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251.
Junli Liu Jianjian Liu Aiqun Chen Minjie Ji Jiadong Chen Xiaofeng Yang Mian Gu Hongye Qu Guohua Xu 《Mycorrhiza》2016,26(7):645-656
252.
Zhenhua Luo Huiliang Yu Yunhai Pu Jingyuan Yang Hao Mei Daxing Wang Zhaoquan Zhu Mian Zhao Hua Wu 《International journal of primatology》2016,37(3):438-459
Understanding habitat quality and landscape connectivity and exploring corridors connecting habitat patches are crucial for conservation, particularly for species distributed among isolated populations. The Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana, is an Endangered primate species endemic to mountainous forests in China. Its easternmost distribution lies in the Shennongjia area, which harbors an isolated subspecies, R. roxellana hubeiensis. Unfortunately, it has experienced significant habitat loss, fragmentation, and dramatic population decline in recent decades, primarily due to increased human disturbance. To quantify habitat quality, identify suitable habitat patches, and detect possible linkages among these patches for R. roxellana hubeiensis, we conducted habitat suitability assessments and landscape connectivity analyses in the Shennongjia area based on a set of environmental factors. We created a habitat quality model and a movement cost surface for the Shennongjia area based on a habitat suitability index, graph theory, expert knowledge, field experience, and information from the literature. Our results show that suitable habitat for R. roxellana hubeiensis in Shennongjia is fragmented and limited, and that this is particularly true for highly suitable habitats. We detected six core habitat patches and six least-cost paths and corridors. Our study does not provide accurate distributions of the monkeys and their habitat use. However, it identifies the most feasible and traversable habitats and corridors, which should be conservation priorities for this subspecies, and provides valuable guidance for reevaluating habitat conservation plans. 相似文献
253.
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255.
Leukocyte reactivity as an objective means of quantifying mental loading during ergonomic evaluation
Psychological stress evokes rapid changes to the cardiovascular and neuroendocrine systems, responses that can become habituated following repeated exposure. This study, comprising of two phases, suggests that the immune system follows a similar trend. Phase 1: 15 healthy subjects (aged between 26 and 56 years) provided capillary blood samples before and after completing three basic tasks using, in turn, two automotive touch screen interfaces (Interface 1—antecedent version, Interface 2—improved version). Using a chemiluminescent technique termed leukocyte coping capacity (LCC), the ability of leukocytes to produce reactive oxygen species in vitro was assessed. Significant differences in leukocyte activity were shown between treatment groups, where the greatest post-test decrease occurred after using Interface 1. Phase 2: a randomly selected sub-group (n = 4) underwent weekly repeat testing using both interfaces. Significant differences in post-test leukocyte reactivity were exhibited between test weeks for each interface—the magnitude of response decreasing with successive exposure. 相似文献
256.
257.
Modified quantum mechanical calculations predict the binding enthalpies of saccharide inhibitors of lysozyme to within a few kilocalories of experimental measurements. 相似文献
258.
Sungwoo Lee M. A. Rouf Mian Clay H. Sneller Hehe Wang Anne E. Dorrance Leah K. McHale 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(2):429-444
Partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean is controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL). With traditional QTL mapping approaches, power to detect such QTL, frequently of small effect, can be limited by population size. Joint linkage QTL analysis of nested recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations provides improved power to detect QTL through increased population size, recombination, and allelic diversity. However, uniform development and phenotyping of multiple RIL populations can prove difficult. In this study, the effectiveness of joint linkage QTL analysis was evaluated on combinations of two to six nested RIL populations differing in inbreeding generation, phenotypic assay method, and/or marker set used in genotyping. In comparison to linkage analysis in a single population, identification of QTL by joint linkage analysis was only minimally affected by different phenotypic methods used among populations once phenotypic data were standardized. In contrast, genotyping of populations with only partially overlapping sets of markers had a marked negative effect on QTL detection by joint linkage analysis. In total, 16 genetic regions with QTL for partial resistance against P. sojae were identified, including four novel QTL on chromosomes 4, 9, 12, and 16, as well as significant genotype-by-isolate interactions. Resistance alleles from PI 427106 or PI 427105B contributed to a major QTL on chromosome 18, explaining 10–45 % of the phenotypic variance. This case study provides guidance on the application of joint linkage QTL analysis of data collected from populations with heterogeneous assay conditions and a genetic framework for partial resistance to P. sojae. 相似文献
259.
Mian Zhou Weng-Lang Yang Youxin Ji Xiaoling Qiang Ping Wang 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2014
Background
Neuroinflammation is a key cascade after cerebral ischemia. Excessive production of proinflammatory mediators in ischemia exacerbates brain injury. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is a newly discovered proinflammatory mediator that can be released into the circulation during hemorrhage or septic shock. Here, we examine the involvement of CIRP in brain injury during ischemic stroke.Methods
Stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In vitro hypoxia was conducted in a hypoxia chamber containing 1% oxygen. CIRP and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.Results
CIRP is elevated along with an upregulation of TNF-α expression in mouse brain after MCAO. In CIRP-deficient mice, the brain infarct volume, induction of TNF-α, and activation of microglia are markedly reduced after MCAO. Using microglial BV2 cells, we demonstrate that hypoxia induces the expression, translocation, and release of CIRP, which is associated with an increase of TNF-α levels. Addition of recombinant murine (rm) CIRP directly induces TNF-α release from BV2 cells and such induction is inhibited by neutralizing antisera to CIRP. Moreover, rmCIRP activates the NF-κB signaling pathway in BV2 cells. The conditioned medium from BV2 cells exposed to hypoxia triggers the apoptotic cascade by increasing caspase activity and decreasing Bcl-2 expression in neural SH-SY5Y cells, which is inhibited by antisera to CIRP.Conclusion
Extracellular CIRP is a detrimental factor in stimulating inflammation to cause neuronal damage in cerebral ischemia.General significance
Development of an anti-CIRP therapy may benefit patients with brain ischemia. 相似文献260.
PEGylation of alpha-momorcharin: synthesis and characterization of novel anti-tumor conjugates with therapeutic potential 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xiaoxiao Bian Fubing Shen Yiwen Chen Baoning Wang Mian Deng Yanfa Meng 《Biotechnology letters》2010,32(7):883-890
Alpha-momorcharin (??-MMC) is a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) with excellent cytotoxicity to tumor cells. However, its strong immunogenicity and short plasma half-life limit its clinical applications. To overcome this, we have to PEGylated ??-MMC using a branched 20?kDa (mPEG) 2-Lys-NHS. Homogeneous mono-, di- and tri-PEGylated ??-MMCs were synthesized, purified and characterized. In vitro and in vivo analysis indicated that the serial PEG-conjugates preserved moderate anti-tumor activity with 36% acute toxicity and at most 66% immunogenicity decrease. These results suggested the potential application of ??-MMC-PEG conjugates as an anti-tumor agent. 相似文献