The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on neuroregeneration following acute thoracic spinal cord injury

AimsAlthough hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment following spinal cord injury (SCI) have been studied in terms of neurological function and tissue histology, there is a limited number studies on spinal cord tissue enzyme levels.Main methodsThe effect of HBO treatment in SCI was investigated by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) activity in the injured tissue. SCI was induced by applying an aneurysm clip extradurally at the level of T9-T11 vertebrae. Preoperative HBO (preopHBO) treatment was applied for 5 days and postoperative HBO (postopHBO) for 7 days.Key findingsIn the preopHBO group, a significant decrease was observed in NOS and NO compared to the SCI group. There was a decrease in SOD, NOS and NO in the postopHBO group when compared to the SCI group. In the pre–postHBO group SOD, GPx, NOS and NO decreased significantly. There was a decrease in SOD in postopHBO compared to preopHBO. In the prepostopHBO, SOD decreased significantly compared to that in the preopHBO group. The prepostopHBO presented a significant decrease in GPx compared to postopHBO (p < 0.05 for all parameters). No significant difference was observed for catalase for all groups. Significant improvement was found in BBB scores for both postopHBO and prepostHBO groups when compared to the SCI group (p < 0.05).SignificanceHBO treatment was found to be beneficial following SCI in terms of biochemical parameters and functional recovery in the postoperative period.     

Handedness related differences in the intracranial fluid spaces in healthy adults

Abstract

Purpose: Our study aimed to determine the possible differences in linear measurements and linear indices values of intracranial fluid spaces (IFS) between right- and left-handed adults.

Methods: This work has been carried out on 148 subjects (72 men and 76 women). In the study, 88 right-handers and 60 left-handers were included. Forty of the right-handers were male, 48 were female, and 32 of the left-handers were male, and 28 were female. The ages were between 20 and 50?years. Linear measurements were obtained based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. A 1.5-T MRI scanner was used to obtain axial images. The ten parameters were estimated from MRI scans.

Results: There was no correlation between parameters and age. In our study, interestingly, as can be seen from the tables, most of the parameters with statistically significant differences were higher in favour of left-handed subjects. In most of the linear measurement results, IFS values of the right hemisphere in right-handers, and the left hemisphere in left-handers were higher. Similar results were found in favour of the left-handed in most of the linear ventricular indices.

Conclusion: Linear measurements and linear indices values of IFS were mostly higher in left-handers than in right-handed individuals.