东北山地水生鞘翅目昆虫多样性的比较研究

调查了东北长白山自然保护区及辽宁省医巫闾山两地静水水体中水生甲虫．结果表明,长白山阔叶红松林生态系统水生甲虫比辽宁医巫闾山农林复合生态系统水生甲虫物种丰富的多．长白山水生甲虫共有１７个属２９个种,而辽宁医巫闾山水生甲虫只有１０个属１３个种．两地水生甲虫Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ多样性指数分别为２．１２４、１．６４３,Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ均匀度分别为１．２６０、０．６４１,两种不同生态系统中的水生甲虫物种多度分布较好地拟合于对数级数模型,均以少数物种为优势种,其中长白山自然保护区水生甲虫以Ｈｙｄｒｏｇｌｙｐｈｕｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ、Ｈａｌｉｐｌｕｓｓｉｍｐｌｅｘ为优势种,辽宁医巫闾山水生甲虫则以Ｈｙｄｒｏｇｌｙｐｈｕｓｐｕｓｉｌｕｓ、Ａｇａｂｕｓｕｓｕｒｉｅｎｓｉｓ、Ａｇａｂｕｓｂｒａｎｄｔｉ占优势．     

中国河南两株庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）NS5区部分cDNA的克隆与序列分析

通过逆转录－聚合酶链反应从我国河南省２例重叠感染ＨＣＶ或ＨＢＶ／ＨＤＶ的献血啼中,分离到ＨＢＶＮＳ５区的部分ｃＤＮＡ,对其进行序列分析比较,结果表明,河南株ＨＧＶＮＳ５工核苷酸与两中国ＨＧＶ主同源性高于国外代表株（８８．５－９０．６％）,但由核苷酸推导的氨基酸的同源性都无明显的地区性区别。ＨＧＶＮＳ５区氨基酸序列较保守,缺乏明显高变区,中国４株ＨＧＶ在７３８４位发生了由Ｃ→Ｔ的变异,从而导致一个人     

不同抗性猕猴桃品种感染溃疡病前后几种保护酶活性变化

研究了不同猕猴桃品种展叶孕蕾期自然感染溃疡病菌前后一年生枝条、叶片内过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)酶活性的变化情况.结果表明:感染溃疡病菌前后,抗病品种和感病品种枝条及成叶中防御酶系活性变化规律存在一定的差异.品种未受溃疡病菌感染时,一年生枝条、叶片中的POD、PPO、SOD、CAT酶活性抗病品种的酶活性均低于感病品种.品种自然感染溃疡病菌后,一年生枝条、叶片POD、PPO、SOD、CAT、PAL酶活性均升高,且酶活性的增加幅度是抗病品种中酶活提高倍数高于感病品种.而且这种增量在不同保护酶类以及不同组织部位是有差异的.     

Quality,bioactivity study,and preclinical acute toxicity,safety pharmacology evaluation of PEGylated recombinant human endostatin (M2ES)

Endostar, a potent endogenous antiangiogenic factor, is wildly used in clinics. However, it was easily degraded by enzymes and rapidly cleared by the kidneys. To overcome these shortcomings, PEGylated recombinant human endostatin was developed. In this study, the purity of M₂ES was evaluated by silver stain and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Ultraviolet spectrum was used to examine the structural of M₂ES and endostar. The bioactivity and antitumor efficacy of M₂ES were evaluated using an in vitro endothelial cell migration model and athymic nude mouse xenograft model of a heterogeneous lung adenocarcinoma, respectively. A preclinical study was performed to evaluate the acute toxicity and safety pharmacology in rhesus monkeys. The purity of M₂ES was more than 98%; PEG modification has no effect on endostatin structure. Compared with the control group, M₂ES dramatically retards endothelial cell migration and tumor growth. After intravenous (IV) infusions of M₂ES at a dose level of three and 75 mg/kg in rhesus monkeys, there was no observable serious adverse event in both acute toxicity and safety pharmacology study. On the basis of the quality and bioactivity study data of M₂ES and the absence of serious side effect in rhesus monkeys, M₂ES was authorized to initiate a phase I clinical trial.     

Engineering mouse apolipoprotein A-I into a monomeric, active protein useful for structural determination

Apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), the major protein component of HDL, is one of the best predictors of coronary artery disease (CAD), with high apoAI and HDL levels being correlated with low occurrences of CAD. The primary function of apoAI is to recruit phospholipid and cholesterol for assembly of HDL particles. Like other exchangeable apolipoproteins, lipid-free apoAI forms a mixture of different oligomers even at 1.0 mg/mL. This self-association property of the exchangeable apolipoproteins is closely associated with the lipoprotein-binding activity of this protein family. It is unclear if the self-association property of apolipoprotein is required for its lipoprotein-binding activity. We developed a novel method for engineering an oligomeric protein to a monomeric, biologically active protein. Using this method, we generated a monomeric mouse apoAI mutant that is active. This mutant contains the first 216 residues of mouse apoAI and replaces six hydrophobic residues with either polar or smaller hydrophobic residues at the defined positions (V118A/A119S/L121Q/T191S/T195S/T199S). Cross-linking results show that this mutant is greater than 90% monomeric at 8 mg/mL. CD, DSC, and NMR results indicate that the mutant maintains an identical secondary, tertiary structure and stability as those of the wild-type mouse apoAI. Lipid-binding assays suggest that the mutant shares an equal lipoprotein-binding activity as that of the wild-type apoAI. In addition, both the monomeric mutant and the wild-type protein make nearly identical rHDL particles. With this monomeric mouse apoAI, high-quality NMR data has been collected, allowing for the NMR structural determination of lipid-free apoAI. On the basis of these results, we conclude that this apoAI mutant is a monomeric, active apoAI useful for structural determination.     

基于VPM模型的长白山自然保护区植被总初级生产力动态变化

总初级生产力(GPP)是碳循环的重要参数,它的准确估算对碳循环及全球气候变化研究有重要作用.利用VPM模型及2000—2015年MOD09A1数据/气候因子的空间数据,对长白山自然保护区的植被GPP进行模拟.结果表明: 2000—2015年,保护区GPP年均值为1203 g C·m^-2·a^-1,GPP呈极显著趋势增长.森林植被GPP年际增长变化在不同植被垂直带下没有显著区别,但从高山苔原带往上,GPP年际增长明显减小.GPP与降水的年际相关性不显著,与温度的正相关关系集中分布在阔叶红松林带和高山苔原带.春季气温对GPP影响最大,有80%像元显示与气温呈正相关.GPP与温度的年际相关性明显高于降水.     

秋葵AeMYB1R1转录因子基因克隆及对胁迫的响应北大核心CSCD

MYB转录因子家族广泛参与了植物对干旱、盐渍、冷害等非生物胁迫的应答。为了深入研究秋葵[Abelmoschus esculentus(L.) Moench]中的MYB类转录因子,该研究以‘北海道1号’秋葵为研究对象,采用PCR方法克隆AeMYB1R1基因,并借助生物信息学进行特征分析;采用qRT-PCR荧光定量方法分析其表达模式及其在非生物胁迫下的表达特性。结果表明:(1)成功克隆获得1个秋葵AeMYB1R1基因;该基因包含1个1 056 bp的开放阅读框,编码352个氨基酸;序列对比和系统进化树结果显示,AeMYB1R1在植物进化过程中具有较高的保守性;AeMYB1R1蛋白分子量为37 891.57 Da,等电点为8.75,含有较多的谷氨酸和较少的色氨酸,以及较多潜在的磷酸化位点和糖基化位点。(2)结构分析显示,AeMYB1R1蛋白主要由α螺旋和无规则卷曲构成,无信号肽和跨膜结构,为疏水性蛋白;同时,氨基酸序列在第104至第156位含有一个保守结构域,表明其属于SHAQKYF类MYB家族转录因子。(3)qRT-PCR结果显示,AeMYB1R1基因在秋葵叶中的表达量最高,其次是根和茎,具有组织表达特性;与高温和低温胁迫相比,在盐胁迫和干旱胁迫中AeMYB1R1表达量更高,说明AeMYB1R1可能是秋葵抗盐和抗旱的关键转录因子。研究结果为AeMYB1R1基因在秋葵生长发育和抗逆机制中的功能研究奠定了理论依据。     

香蕉MaASR1基因的抗干旱作用

ASR(ABA, stress, ripening induced protein)是一类响应植物干旱胁迫的关键转录因子, 在许多植物中已有报道, 然而尚未见香蕉(Musa acuminata)中ASR与抗旱作用的相关研究。该实验从香蕉果实cDNA文库中筛选出1个ASR基因, 即MaASR1(登录号为AY628102)。干旱胁迫下, 该基因在叶片中的表达量高于根部。将MaASR1转入拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana), Southern检测确定了两株独立表达的转基因株系(命名为L14和L38)。表型观察发现, 此两转基因株系的叶片变小且变厚; Northern和Western检测结果表明, MaASR1在L14和L38中表达。控水处理后, L14和L38的存活率及脯氨酸含量均高于野生型。经干旱胁迫和外源ABA处理后, 对MaASR1转基因株系中ABA/胁迫响应基因的表达分析, 发现MaASR1可增强转基因株系对ABA信号的敏感度, 但不能增强植株依赖于ABA途径的抗旱性。     

用PO4细胞为靶细胞检测人血清中Epstein-Barr病毒IgA/MA抗体以诊断鼻咽癌

近年来,常用未经丙酮固定的、由丁酸和巴豆油激活的B95-8细胞或P3HR-1细胞为靶细胞,检测人血清中EB病毒IgA/MA抗体以早期诊断鼻咽癌,效果良好。但由于B95-8细胞含有多种EB病毒抗原,不能用丙酮固定,需多次离心沉淀,在浮悬状态下检测,技术比较复杂。