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11.
12.
Uncharged poly(Nε-methyl-L -lysine) (PMLL) and its isomer, poly(Nδ-ethyl-L -ornithine) (PELO), in alkaline solution (pH ca. 12) undergo a helix-to-β transition upon mild heating at 50°C or higher in a manner similar to that of poly(L -lysine) (PLL). The rate of conversion follows the order: PMLL < PELO < PLL. The helix can be regenerated upon cooling near zero degrees, for instance, after more than 12 hr at 2°C. At concentrations less than 0.02% the β form is intramolecular, but at higher concentrations both intra- and intermolecular β forms are generated. Poly(Nδ-methyl-L -ornithine) (PMLO), an isomer of PLL, behaves like poly(L -ornithine); uncharged PMLO in alkaline solution is partially helical and becomes disordered at elevated temperatures. 相似文献
13.
Sixteen enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins of the pigeon Columba livia domestica were examined electrophoretically. These proteins were presumed to be under control by 22 loci. Of the 22 loci, 6 were defined as polymorphic and 15 as monomorphic. Another locus was variable, but the variation was not genetically interpretable. Average heterozygosity calculated over 21 loci was 0.075. 相似文献
14.
K Yoshida T Sakurada H Kitaoka H Fukazawa N Kaise K Kaise M Yamamoto S Saito K Yoshinaga 《Endocrinologia japonica》1983,30(2):211-217
Monodeiodination of T4 to T3 and rT3 in the intact cells of dog renal tubuli and glomeruli was investigated. The tubuli and glomeruli were obtained by a sieve method. T4 (2 micrograms/ml) was incubated in Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.5, with renal cells (180 micrograms protein/ml) and 5 mM DTT for 1 h at 37 degrees C and the T3 and rT3 generated during incubation were measured by specific radioimmunoassays. In order of decreasing activity, dog renal cortical tubuli, cortical homogenate, glomeruli and medullary tubuli were capable of converting T4 to T3. Net rT3 production from T4 in cortical tubuli was also greater than that in cortical homogenate. The conversion of T4 to T3 and also to rT3 in cortical tubuli was enzymatic in nature, since the reactions showed dependence on time and protein concentration; instability to heating; temperature and pH optimum. The production of T3 and rT3 from T4 was maximum at pH 6.5 and at pH 9.5, respectively, indicating that two different enzymic systems, a 5- and a 5'-monodeiodinase, might be involved in the deiodination of the tyrosyl and the phenolic ring of T4 in dog kidney. 相似文献
15.
Human skeletal muscle contains two major aminopeptidases: an anion-activated aminopeptidase B and an aminopeptidase M-like enzyme 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S Ishiura T Yamamoto M Yamamoto M Nojima T Aoyagi H Sugita 《Journal of biochemistry》1987,102(5):1023-1031
Two major aminopeptidases, an aminopeptidase B and an aminopeptidase M-like enzyme, were purified from human skeletal muscle by DEAE-cellulose, HPLC gel filtration, and hydroxyapatite column chromatographies. The purified aminopeptidase B exhibits a molecular weight of 76,000 under both native and denaturing conditions. The activity of the aminopeptidase B is regulated by C1 ions and other anions in vitro. On the other hand, the aminopeptidase M-like enzyme is a monomeric protein having a molecular weight of 96,000. It is capable of significantly cleaving Phe-, Leu-, Arg-, and Ala-aminoacyl bonds in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. The pH optima for both enzymes are around 7.0, and bestatin is an effective inhibitor of both enzymes. 相似文献
16.
Hirotaka Yamamoto Hidehiko Konno Teiji Yamamoto Kitae Ito Michinao Mizugaki Yuzo Iwasaki 《Journal of neurochemistry》1987,49(2):603-609
Glutamine synthetase (GS) isolated from human brain formed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel with a molecular weight of 44,000. The enzyme had a specific activity of 179.2 U/mg protein when assayed by measuring the rate of the formation of gamma-glutamylhydroxamate using hydroxylamine as a substrate. In the presence of manganese ions, the relative activity of human brain GS was much lower than that of the sheep brain enzyme. The suppression of activity by increasing the ADP concentration, however, was less marked in the human enzyme than that in the sheep enzyme. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against the purified enzyme. The double-immunodiffusion technique disclosed cross-reactivities among GSs isolated from human, sheep, and rat brains, but the enzymes were not immunologically identical. Immunohistochemically, GS was localized in the cytoplasm of astrocytes in the human and rat brains and in pericentral hepatocytes of the liver. 相似文献
17.
Detection of lipid hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide at picomole levels by an HPLC and isoluminol chemiluminescence assay 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
An isoluminol assay is utilized for the detection of hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxides in biological samples. The combination of this assay as a post-column detection for HPLC avoids interference of antioxidants and enables characterization of hydroperoxides at picomole levels. Two useful HPLC conditions for the separation of hydrogen peroxide, lipid hydroperoxides, antioxidants, and unoxidized lipids are described. 相似文献
18.
19.
Conformational change of bovine serum albumin by heat treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kunio Takeda Akira Wada Kazuo Yamamoto Yoshiko Moriyama Koichiro Aoki 《Journal of Protein Chemistry》1989,8(5):653-659
The thermal denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied at pH 2.8 and 7.0 in the range of 2–65°C. The relative proportions of -helix, -structure, and disordered structure in the protein conformation were determined as a function of temperature, by the curve-fitting method of circular dichroism spectra. With the rise of temperature at pH 7.0, the proportion of -helix decreased above 30°C and those of -structure and disordered structure increased in the same temperature range. The structural change was reversible in the temperature range below 45°C. However, the structural change was partially reversible upon cooling to room temperature subsequent to heating at 65°C. On the other hand, the structural change of BSA at pH 2.3 was completely reversible in the temperature range of 2–65°C, probably because the interactions between domains and between subdomains might disappear due to the acid expansion. The secondary structure of disulfide bridges-cleaved BSA remained unchanged during the heat treatment up to 65°C at pH 2.8 and 7.0. 相似文献
20.
The effects of hypophysectomy and gonadotropin replacement on transepithelial movement of 3H-androgen in the rat epididymis were examined by in vivo microperifusion of 3H-testosterone followed by in vivo micropuncture to obtain peritubular and intraluminal fluid. In the caput epididymidis of normal rats, intraluminal 3H-androgen concentrations were approximately 300% of those in the interstitial space. In contrast, proluminal movement of 3H-androgen into rat caput epididymal tubules was significantly decreased 10 days after hypophysectomy. 3H-Testosterone movement across the caput epididymal epithelium was completely returned to normal by supplementation with 24 micrograms/day follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or 24 micrograms/day luteinizing hormone (LH). However, neither 0.12 micrograms/day FSH nor 250 micrograms/day prolactin returned proluminal androgen movement to normal. It is speculated that epididymal uptake of peritubular testosterone is mediated by androgen-binding protein, which is known to be secreted by Sertoli cells after stimulation by FSH or testosterone. 相似文献