity. Ln-doped UCNPs are therefore attracting increasing attentions in recent years. In this review, we present recent advances in the synthesis of Ln-doped UCNPs and their surface modification, as well as their emerging applications in biomedicine. The future prospects of Ln-doped UCNPs for biomedical applications are also discussed. 相似文献
69.
单穗升麻的柱头和雌配子体发育及胚胎发生 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
单穗升麻的雌蕊群由1~5枚离生心皮组成。子房单室,4~9枚倒生胚珠,双珠被,厚珠心;大孢子四分体呈线形或T形排列,合点端一个具功能。胚囊发育为蓼型。成熟胚囊中3个单核反足细胞,胞质浓密,在球形胚时期尚能观察到其退化痕迹。极核融合早,次生核位于合点端。胚胎发生为柳叶菜型;核型胚乳。雄蕊凋谢后1~2天花柱顶端腹缝线周围出现乳突细胞,雄蕊凋谢后3~5天延长成柱头毛。讨论了单穗升麻与南川升麻柱头可授期与花粉生活力的差异对传粉效果和结籽率的显著影响。 相似文献
70.
Kimura H Kwan KM Zhang Z Deng JM Darnay BG Behringer RR Nakamura T de Crombrugghe B Akiyama H 《PloS one》2008,3(9):e3174