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51.
52.
Nina Bosch Marta Morell Immaculada Ponsa Josep Maria Mercader Lluís Armengol Xavier Estivill 《PloS one》2009,4(12)
Background
The human chromosome 8p23.1 region contains a 3.8–4.5 Mb segment which can be found in different orientations (defined as genomic inversion) among individuals. The identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tightly linked to the genomic orientation of a given region should be useful to indirectly evaluate the genotypes of large genomic orientations in the individuals.Results
We have identified 16 SNPs, which are in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the 8p23.1 inversion as detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The variability of the 8p23.1 orientation in 150 HapMap samples was predicted using this set of SNPs and was verified by FISH in a subset of samples. Four genes (NEIL2, MSRA, CTSB and BLK) were found differentially expressed (p<0.0005) according to the orientation of the 8p23.1 region. Finally, we have found variable levels of mosaicism for the orientation of the 8p23.1 as determined by FISH.Conclusion
By means of dense SNP genotyping of the region, haplotype-based computational analyses and FISH experiments we could infer and verify the orientation status of alleles in the 8p23.1 region by detecting two short haplotype stretches at both ends of the inverted region, which are likely the relic of the chromosome in which the original inversion occurred. Moreover, an impact of 8p23.1 inversion on gene expression levels cannot be ruled out, since four genes from this region have statistically significant different expression levels depending on the inversion status. FISH results in lymphoblastoid cell lines suggest the presence of mosaicism regarding the 8p23.1 inversion. 相似文献53.
This study contrasts the ovipositional profiles of four members of the Papilio glaucus group, P. glaucus , P. multicaudatus , P. canadensis , and P. rutulus. We used seven choice oviposition bioassays containing leaves from hosts in seven plant families utilized by members of the P. glaucus group. Specifically, we contrast the overall ovipositional profiles of these species and their acceptance of a host in a novel plant family ( Populus tremuloides : Salicaceae) and a host in a putatively ancestral host plant family ( Liriodendron tulipifera : Magnoliaceae). Significant differences were observed between the ovipositional profiles of P. glaucus and P. multicaudatus relative to each other and to P. canadensis and P. rutulus. In contrast, no significant differences were observed between the ovipositional profiles of P. canadensis and P. rutulus , which were also the only species that accepted P. tremuloides. Unlike the acceptance of P. tremuloides , the acceptance of L. tulipifera was present throughout the group despite the inability of the larvae of most species in the group to utilize this host. These results support the prediction of the "hierarchical threshold model" that ancestral host plants are likely to be retained in the ovipositional hierarchy while novel hosts should only be accepted by derived populations. 相似文献
54.
Yolk spheres present in mature invertebrate oocytes are composed of yolk proteins and proteolytic enzymes. In the fly Musca domestica, yolk proteins are degraded during embryogenesis by a cathepsin-like proteinase that is stored as a zymogen. An acid phosphatase is also active in the yolk spheres during Musca embryogenesis. In this paper we show that procathepsin and acid phosphatase are initially stored by a different pathway from the one followed by yolk protein precursors. Both enzymes are taken up by the oocytes and transitorily stored into small vesicles (lysosomes) surrounding the early yolk spheres. Fusion of both structures, the early yolk spheres and lysosomes, creates the mature yolk spheres. 相似文献
55.
A set of engineered lipocalins, so-called anticalins, that bind benzyl butyl phthalate, a potential pollutant of environmental and food samples or medical plastic ware, has been generated. To this end, the synthesis of a derivative of the target analyte carrying an activatable carboxylate group at the end of an aliphatic spacer arm was established. This compound was covalently coupled to amino-functionalized paramagnetic beads. Using phage display technology three variants were selected from a random library of the bilin-binding protein (BBP), a prototypic lipocalin, which exhibit binding activity toward the nonsymmetric phthalic acid ester. These anticalins (denominated PhtA, PhtB, and PhtC) possess dissociation constants of 9.1, 6.2, and 11.6 microM, respectively. Specificity for the binding of other phthalic acid esters was studied. No cross-reactivity was found for diethyl phthalate, while binding to dibutyl phthalate was observed with higher dissociation constants. Interestingly, two differing types of binding behavior were observed among the three selected anticalins. Sequence comparison of these engineered lipocalins with the wild-type BBP revealed that all of the 16 randomized positions carried an amino acid exchange and that a certain sequence pattern had been selected, thus pointing toward a peculiar mode of structural interaction. Our data suggest that the generation of anticalins may provide an alternative to antibodies for the creation of stable receptor proteins against haptens with bioanalytical relevance. 相似文献
56.
JC de Mauroy HR Weiss AG Aulisa L Aulisa JI Brox J Durmala C Fusco TB Grivas J Hermus T Kotwicki G Le Blay A Lebel L Marcotte S Negrini L Neuhaus T Neuhaus P Pizzetti L Revzina B Torres PJM Van Loon E Vasiliadis M Villagrasa M Werkman M Wernicka MS Wong F Zaina 《Scoliosis》2010,5(1):1-15
Abstract
Thoracic hyperkyphosis is a frequent problem and can impact greatly on patient's quality of life during adolescence. This condition can be idiopathic or secondary to Scheuermann disease, a disease disturbing vertebral growth. To date, there is no sound scientific data available on the management of this condition. Some studies discuss the effects of bracing, however no guidelines, protocols or indication's of treatment for this condition were found. The aim of this paper was to develop and verify the consensus on managing thoracic hyperkyphosis patients treated with braces and/or physiotherapy.Methods
The Delphi process was utilised in four steps gradually modified according to the results of a set of recommendations: we involved the SOSORT Board twice, then all SOSORT members twice, with a Pre-Meeting Questionnaire (PMQ), and during a Consensus Session at the SOSORT Lyon Meeting with a Meeting Questionnaire (MQ).Results
There was an unanimous agreement on the general efficacy of bracing and physiotherapy for this condition. Most experts suggested the use of 4-5 point bracing systems, however there was some controversy with regards to physiotherapeutic aims and modalities.Conclusion
The SOSORT panel of experts suggest the use of rigid braces and physiotherapy to correct thoracic hyperkyphosis during adolescence. The evaluation of specific braces and physiotherapy techniques has been recommended. 相似文献57.
Cell-to-cell and phloem-mediated transport of potato virus X. The role of virions 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12 下载免费PDF全文
Movement-deficient potato virus X (PVX) mutants tagged with the green fluorescent protein were used to investigate the role of the coat protein (CP) and triple gene block (TGB) proteins in virus movement. Mutants lacking either a functional CP or TGB were restricted to single epidermal cells. Microinjection of dextran probes into cells infected with the mutants showed that an increase in the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit was dependent on one or more of the TGB proteins and was independent of CP. Fluorescently labeled CP that was injected into epidermal cells was confined to the injected cells, showing that the CP lacks an intrinsic transport function. In additional experiments, transgenic plants expressing the PVX CP were used as rootstocks and grafted with nontransformed scions. Inoculation of the PVX CP mutants to the transgenic rootstocks resulted in cell-to-cell and systemic movement within the transgenic tissue. Translocation of the CP mutants into sink leaves of the nontransgenic scions was also observed, but infection was restricted to cells close to major veins. These results indicate that the PVX CP is transported through the phloem, unloads into the vascular tissue, and subsequently is transported between cells during the course of infection. Evidence is presented that PVX uses a novel strategy for cell-to-cell movement involving the transport of filamentous virions through plasmodesmata. 相似文献
58.
Moacir F Oliveira Andrea Mess Carlos E Ambrósio Carlos AG Dantas Phelipe O Favaron Maria A Miglino 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2008,6(1):39
Background
Placentas of guinea pig-related rodents are appropriate animal models for human placentation because of their striking similarities to those of humans. To optimize the pool of potential models in this context, it is essential to identify the occurrence of characters in close relatives. 相似文献59.
60.
Florigio Lista Frans AG Reubsaet Riccardo De Santis Rene R Parchen Ad L de Jong Jasper Kieboom Anton L van der Laaken Ingrid AI Voskamp-Visser Silvia Fillo Hugo-Jan Jansen Jan Van der Plas Armand Paauw 《BMC microbiology》2011,11(1):1-11