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71.
Consequences of Sphaeropsis tip blight disease for the phytohormone profile and antioxidative metabolism of its pine host
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![点击此处可从《Plant, cell & environment》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Bin Hu Hitoshi Sakakibara Mikiko Kojima Yumiko Takebayashi Johanna Bußkamp Gitta J. Langer Franziska S. Peters Jörg Schumacher Monika Eiblmeier Jürgen Kreuzwieser Heinz Rennenberg 《Plant, cell & environment》2018,41(4):737-754
Phytopathogenic fungi infections induce plant defence responses that mediate changes in metabolic and signalling processes with severe consequences for plant growth and development. Sphaeropsis tip blight, induced by the endophytic fungus Sphaeropsis sapinea that spreads from stem tissues to the needles, is the most widespread disease of conifer forests causing dramatic economic losses. However, metabolic consequences of this disease on bark and wood tissues of its host are largely unexplored. Here, we show that diseased host pines experience tissue dehydration in both bark and wood. Increased cytokinin and declined indole‐3‐acetic acid levels were observed in both tissues and increased jasmonic acid and abscisic acid levels exclusively in the wood. Increased lignin contents at the expense of holo‐cellulose with declined structural biomass of the wood reflect cell wall fortification by S. sapinea infection. These changes are consistent with H2O2 accumulation in the wood, required for lignin polymerization. Accumulation of H2O2 was associated with more oxidized redox states of glutathione and ascorbate pools. These findings indicate that S. sapinea affects both phytohormone signalling and the antioxidative defence system in stem tissues of its pine host during the infection process. 相似文献
72.
Temporal and spatial changes in gene expression,metabolite accumulation and phytohormone content in rice seedlings grown under drought stress conditions
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![点击此处可从《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Daisuke Todaka Yu Zhao Takuya Yoshida Madoka Kudo Satoshi Kidokoro Junya Mizoi Ken‐Suke Kodaira Yumiko Takebayashi Mikiko Kojima Hitoshi Sakakibara Kiminori Toyooka Mayuko Sato Alisdair R. Fernie Kazuo Shinozaki Kazuko Yamaguchi‐Shinozaki 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2017,90(1):61-78
73.
Crystal structural characterization reveals novel oligomeric interactions of human voltage‐dependent anion channel 1
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![点击此处可从《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Toshiaki Hosaka Masateru Okazaki Tomomi Kimura‐Someya Yoshiko Ishizuka‐Katsura Kaori Ito Shigeyuki Yokoyama Kosuke Dodo Mikiko Sodeoka Mikako Shirouzu 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2017,26(9):1749-1758
Voltage‐dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), which is located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, plays important roles in various cellular processes. For example, oligomerization of VDAC1 is involved in the release of cytochrome c to the cytoplasm, leading to apoptosis. However, it is unknown how VDAC1 oligomerization occurs in the membrane. In the present study, we determined high‐resolution crystal structures of oligomeric human VDAC1 (hVDAC1) prepared by using an Escherichia coli cell‐free protein synthesis system, which avoided the need for denaturation and refolding of the protein. Broad‐range screening using a bicelle crystallization method produced crystals in space groups C222 and P22121, which diffracted to a resolution of 3.10 and 3.15 Å, respectively. Each crystal contained two hVDAC1 protomers in the asymmetric unit. Dimer within the asymmetrical unit of the crystal in space group C222 were oriented parallel, whereas those of the crystal in space group P22121 were oriented anti‐parallel. From a model of the crystal in space group C222, which we constructed by using crystal symmetry operators, a heptameric structure with eight patterns of interaction between protomers, including hydrophobic interactions with β‐strands, hydrophilic interactions with loop regions, and protein–lipid interactions, was observed. It is possible that by having multiple patterns of interaction, VDAC1 can form homo‐ or hetero‐oligomers not only with other VDAC1 protomers but also with other proteins such as VDAC2, VDAC3 and apoptosis‐regulating proteins in the Bcl‐2 family. 相似文献
74.
In this study, we proposed a culture method for forming embryoid bodies (EBs) from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells using a
round-bottom 96-well polystyrene plate coated with 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC plate). MPC is a phospholipid
biocompatible polymer and prevents cells from adhering to the culture surface. The ES cells were seeded at 1000 cells per
well in the MPC plate with 200 μl of medium. After 5 days of static incubation, a spherical cell aggregate termed EB was formed
in a well. The size (diameter) of resulting EB was approximately 550 μm and it contained approx. 22,000 cells. It seems that
the non-adhesiveness and the roundness of the well are important factors to form a good EB. Transferring the EBs to the attached
differentiation culture, the EBs spread out and flattened, and the beating cells (cardiomyocytes) were effectively generated
in the outgrowth of EBs. The round-bottom 96-well polystyrene plate coated with MPC is an effective tool for EB formation. 相似文献
75.
Min Wei Tadashi Yokoyama Kiwamu Minamisawa Hisayuki Mitsui Manabu Itakura Takakazu Kaneko Satoshi Tabata Kazuhiko Saeki Hirofumi Omori Shigeyuki Tajima Toshiki Uchiumi Mikiko Abe Takuji Ohwada 《DNA research》2008,15(4):201-214
Initial interaction between rhizobia and legumes actually starts via encounters of both partners in the rhizosphere. In this study, the global expression profiles of Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110 in response to soybean (Glycine max) seed extracts (SSE) and genistein, a major soybean-released isoflavone for nod genes induction of B. japonicum, were compared. SSE induced many genomic loci as compared with genistein (5.0 µM), nevertheless SSE-supplemented medium contained 4.7 µM genistein. SSE markedly induced four predominant genomic regions within a large symbiosis island (681 kb), which include tts genes (type III secretion system) and various nod genes. In addition, SSE-treated cells expressed many genomic loci containing genes for polygalacturonase (cell-wall degradation), exopolysaccharide synthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, ribosome proteins family and energy metabolism even outside symbiosis island. On the other hand, genistein-treated cells exclusively showed one expression cluster including common nod gene operon within symbiosis island and six expression loci including multidrug resistance, which were shared with SSE-treated cells. Twelve putatively regulated genes were indeed validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Several SSE-induced genomic loci likely participate in the initial interaction with legumes. Thus, these results can provide a basic knowledge for screening novel genes relevant to the B. japonicum- soybean symbiosis.Key words: soybean seed extracts, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, expression clusters, genistein, symbiosis 相似文献
76.
77.
Functional involvement of Tudor and dPRMT5 in the piRNA processing pathway in Drosophila germlines
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![点击此处可从《The EMBO journal》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Kazumichi M Nishida Tomoko N Okada Takeshi Kawamura Toutai Mituyama Yoshinori Kawamura Sachi Inagaki Haidong Huang Dahua Chen Tatsuhiko Kodama Haruhiko Siomi Mikiko C Siomi 《The EMBO journal》2009,28(24):3820-3831
In Drosophila, the PIWI proteins, Aubergine (Aub), AGO3, and Piwi are expressed in germlines and function in silencing transposons by associating with PIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Recent studies show that PIWI proteins contain symmetric dimethyl‐arginines (sDMAs) and that dPRMT5/Capsuleen/DART5 is the modifying enzyme. Here, we show that Tudor (Tud), one of Tud domain‐containing proteins, associates with Aub and AGO3, specifically through their sDMA modifications and that these three proteins form heteromeric complexes. piRNA precursor‐like molecules are detected in these complexes. The expression levels of Aub and AGO3, along with their degree of sDMA modification, were not changed by tud mutations. However, the population of transposon‐derived piRNAs associated with Aub and AGO3 was altered by tud mutations, whereas the total amounts of small RNAs on Aub and AGO3 was increased. Loss of dprmt5 did not change the stability of Aub, but impaired its association with Tud and lowered piRNA association with Aub. Thus, in germline cells, piRNAs are quality‐controlled by dPRMT5 that modifies PIWI proteins, in tight association with Tud. 相似文献
78.
Kondou Y Higuchi M Takahashi S Sakurai T Ichikawa T Kuroda H Yoshizumi T Tsumoto Y Horii Y Kawashima M Hasegawa Y Kuriyama T Matsui K Kusano M Albinsky D Takahashi H Nakamura Y Suzuki M Sakakibara H Kojima M Akiyama K Kurotani A Seki M Fujita M Enju A Yokotani N Saitou T Ashidate K Fujimoto N Ishikawa Y Mori Y Nanba R Takata K Uno K Sugano S Natsuki J Dubouzet JG Maeda S Ohtake M Mori M Oda K Takatsuji H Hirochika H Matsui M 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2009,57(5):883-894
Ectopic gene expression, or the gain-of-function approach, has the advantage that once the function of a gene is known the gene can be transferred to many different plants by transformation. We previously reported a method, called FOX hunting, that involves ectopic expression of Arabidopsis full-length cDNAs in Arabidopsis to systematically generate gain-of-function mutants. This technology is most beneficial for generating a heterologous gene resource for analysis of useful plant gene functions. As an initial model we generated more than 23 000 independent Arabidopsis transgenic lines that expressed rice fl-cDNAs (Rice FOX Arabidopsis lines). The short generation time and rapid and efficient transformation frequency of Arabidopsis enabled the functions of the rice genes to be analyzed rapidly. We screened rice FOX Arabidopsis lines for alterations in morphology, photosynthesis, element accumulation, pigment accumulation, hormone profiles, secondary metabolites, pathogen resistance, salt tolerance, UV signaling, high light tolerance, and heat stress tolerance. Some of the mutant phenotypes displayed by rice FOX Arabidopsis lines resulted from the expression of rice genes that had no homologs in Arabidopsis . This result demonstrated that rice fl-cDNAs could be used to introduce new gene functions in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, these findings showed that rice gene function could be analyzed by employing Arabidopsis as a heterologous host. This technology provides a framework for the analysis of plant gene function in a heterologous host and of plant improvement by using heterologous gene resources. 相似文献
79.
Taiji Kawakatsu Graziana Taramino Jun-Ichi Itoh Justin Allen Yutaka Sato Soon-Kwan Hong Ryan Yule Nobuhiro Nagasawa Mikiko Kojima Makoto Kusaba Hitoshi Sakakibara Hajime Sakai Yasuo Nagato 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2009,58(6):1028-1040
Most aerial parts of the plant body are products of the continuous activity of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Leaves are the major component of the aerial plant body, and their temporal and spatial distribution mainly determines shoot architecture. Here we report the identification of the rice gene PLASTOCHRON3 ( PLA3 )/ GOLIATH ( GO ) that regulates various developmental processes including the rate of leaf initiation (the plastochron). PLA3 / GO encodes a glutamate carboxypeptidase, which is thought to catabolize small acidic peptides and produce small signaling molecules. pla3 exhibits similar phenotypes to pla1 and pla2 – a shortened plastochron, precocious leaf maturation and rachis branch-to-shoot conversion in the reproductive phase. However, in contrast to pla1 and pla2 , pla3 showed pleiotropic phenotypes including enlarged embryo, seed vivipary, defects in SAM maintenance and aberrant leaf morphology. Consistent with these pleiotropic phenotypes, PLA3 is expressed in the whole plant body, and is involved in plant hormone homeostasis. Double mutant analysis revealed that PLA1 , PLA2 and PLA3 are regulated independently but function redundantly. Our results suggest that PLA3 modulates various signaling pathways associated with a number of developmental processes. 相似文献
80.
Satoru Ito Yukari Hirata Yasushi Nagatomi Atsushi Satoh Gentaroh Suzuki Toshifumi Kimura Akio Satow Shunsuke Maehara Hirohiko Hikichi Mikiko Hata Hisashi Ohta Hiroshi Kawamoto 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2009,19(18):5310-5313
We describe here the discovery and biological profile of a series of isoindolinone derivatives as developed mGluR1 antagonists. Our combined strategy of rapid parallel synthesis and conventional medicinal optimization successfully led to N-cyclopropyl 22 and N-isopropyl isoindolinone analogs 21 and 23 with improved in vivo DMPK profiles. Moreover the most advanced analog 23 showed an oral antipsychotic-like effect at a dose of 1 mg/kg in an animal model. 相似文献