全文获取类型
收费全文 | 283篇 |
免费 | 68篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
352篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 13篇 |
2012年 | 15篇 |
2011年 | 13篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 16篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 11篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 4篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
1961年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有352条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Large, rapidly evolving intergenic spacers in the mitochondrial DNA of the salamander family Ambystomatidae (Amphibia: Caudata) 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
We report the presence, in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of all of the
sexual species of the salamander family Ambystomatidae, of a shared 240- bp
intergenic spacer between tRNAThr and tRNAPro. We place the intergenic
spacer in context by presenting the sequence of 1,746 bp of mtDNA from
Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum, describe the nucleotide composition of the
intergenic spacer in all of the species of Ambystomatidae, and compare it
to other coding and noncoding regions of Ambystoma and several other
vertebrate mtDNAs. The nucleotide substitution rate of the intergenic
spacer is approximately three times faster than the substitution rate of
the control region, as shown by comparisons among six Ambystoma
macrodactylum sequences and eight members of the Ambystoma tigrinum
complex. We also found additional inserts within the intergenic spacers of
five species that varied from 87-444 bp in length. The presence of the
intergenic spacer in all sexual species of Ambystomatidae suggests that it
arose at least 20 MYA and has been a stable component of the ambystomatid
mtDNA ever since. As such, it represents one of the few examples of a large
and persistent intergenic spacer in the mtDNA of any vertebrate clade.
相似文献
62.
Danilo ML Prado Fabiana B Benatti Ana L de Sá-Pinto Ana P Hayashi Bruno Gualano Rosa MR Pereira Adriana ME Sallum Eloisa Bonfá Clovis A Silva Hamilton Roschel 《Arthritis research & therapy》2013,15(2):R46
Introduction
Exercise training has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract physical dysfunction in adult systemic lupus erythematosus. However, no longitudinal studies have evaluated the effects of an exercise training program in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (C-SLE) patients. The objective was to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of a supervised aerobic training program in improving the cardiorespiratory capacity in C-SLE patients.Methods
Nineteen physically inactive C-SLE patients were randomly assigned into two groups: trained (TR, n = 10, supervised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program) and non-trained (NT, n = 9). Gender-, body mass index (BMI)- and age-matched healthy children were recruited as controls (C, n = 10) for baseline (PRE) measurements only. C-SLE patients were assessed at PRE and after 12 weeks of training (POST). Main measurements included exercise tolerance and cardiorespiratory measurements in response to a maximal exercise (that is, peak VO2, chronotropic reserve (CR), and the heart rate recovery (ΔHRR) (that is, the difference between HR at peak exercise and at both the first (ΔHRR1) and second (ΔHRR2) minutes of recovery after exercise).Results
The C-SLE NT patients did not present changes in any of the cardiorespiratory parameters at POST (P > 0.05). In contrast, the exercise training program was effective in promoting significant increases in time-to-exhaustion (P = 0.01; ES = 1.07), peak speed (P = 0.01; ES = 1.08), peak VO2 (P = 0.04; ES = 0.86), CR (P = 0.06; ES = 0.83), and in ΔHRR1 and ΔHRR2 (P = 0.003; ES = 1.29 and P = 0.0008; ES = 1.36, respectively) in the C-SLE TR when compared with the NT group. Moreover, cardiorespiratory parameters were comparable between C-SLE TR patients and C subjects after the exercise training intervention, as evidenced by the ANOVA analysis (P > 0.05, TR vs. C). SLEDAI-2K scores remained stable throughout the study.Conclusion
A 3-month aerobic exercise training was safe and capable of ameliorating the cardiorespiratory capacity and the autonomic function in C-SLE patients.Trial registration
NCT01515163. 相似文献63.
Mertz Christoffer Krarup Sara Jensen Cecilie D. Lindholm Sandy E. H. Kjær Christina Pinborg Lars H. Bak Lasse K. 《Neurochemical research》2020,45(6):1247-1255
Neurochemical Research - Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological conditions. Today, close to 30 different medications to prevent epileptic seizures are in use; yet, far from all... 相似文献
64.
E. Rao B. Weiss M. Fukami A. Mertz J. Meder T. Ogata U. Heinrich J. Garcia-Heras K. Schiebel G. A. Rappold 《Human genetics》1997,100(2):236-239
Deletions of the pseudoautosomal region (PAR1) of the sex chromosomes have recently been discovered in individuals with short
stature, and a minimal common deletion region of 700 kb within PAR1 has subsequently been defined. We have cloned this entire
region, which is bounded by the Xp/Yp telomere, as an overlapping cosmid contig. In the present study, we have used fluorescence
in situ hybridization (FISH) to study four patients with X-chromosomal rearrangements, two with normal height and two with
short stature. Genotype-phenotype correlations have narrowed down the the critical “short stature interval” to a 270-kb region
containing the gene with an important role in growth. A minimal tiling path of 6–8 cosmids bridging this interval is now available
for interphase and metaphase FISH and provides a valuable tool for diagnostic investigations of patients with idiopathic short
stature.
Received: 4 November 1996 / Accepted: 10 March 1997 相似文献
65.
66.
Influence of retinoid nutritional status on cellular retinol- and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein concentrations in various rat tissues 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
M Kato W S Blaner J R Mertz K Das K Kato D S Goodman 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1985,260(8):4832-4838
Studies were conducted to explore the effects of differences in retinoid nutritional status and of sex on the tissue distribution and levels of cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) and of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) in the rat. Sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays were developed and employed to measure the levels of both CRBP and CRABP. Four groups of six male rats each were fed experimental diets that differed greatly in the amount and kind of retinoids provided, but were otherwise identical. These groups were comprised of rats that were normal controls, retinoid-deficient, retinoic acid-fed, and excess retinol-fed. A fifth group of six female rats was fed the control diet. Immunogens identical with rat testis CRBP and CRABP, as assessed by radioimmunoassay displacement curves, were found in every rat tissue examined (21 tissues in males, 18 in females). The highest levels of CRBP were found in the proximal portion of the epididymis, the liver, and kidney. The highest levels of CRABP were found in the seminal vesicles, vas deferens, and skin. A significant (p less than 0.01) inverse relationship was found between CRBP and CRABP levels in the different tissues of the male reproductive tract. In both males and females, CRBP levels were highest in the gonads and proximal portion of the reproductive tract and decreased distally, whereas the opposite was true for CRABP. Retinoid-deficient rats showed reduced tissue levels of CRBP; thus, tissue CRBP levels are influenced by diet and retinoid availability. No differences in tissue CRBP levels were found in the rats fed the control, the retinoic acid, or the excess retinol diets. Female control rats had higher CRBP levels than male controls in 4 of 15 tissues compared (liver, lung, thymus, and fat). In contrast, tissue CRABP levels showed no diet- or sex-dependent differences. Only in one tissue, the skin, were differences observed (lower CRABP in retinoid-deficient and in female rats). Thus, CRABP metabolism and levels appear to be minimally influenced by the amount or kind of retinoid ligand available or by sex. 相似文献
67.
68.
Humoral immune response to herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoproteins in patients receiving a glycoprotein subunit vaccine. 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
Serial serum specimens from 22 herpes simplex virus (HSV)-seronegative recipients of an HSV type 2 (HSV-2) glycoprotein subunit vaccine were analyzed by radioimmunoprecipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the development of antibodies to HSV-2 gB, gD, and g80, a complex of gC and gE. Volunteers received 50 (n = 12) or 100 micrograms (n = 10) of vaccine at days 0, 28, and 140; sera were drawn weekly for 8 weeks and again at days 140, 147, and 365. Among seronegative volunteers, antibody to gB was detected 2 weeks after the first dose, while antibodies to g80 and gD were detected after the second dose (day 35). Antibodies to nonglycosylated HSV-specific proteins were not detected. A dose-response effect between recipients of 50- and 100-micrograms doses was observed in the proportion of vaccine recipients seroconverting to g80 and in the proportion of recipients retaining antibodies to both gD and g80 over time. Diminishing complement-independent neutralizing antibody titers occurred after the second dose and were associated with loss or reduction of detectable antibody to gD. Volunteers who were seropositive for HSV-1-specific antibody (n = 11) were also enrolled in the trial and received 50-micrograms doses of vaccine. Vaccination resulted in conversion to HSV-2 complement-independent neutralizing antibody specificity or indeterminant specificity in 10 of 11 volunteers. These shifts were accompanied by changes in the radioimmunoprecipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profile. These changes, which were apparent by 14 days after the first vaccine dose, included de novo appearance or increased levels of antibody to g80 and increased levels of antibody to gD and gB. These studies document the immunogenicity of solubilized glycoproteins gB, gD, gC, and, possibly, gE in humans. 相似文献
69.
The effect of red light on uptake and efflux of gibberellinby etiolated pea stem sections has been determined by the techniqueof compartmental analysis. Exposure of segments to red lightinhibited uptake and efflux of [3H]-GA1 by the cytoplasmic compartmentwhile efflux from the vacuolar compartment was not significantlyaffected. It is suggested that phytochrome may alter the permeabilityproperties of the plasma membrane and/or the binding of GA1,as, a means of controlling the basipetal transport of gibberellin. (Received November 19, 1984; Accepted March 2, 1985) 相似文献
70.
Reverse turns, four-residue sections of polypeptides where the chain changes direction by about 180 degrees, are thought to be important protein folding initiation structures. However, the time scale and mechanism for their formation have yet to be determined experimentally. To develop a microscopic picture of the formation of protein folding initiation structures, we have carried out a pair of 2.2-ns molecular dynamics simulations of Tyr-Pro-Gly-Asp-Val, a peptide which is known to form a high population of reverse turns in water. In the first simulation, which was started with the peptide in an ideal type II reverse turn involving the first four residues, the turn unfolded after about 1.4 ns. After about 0.6 ns in the second simulation, which was started with the peptide in a fully extended conformation, the peptide folded into a type II turn which had a transient existence before unfolding. The peptide remained unfolded for another 0.9 ns before folding into a type I turn involving the last four residues. The type I turn lasted for about 0.2 ns before unfolding. Thus, these simulations showed that protein folding initiation structures can form and dissolve on the nanosecond time scale. Furthermore, the atomic-level detail of the simulations allowed us to identify some of the interactions which can stabilize the folded structures. The type II turns were stabilized by either a salt bridge between the terminal groups or a backbone-C-terminal group hydrogen bond, and the type I turns were stabilized by a hydrophobic interaction between the proline and valine-side chains. 相似文献