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941.
Cristina Momblona Maria‐Grazia La‐Placa Pablo P. Boix Michele Sessolo Henk J. Bolink 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(14)
Hybrid lead halide perovskites are promising materials for future photovoltaics applications. Their spectral response can be readily tuned by controlling the halide composition, while their stability is strongly dependent on the film morphology and on the type of organic cation used. Mixed cation and mixed halide systems have led to the most efficient and stable perovskite solar cells reported, so far they are prepared exclusively by solution‐processing. This might be due to the technical difficulties associated with the vacuum deposition from multiple thermal sources, requiring a high level of control over the deposition rate of each precursor during the film formation. In this report, thermal vacuum deposition with multiple sources (3 and 4) is used to prepare for the first time, multications/anions perovskite compounds. These thin‐film absorbers are implemented into fully vacuum deposited solar cells using doped organic semiconductors. A maximum power conversion efficiency of 16% is obtained, with promising device stability. The importance of the control over the film morphology is highlighted, which differs substantially when these compounds are vacuum processed. Avenues to improve the morphology and hence the performance of fully vacuum processed multications/anions perovskite solar cells are proposed. 相似文献
942.
Muna J. Tahir Karin B. Michels Walter C. Willett Michele R. Forman 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2018,26(10):1611-1618
Objective
This study aimed to examine the association between age at solid food (SF) introduction and obesity throughout the life course.Methods
Among 31,816 mother– nurse daughter dyads in the Nurses' Mothers' Cohort Study and the Nurses' Health Study II, information was collected on age at SF introduction, body somatotype at ages 5 and 10, and Body Mass Index at age 18 and in adulthood. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for obesity throughout life were estimated using logistic regression models with adjustment for parental and nurse daughter covariates.Results
Nurse daughters introduced to SF at ≥ 9 months versus 6 to 9 months had marginally higher age‐adjusted (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47) and covariate‐adjusted (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47) odds of obesity at age 5. Age at SF introduction was not related to obesity at ages 10 and 18 or in adulthood.Conclusions
Late age at SF introduction was marginally associated with obesity at age 5, but this association did not persist throughout the life course. 相似文献943.
Anastasia Desyatova Jason MacTaggart Rodrigo Romarowski William Poulson Michele Conti Alexey Kamenskiy 《Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology》2018,17(1):181-189
Femoropopliteal artery (FPA) reconstructions are notorious for poor clinical outcomes. Mechanical and flow conditions that occur in the FPA with limb flexion are thought to play a significant role, but are poorly characterized. FPA deformations due to acute limb flexion were quantified using a human cadaver model and used to build a finite element model that simulated surrounding tissue forces associated with limb flexion-induced deformations. Strains and intramural principal mechanical stresses were determined for seven age groups. Computational fluid dynamics analysis was performed to assess hemodynamic variables. FPA shape, stresses, and hemodynamics significantly changed with age. Younger arteries assumed straighter positions in the flexed limb with less pronounced bends and more uniform stress distribution along the length of the artery. Even in the flexed limb posture, FPAs younger than 50 years of age experienced tension, while older FPAs experienced compression. Aging resulted in localization of principal mechanical stresses to the adductor hiatus and popliteal artery below the knee that are typically prone to developing vascular pathology. Maximum principal stresses in these areas increased threefold to fivefold with age with largest increase observed at the adductor hiatus. Atheroprotective wall shear stress reduced after 35 years of age, and atheroprone and oscillatory shear stresses increased after the age of 50. These data can help better understand FPA pathophysiology and can inform the design of targeted materials and devices for peripheral arterial disease treatments. 相似文献
944.
Paula Fonseca Finger Michele Soares Pepe Luana Alves Dummer Carolina Georg Magalhães Clarissa Caetano de Castro Silvia de Oliveira Hübner Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite Giseli Aparecida Ritterbusch Paulo Augusto Esteves Fabricio Rochedo Conceição 《Virology journal》2018,15(1):189
Background
The avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) remains a significant source of loss in the poultry industry and early diagnosis is required to prevent the disease from spreading. This study examined the combined use of an ELISA and Western blot (WB) to detect antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein (N) of IBV. The coding sequence for N was amplified by RT-PCR and expressed in Escherichia coli. A soluble recombinant N protein (rN) of approximately 50?kDa was obtained. A total of 389 sera were tested against the rN in ELISA and the results were compared with those of the commercial IDEXX IBV Ab test. ELISA-rN achieved a 90.34% sensitivity and 90.16% specificity. WB confirmed all false negative sera in ELISA-rN or IDEXX test as truly positive. The current study indicate that the combined use of rN in ELISA and WB is a powerful tool for the immunodiagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis.Methods
Constructed recombinant pAE/n expression vectors were used to transform E. coli BL21(DE3) Star competent cells (Invitrogen). The rN of infectious bronchitis virus was purified by affinity chromatography using HisTrap HP 1?mL columns pre-packed with pre-charged Ni Sepharose in the ÄKTAprime Automated Liquid Chromatography system (GE Healthcare). A total of 389 serum samples from chickens were used to develop and evaluate the ELISA-rN test. To standardize the indirect ELISA development, serum dilutions (1:100, 1:200 and 1:400) and different concentrations of purified rN antigen (50, 100 and 200?ng/well) were tested. Positive and negative sera for IBV were used as controls. The results were compared with those obtained from a commercial kit. Serum samples scored as negative with the commercial kit but as positive with the ELISA-rN were further analysed by Western blot analyses using the rN protein as an antigen. The results of the ELISA-rN were compared to the commercial kit results using receiver-operating characteristics curves, area under the curve, and confidence intervals with the software GraphPad Prism version 6.0 for Windows (GraphPad Software, USA).Results
The expected cDNA fragment of approximately 1240?bp was successfully amplified by PCR using primers designed to select for the coding region of the N protein. The rN was expressed as a soluble protein to avoid the refolding steps and, after purification a yield of 10?mg/L of rN was obtained. The SDS-PAGE results demonstrated the presence of two distinct bands that had a molecular mass of approximately 45 and 50 KDa. Out of 244 sera that scored positive in the commercial ELISA IDEXX IBV Ab Test, 220 were also positive in the ELISA-rN, yielding an ELISA-rN test sensitivity of 90.16%. Out of 145 sera that scored negative in the IDEXX IBV Ab Test, 131 also scored negative in the ELISA-rN, indicating a specificity of 90.34%. Sera that tested negative in the ELISA-rN and positive in the commercial test also reacted with the rN protein in Western blot.Conclusions
The association between the ELISA and Western blot techniques developed in this study with a subunit of IBV (rN) were able to detect antibodies that the commercial ELISA did not detect suggesting that the ELISA-rN has greater sensitivity.945.
Diana M. Mitrea Bappaditya Chandra Mylene C. Ferrolino Eric B. Gibbs Michele Tolbert Michael R. White Richard W. Kriwacki 《Journal of molecular biology》2018,430(23):4773-4805
Membrane-less organelles are cellular structures which arise through the phenomenon of phase separation. This process enables compartmentalization of specific sets of macromolecules (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids), thereby regulating cellular processes by increasing local concentration, and modulating the structure and dynamics of their constituents. Understanding the connection between structure, material properties and function of membrane-less organelles requires inter-disciplinary approaches, which address length and timescales that span several orders of magnitude (e.g., Ångstroms to micrometer, picoseconds to hours). In this review, we discuss the wide variety of methods that have been applied to characterize the morphology, rheology, structure and dynamics of membrane-less organelles and their components, in vitro and in live cells. 相似文献
946.
Alessandra Bitto Natasha Irrera Gabriele Pizzino Giovanni Pallio Federica Mannino Mario Vaccaro Vincenzo Arcoraci Federica Aliquò Letteria Minutoli Michele R. Colonna Maria Rosaria Galeano Michael Brines Chiara De Ponte Massimo Collino Francesco Squadrito Domenica Altavilla 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2018,1864(2):632-639
Diabetes is characterized by poor wound healing which currently lacks an efficacious treatment. The innate repair receptor (IRR) is a master regulator of tissue protection and repair which is expressed as a response injury or metabolic stress, including in diabetes. Activation of the IRR might provide benefit for diabetic wound healing. A specific IRR agonist cibinetide was administered in an incisional wound healing model performed mice with genetic diabetes (db+/db+) and compared to the normal wild-type. Animals were treated daily with cibinetide (30 μg/kg/s.c.) or vehicle and euthanized 3, 7, and 14 days after the injury to quantitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), malondialdehyde (MAL), phospho-Akt (pAkt), phospho e-NOS (p-eNOS), and nitrite/nitrate content within the wound. Additional evaluations included quantification of skin histological change, angiogenesis, scar strength, and time to complete wound closure. Throughout the wound healing process diabetic animals treated with vehicle exhibited increased wound MAL with reduced VEGF, pAkt, peNOS and nitrite/nitrate, all associated with poor re-epitheliziation, angiogenesis, and wound breaking strength. Cibenitide administration significantly improved these abnormalities. The results suggest that cibinetide-mediated IRR activation may represent an interesting strategy to treat diabetes-associated wound healing. 相似文献
947.
Marco Carbone Laura Cristoferi Paolo Angelo Cortesi Matteo Rota Antonio Ciaccio Stefano Okolicsanyi Marta Gemma Luciana Scalone Giancarlo Cesana Luca Fabris Michele Colledan Stefano Fagiuoli Gaetano Ideo Luca Saverio Belli Luca Maria Munari Lorenzo Mantovani Mario Strazzabosco 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2018,1864(4):1415-1422
Background
Autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis represent the three major autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs). Their management is highly specialized, requires a multidisciplinary approach and often relies on expensive, orphan drugs. Unfortunately, their treatment is often unsatisfactory, and the care pathway heterogeneous across different centers. Disease-specific clinical outcome indicators (COIs) able to evaluate the whole cycle of care are needed to assist both clinicians and administrators in improving quality and value of care. Aim of our study was to generate a set of COIs for the three AILDs. We then prospectively validated these indicators based on a series of consecutive patients recruited at three tertiary clinical centers in Lombardy, Italy.Methods
In phase I using a Delphi method and a RAND 9-point appropriateness scale a set of COIs was generated. In phase II the indicators were applied in a real-life dataset.Results
Two-hundred fourteen patients were enrolled and followed-up for a median time of 54 months and the above COIs were recorded using a web-based electronic medical record program. The COIs were easy to collect in the clinical practice environment and their values compared well with the available natural history studies.Conclusions
We have generated a comprehensive set of COIs which sequentially capture different clinical outcome of the three AILDs explored. These indicators represent a critical tool to implement a value-based approach to patients with these conditions, to monitor, compare and improve quality through benchmarking of clinical performance and to assess the significance of novel drugs and technologies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cholangiocytes in Health and Diseaseedited by Jesus Banales, Marco Marzioni, Nicholas LaRusso and Peter Jansen. 相似文献948.
949.
Grapevine field experiments reveal the contribution of genotype,the influence of environment and the effect of their interaction (G×E) on the berry transcriptome
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Silvia Dal Santo Sara Zenoni Marco Sandri Gabriella De Lorenzis Gabriele Magris Emanuele De Paoli Gabriele Di Gaspero Cristian Del Fabbro Michele Morgante Lucio Brancadoro Daniele Grossi Marianna Fasoli Paola Zuccolotto Giovanni Battista Tornielli Mario Pezzotti 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2018,93(6):1143-1159
950.
Yong-Jin Wu Jason Guernon Andrea McClure Brian Venables Ramkumar Rajamani Kevin J. Robbins Ronald J. Knox Michele Matchett Rick L. Pieschl James Herrington Linda J. Bristow Nicholas A. Meanwell Richard Olson Lorin A. Thompson Carolyn Dzierba 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2018,28(5):958-962
Replacement of the piperidine ring in the lead benzenesulfonamide Nav1.7 inhibitor 1 with a weakly basic morpholine core resulted in a significant reduction in Nav1.7 inhibitory activity, but the activity was restored by shortening the linkage from methyleneoxy to oxygen. These efforts led to a series of morpholine-based aryl sulfonamides as isoform-selective Nav1.7 inhibitors. This report describes the synthesis and SAR of these analogs. 相似文献