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21.
Toledo LF Brito SP Milsom WK Abe AS Andrade DV 《Physiological and biochemical zoology : PBZ》2008,81(2):158-164
Abstract This study examined how the standard metabolic rate of tegu lizards, a species that undergoes large ontogenetic changes in body weight with associated changes in life-history traits, is affected by changes in body mass, body temperature, season, and life-history traits. We measured rates of oxygen consumption (Vo(2)) in 90 individuals ranging in body mass from 10.4 g to 3.75 kg at three experimental temperatures (17 degrees , 25 degrees , and 30 degrees C) over the four seasons. We found that standard metabolic rate scaled to the power of 0.84 of body mass at all experimental temperatures in all seasons and that thermal sensitivity of metabolism was relatively low (Q(10) approximately 2.0-2.5) over the range from 17 degrees to 30 degrees C regardless of body size or season. Metabolic rates did vary seasonally, being higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter at the same temperatures, and this was true regardless of animal size. Finally, in this study, the changes in life-history traits that occurred ontogenetically were not accompanied by significant changes in metabolic rate. 相似文献
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Mallikarjun S Beelagi SR Santosh Kumar Uma Bharathi Indrabalan Sharanagouda S Patil Ashwini Prasad KP Suresh Shiva Prasad Kollur Veeresh Santhebennur Jayappa Siddappa B Kakkalameli Chandrashekar Srinivasa Prabhakarareddy Anapalli Venkataravana Chandan Shivamallu 《Bioinformation》2021,17(4):479
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus is one among the major zoonosis viral diseases that use the Hyalomma ticks as their transmission vector to cause viral infection to the human and mammalian community. The fatality of infectious is high across the world especially in Africa, Asia, Middle East, and Europe. This study regarding codon usage bias of S, M, and L segments of the CCHF virus pertaining to the host Homo sapiens, reveals in-depth information about the evolutionary characteristics of CCHFV. Relative Synonymous Codon Usage (RSCU), Effective number of codons (ENC) were calculated, to determine the codon usage pattern in each segment. Correlation analysis between Codon adaptation index (CAI), GRAVY (Hydrophobicity), AROMO (Aromaticity), and nucleotide composition revealed bias in the codon usage pattern. There was no strong codon bias found among any segments of the CCHF virus, indicating both the factors i.e., natural selection and mutational pressure shapes the codon usage bias. 相似文献
24.
Porteus C Hedrick MS Hicks JW Wang T Milsom WK 《Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology》2011,181(3):311-333
Over a decade has passed since Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) described and defined the time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in adult mammals. These time domains, however,
have yet to receive much attention in other vertebrate groups. The initial, acute HVR of fish, amphibians and reptiles serves
to minimize the imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. If the hypoxia is sustained, a suite of secondary adjustments
occur giving rise to a more long-term balance (acclimatization) that allows the behaviors of normal life. These secondary
responses can change over time as a function of the nature of the stimulus (the pattern and intensity of the hypoxic exposure).
To add to the complexity of this process, hypoxia can also lead to metabolic suppression (the hypoxic metabolic response)
and the magnitude of this is also time dependent. Unlike the original review of Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134,
1998) that only considered the HVR in adult animals, we also consider relevant developmental time points where information is
available. Finally, in amphibians and reptiles with incompletely divided hearts the magnitude of the ventilatory response
will be modulated by hypoxia-induced changes in intra-cardiac shunting that also improve the match between O2 supply and demand, and these too change in a time-dependent fashion. While the current literature on this topic is reviewed
here, it is noted that this area has received little attention. We attempt to redefine time domains in a more ‘holistic’ fashion
that better accommodates research on ectotherms. If we are to distinguish between the genetic, developmental and environmental
influences underlying the various ventilatory responses to hypoxia, however, we must design future experiments with time domains
in mind. 相似文献
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We investigated the prevalence and phenotypic variation of Candida species in oral lichen planus (OLP) and the therapeutic implications of our findings. Eighty patients with clinically and histopathologically confirmed cases of OLP (64 non-erosive, 16 erosive) and a control group of 80 healthy individuals with no predisposing factors for oral candidiasis were examined for evidence of Candida infection. Oral swabs and smears were obtained for cytology and culture. Identification, speciation and antifungal susceptibility tests of Candida isolates were performed using an automated microbial identification system. Fifty percent of erosive OLP cases, 28% of non-erosive cases and none of the controls showed evidence of Candida. Candida albicans was found predominantly in non-erosive OLP, while other Candida species were predominate in erosive OLP. Non-Candida albicans isolates (C. glabrata, C. krusei) were resistant to the commonly used antifungals, clotrimazole and fluconazole. Candida infection is common in cases of OLP. We recommend antifungal sensitivity testing prior to antifungal therapy for the erosive form of OLP. 相似文献
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Seventy-three patients were studied after ingesting a liquid glucose meal, tagged with 113Indium. Nineteen of these patients were awaiting surgery for their duodenal ulcer, while 54 were studied postoperatively, 25 of whom experienced troublesome postprandial (dumping) symptoms in their daily lives. The radioactive marker emptied significantly faster in the symptomatic patients than in the symptomfree, pre and post-operative groups (initial emptying rate 3.45 ± 0.23, compared with 1.16 ± 0.19 and 1.27 ± 0.15% fall in counts/min respectively; p < 0.01). Initial (20 min) rises in the plasma concentrations of neurotensin-like immunoreactivity measured during the test correlated significantly with the rate of gastric emptying in all patients, being greatest in patients with dumping symptoms. Physiological concentrations of neurotensin have been shown to delay gastric emptying. The excessive rise in plasma neurotensin-like immunoreactivity in patients with dumping symptoms, presumably occuring as a result of the rapid passage of nutrients to the neurotensin-rich ileum, may possibly have a compensatory role in slowing further emptying from the stomach. 相似文献
29.
Oswaldo Keith Okamoto Ana Carolina SR Carvalho Luciana C Marti Ricardo Z Vêncio Carlos A Moreira-Filho 《Cancer cell international》2007,7(1):11
Background
Uncovering the molecular mechanism underlying expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is critical to extend current therapeutic applications and to understand how its deregulation relates to leukemia. The characterization of genes commonly relevant to stem/progenitor cell expansion and tumor development should facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets in cancer. 相似文献30.