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71.
Cláudia P. Muniz Lian L. Troncoso Miguel A. Moreira Esmeralda A. Soares Alcides Pissinatti Cibele R. Bonvicino Héctor N. Seuánez Bechan Sharma Hongwei Jia Anupama Shankar William M. Switzer André F. Santos Marcelo A. Soares 《PloS one》2013,8(7)
Foamy viruses naturally infect a wide range of mammals, including Old World (OWP) and New World primates (NWP), which are collectively called simian foamy viruses (SFV). While NWP species in Central and South America are highly diverse, only SFV from captive marmoset, spider monkey, and squirrel monkey have been genetically characterized and the molecular epidemiology of SFV infection in NWPs remains unknown. We tested a large collection of genomic DNA (n = 332) comprising 14 genera of NWP species for the presence of SFV polymerase (pol) sequences using generic PCR primers. Further molecular characterization of positive samples was carried out by LTR-gag and larger pol sequence analysis. We identified novel SFVs infecting nine NWP genera. Prevalence rates varied between 14–30% in different species for which at least 10 specimens were tested. High SFV genetic diversity among NWP up to 50% in LTR-gag and 40% in pol was revealed by intragenus and intrafamilial comparisons. Two different SFV strains infecting two captive yellow-breasted capuchins did not group in species-specific lineages but rather clustered with SFVs from marmoset and spider monkeys, indicating independent cross-species transmission events. We describe the first SFV epidemiology study of NWP, and the first evidence of SFV infection in wild NWPs. We also document a wide distribution of distinct SFVs in 14 NWP genera, including two novel co-speciating SFVs in capuchins and howler monkeys, suggestive of an ancient evolutionary history in NWPs for at least 28 million years. A high SFV genetic diversity was seen among NWP, yet these viruses seem able to jump between NWP species and even genera. Our results raise concerns for the risk of zoonotic transmission of NWP SFV to humans as these primates are regularly hunted for food or kept as pets in forest regions of South America. 相似文献
72.
Federico Mas Rodrigo Forselledo Andrés Domingo Oscar Pin Pablo Troncoso Eugenia Errico Alejandro Marquez Sho Tanaka Simon Weigmann 《Journal of fish biology》2020,96(3):601-616
The Portuguese dogfish Centroscymnus coelolepis is a wide-ranging deep-water shark and a common by-catch component of the catches of several mid- to deep-water fisheries. In the present study, two new records from the south-western Atlantic Ocean are reported based on specimens caught by bottom-longline fishing vessels operating in the Argentinean–Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone. Species identification based on morphology and detailed morphometrics, as well as molecular data are presented for one of the specimens. The distribution of the species over the south-western Atlantic is discussed on the basis of the available bibliography and a thorough revision of museum collections. The records presented here expand the species' previously acknowledged distribution southwards, from around 21° S to at least 38° S, suggesting it occurs continuously along the shelf break of eastern South America. However, given the limited access to specimens of deep-water sharks in the region, the abundance and real extent of C. coelolepis distribution in the south-western Atlantic as well as its interaction with deep-water fisheries remain to be fully assessed. 相似文献
73.
Rodrigo Troncoso Felipe Paredes Valentina Parra Damián Gatica César Vásquez-Trincado Clara Quiroga 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2014,13(14):2281-2295
Glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone, enhance protein breakdown via ubiquitin–proteasome system. However, the role of autophagy in organelle and protein turnover in the glucocorticoid-dependent atrophy program remains unknown. Here, we show that dexamethasone stimulates an early activation of autophagy in L6 myotubes depending on protein kinase, AMPK, and glucocorticoid receptor activity. Dexamethasone increases expression of several autophagy genes, including ATG5, LC3, BECN1, and SQSTM1 and triggers AMPK-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation associated with increased DNM1L protein levels. This process is required for mitophagy induced by dexamethasone. Inhibition of mitochondrial fragmentation by Mdivi-1 results in disrupted dexamethasone-induced autophagy/mitophagy. Furthermore, Mdivi-1 increases the expression of genes associated with the atrophy program, suggesting that mitophagy may serve as part of the quality control process in dexamethasone-treated L6 myotubes. Collectively, these data suggest a novel role for dexamethasone-induced autophagy/mitophagy in the regulation of the muscle atrophy program. 相似文献
74.
Many environmental, physiological and genetic factors have been implicated in defective sperm function, the most common cause of infertility. In addition, sperm preparation techniques such as centrifugation, used prior to in vitro fertilization, are associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in the level of DNA damage. Factors that can offer spermatozoa protection are, therefore, of great importance. This study was designed to examine in vitro the effect of a Chilean propolis ethanolic extract on human spermatozoa treated with benzo[a]pyrene and exogenous reactive oxygen species. Our experimental evidence demonstrated that the natural drug under investigation is able to protect genomic DNA by damage induced by benzo[a]pyrene, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydrogen peroxide in combination with adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4), determining a significant reduction of the intracellular oxidants. An increase in membrane damage, measured by monitoring the formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release, was observed only in sperm treated with H2O2, ADP and FeSO4. The propolis extract was shown to possess the capacity to protect sperm membrane from the deleterious action of oxidative attack, reducing TBARS formation and LDH release. In summary, our results evidence that the protective effect exhibited by this natural compound in human spermatozoa is correlated, at least in part, to the antioxidant capacity of its active components, and suggest that propolis may have a role in protection against male infertility. 相似文献
75.
Romina Kohan María Noelia Carabelos Winnie Xin Katherine Sims Norberto Guelbert Inés Adriana Cismondi Patricia Pons Graciela Irene Alonso Mónica Troncoso Scarlet Witting David A. Pearce Raquel Dodelson de Kremer Ana María Oller-Ramírez Inés Noher de Halac 《Gene》2013
Tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 (TPP1) null or residual activity occurs in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) with underlying TPP1/CLN2 mutations. A survey of 25 South American CLN2 affected individuals enabled the differentiation of two phenotypes: classical late-infantile and variant juvenile, each in approximately 50% of patients, with residual TPP1 activity occurring in approximately 32%. Each individual was assigned to one of three subgroups: (I) n = 11, null TPP1 activity in leukocytes; (II) n = 8, residual TPP1 activity of 0.60–15.85 nmol/h/mg (nr 110–476); (III) n = 6, activity not measured in leukocytes. Curvilinear bodies (CB) appeared in almost all studied CLN2 subjects; the only exceptions occurred in cases of subgroup II: two individuals had combined CBs/fingerprints (FPs), and one case had pure FPs. There were 15 mutations (4 first published in this paper, 3 previously observed in South America by our group, and 8 previously observed by others). In subgroup I, mutations were either missense or nonsense; in subgroups II and III, mutations prevailed at the non-conserved intronic site, c.887 − 10A>G (intron 7), and to a lesser extent at c.89 + 5G>C (intron 2), in heterozygous combinations. Grouping phenotypically and genetically known individuals on the basis of TPP1 activity supported the concept that residual enzyme activity underlies a protracted disease course. The prevalence of intronic mutations at non-conserved sites in subgroup II individuals indicates that some alternative splicing might allow some residual TPP1 activity. 相似文献
76.
Pablo Aránguiz-UrrozJimena Canales Miguel CopajaRodrigo Troncoso Jose Miguel VicencioConstanza Carrillo Hernán LaraSergio Lavandero Guillermo Díaz-Araya 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2011,1812(1):23-31
Autophagy is a physiological degradative process key to cell survival during nutrient deprivation, cell differentiation and development. It plays a major role in the turnover of damaged macromolecules and organelles, and it has been involved in the pathogenesis of different cardiovascular diseases. Activation of the adrenergic system is commonly associated with cardiac fibrosis and remodeling, and cardiac fibroblasts are key players in these processes. Whether adrenergic stimulation modulates cardiac fibroblast autophagy remains unexplored. In the present study, we aimed at this question and evaluated the effects of b2-adrenergic stimulation upon autophagy. Cultured adult rat cardiac fibroblasts were treated with agonists or antagonists of beta-adrenergic receptors (b-AR), and autophagy was assessed by electron microscopy, GFP-LC3 subcellular distribution, and immunowesternblot of endogenous LC3. The predominant expression of b2-ARs was determined and characterized by radioligand binding assays using [3H]dihydroalprenolol. Both, isoproterenol and norepinephrine (non-selective b-AR agonists), as well as salbutamol (selective b2-AR agonist) increased autophagic flux, and these effects were blocked by propanolol (b-AR antagonist), ICI-118,551 (selective b2-AR antagonist), 3-methyladenine but not by atenolol (selective b1-AR antagonist). The increase in autophagy was correlated with an enhanced degradation of collagen, and this effect was abrogated by the inhibition of autophagic flux. Overall, our data suggest that b2-adrenergic stimulation triggers autophagy in cardiac fibroblasts, and that this response could contribute to reduce the deleterious effects of high adrenergic stimulation upon cardiac fibrosis. 相似文献
77.
78.
Early life stages of cephalopods are somewhat complex due to the life history strategy or species specificity of generalized
ontogenetic patterns and processes. This work aimed to determine the time length of embryonic development at different temperatures,
and if the egg size is a determinant of hatchling size in Sepiola atlantica d′Orbigny, 1839–1842. Successful hatching occurred in 98.5–100% of the eggs for each female. As seen in other coleoid cephalopods,
temperature determines the amount of time for embryonic development in S. atlantica, and the obtained data were very similar to other coleoid cephalopods. Developmental times for temperatures at 13 ± 0.4°C,
18 ± 0.3°C and 16.4 ± 1.1°C were 61.8 ± 3.8, 22.6 ± 1.7 and 40.1 ± 4.8 days. The duration of embryonic development and hatchling
mantle length was not strictly related. The egg volume was positively related to hatchling mantle length. Our results provide
new records on the duration of embryogenesis and other information on reproductive patterns in this species. Some hatching
and post-hatching behaviour are shown and discussed. 相似文献
79.
Marcelo Rodrigues Manuel E. Garcí Jesús S. Troncoso Ángel Guerra 《Helgoland Marine Research》2011,65(1):43-49
This study aimed to determine the spawning strategy in the Atlantic bobtail squid Sepiola atlantica, in order to add new information to the knowledge of its reproductive strategy. A total of 12 females that spawned in aquaria
were examined. Characteristics of the reproductive traits and egg clutches were similar to those of other known Sepiolidae.
Clutch size varied from 31 up to 115 eggs. Females of this species had incorporated up to 1.58 times of their body weight
into laid eggs. The size of laid eggs showed a positive correlation with maternal body size, supporting the idea that female
size is a determinant of egg size. Our data suggest that S. atlantica is an intermittent terminal spawner, and that its spawning strategy comprises group-synchronous ovary maturation, multiple egg laying, and deposition of egg clutches
in different locations. The obtained data provide insights for future comparative studies on reproductive allocation. 相似文献
80.
Cardiomyocyte death: mechanisms and translational implications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M Chiong Z V Wang Z Pedrozo D J Cao R Troncoso M Ibacache A Criollo A Nemchenko J A Hill S Lavandero 《Cell death & disease》2011,2(12):e244
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although treatments have improved, development of novel therapies for patients with CVD remains a major research goal. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy occur in cardiac myocytes, and both gradual and acute cell death are hallmarks of cardiac pathology, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, and ischemia/reperfusion. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy, apoptosis, or necrosis diminishes infarct size and improves cardiac function in these disorders. Here, we review recent progress in the fields of autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis. In addition, we highlight the involvement of these mechanisms in cardiac pathology and discuss potential translational implications. 相似文献