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Shuen‐Fang Lo Ien‐Chie Wen Yi‐Lun Liu Ku‐Ting Chen Mirng‐Jier Jiang Ming‐Kuang Lin Meng‐Yen Rao Lin‐Chih Yu Tuan‐Hua David Ho Su‐May Yu 《Plant, cell & environment》2016,39(5):998-1013
Rice is an important crop and major model plant for monocot functional genomics studies. With the establishment of various genetic resources for rice genomics, the next challenge is to systematically assign functions to predicted genes in the rice genome. Compared with the robustness of genome sequencing and bioinformatics techniques, progress in understanding the function of rice genes has lagged, hampering the utilization of rice genes for cereal crop improvement. The use of transfer DNA (T‐DNA) insertional mutagenesis offers the advantage of uniform distribution throughout the rice genome, but preferentially in gene‐rich regions, resulting in direct gene knockout or activation of genes within 20–30 kb up‐ and downstream of the T‐DNA insertion site and high gene tagging efficiency. Here, we summarize the recent progress in functional genomics using the T‐DNA‐tagged rice mutant population. We also discuss important features of T‐DNA activation‐ and knockout‐tagging and promoter‐trapping of the rice genome in relation to mutant and candidate gene characterizations and how to more efficiently utilize rice mutant populations and datasets for high‐throughput functional genomics and phenomics studies by forward and reverse genetics approaches. These studies may facilitate the translation of rice functional genomics research to improvements of rice and other cereal crops. 相似文献
974.
Microarray and genetic analysis reveals that csa‐miR159b plays a critical role in abscisic acid‐mediated heat tolerance in grafted cucumber plants
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Hao Li Yu Wang Ze Wang Xie Guo Feng Wang Xiao‐Jian Xia Jie Zhou Kai Shi Jing‐Quan Yu Yan‐Hong Zhou 《Plant, cell & environment》2016,39(8):1790-1804
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Yonghong Meng Guiru Dong Chen Zhang Yuanyuan Ren Yuling Qu Weifeng Chen 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(4):673-679
Objective
To study the effect of Ca2+ on glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and its role in poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) synthesis in Bacillus natto HSF 1410.Results
When the concentration of Ca2+ varied from 0 to 0.1 g/l in the growth medium of B. natto HSF 1410, γ-PGA production increased from 6.8 to 9.7 g/l, while GDH specific activity and NH4Cl consumption improved from 183 to 295 U/mg and from 0.65 to 0.77 g/l, respectively. GDH with α-ketoglutarate as substrate primarily used NADPH as coenzyme with a K m of 0.08 mM. GDH was responsible for the synthesis of endogenous glutamate. The specific activity of GDH remained essentially unchanged in the presence of CaCl2 (0.05–0.2 g/l) in vitro. However, the specific activity of GDH and its expression was significantly increased by CaCl2 in vivo. Therefore, the regulation of GDH and PGA synthesis by Ca2+ is an intracellular process.Conclusion
Calcium regulation may be an effective approach for producing γ-PGA on an industrial scale.976.
Long Jin Hai-Ying Zhu Qing Guo Xiao-Chen Li Yu-Chen Zhang Guang-Lei Zhang Xiao-Xu Xing Mei-Fu Xuan Qi-Rong Luo Xi-Jun Yin Jin-Dan Kang 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(9):1433-1441
Objective
To examine the effect of PCI-24781 (abexinostat) on the blastocyst formation rate in pig somatic cell nuclear transferred (SCNT) embryos and acetylation levels of the histone H3 lysine 9 and histone H4 lysine 12.Results
Treatment with 0.5 nM PCI-24781 for 6 h significantly improved the development of cloned embryos, in comparison to the control group (25.3 vs. 10.5 %, P < 0.05). Furthermore, PCI-24781 treatment led to elevated acetylation of H3K9 and H4K12. TUNEL assay and Hoechst 33342 staining revealed that the percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts was significantly lower in PCI-24781-treated SCNT embryos than in untreated embryos. Also, PCI-24781-treated embryos were transferred into three surrogate sows, one of whom became pregnant and two fetuses developed.Conclusion
PCI-24781 improves nuclear reprogramming and the developmental potential of pig SCNT embryos.977.
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