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Hydrobiologia - To observe effects on the phosphorus retention mechanisms of a lake after re-colonisation by macrophytes, Potamogeton crispus L. and Elodea canadensis Michx. were planted in lab... 相似文献
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Nia J. Bryant Robert C. Piper Lois S. Weisman Tom H. Stevens 《The Journal of cell biology》1998,142(3):651-663
A large number of trafficking steps occur between the last compartment of the Golgi apparatus (TGN) and the vacuole of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To date, two intracellular routes from the TGN to the vacuole have been identified. Carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) travels through a prevacuolar/endosomal compartment (PVC), and subsequently on to the vacuole, while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) bypasses this compartment to reach the same organelle. Proteins resident to the TGN achieve their localization despite a continuous flux of traffic by continually being retrieved from the distal PVC by virtue of an aromatic amino acid–containing sorting motif. In this study we report that a hybrid protein based on ALP and containing this retrieval motif reaches the PVC not by following the CPY sorting pathway, but instead by signal-dependent retrograde transport from the vacuole, an organelle previously thought of as a terminal compartment. In addition, we show that a mutation in VAC7, a gene previously identified as being required for vacuolar inheritance, blocks this trafficking step. Finally we show that Vti1p, a v-SNARE required for the delivery of both CPY and ALP to the vacuole, uses retrograde transport out of the vacuole as part of its normal cellular itinerary. 相似文献
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The heart is one of the least regenerative organs in the body, and highly vulnerable to the increasing incidence of cardiovascular diseases in an aging world population. Cell-based approaches aimed at cardiac repair have recently caused great public excitement. But clinical trials of patients’ own skeletal myoblasts or bone marrow cells for transplantation have been disappointing. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) form bona fide cardiomyocytes in vitro which are readily generated in mass culture and are being tested in animal models of heart damage. The early results, while encouraging, underscore that much remains to be done. This review focuses on the many challenges that remain before hESCs-mediated repair of the human heart becomes a reality. 相似文献
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Expanded thermal niche for a diving vertebrate: A leatherback turtle diving into near-freezing water
Michael C. James Graeme C. Hays 《Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology》2006,335(2):221-226
The global distribution of extant reptiles is more limited than that of mammals or birds, with low reptilian species diversity at high latitudes. Central to this limited geographical distribution is the ectothermic nature of reptiles, which means that they generally become torpid at cold temperatures. However, here we report the first detailed telemetry from a leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) diving in cold water at high latitude. An individual equipped with a satellite tag that relayed temperature-depth profiles dived continuously for many weeks into sub-surface waters as cold as 0.4 °C. Global warming will likely increase the foraging range of leatherback turtles further into temperate and boreal waters. 相似文献