全文获取类型
收费全文 | 655篇 |
免费 | 31篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
出版年
2017年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 13篇 |
2012年 | 21篇 |
2011年 | 19篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 21篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 12篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1959年 | 7篇 |
1958年 | 23篇 |
1957年 | 26篇 |
1956年 | 27篇 |
1955年 | 22篇 |
1954年 | 22篇 |
1953年 | 13篇 |
1952年 | 13篇 |
1951年 | 10篇 |
1950年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有695条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
Relative inefficiency of soluble recombinant CD4 for inhibition of infection by monocyte-tropic HIV in monocytes and T cells 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
P J Gomatos N M Stamatos H E Gendelman A Fowler D L Hoover D C Kalter D S Burke E C Tramont M S Meltzer 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1990,144(11):4183-4188
Macrophages are major viral reservoirs in the brain, lungs, and lymph nodes of HIV-infected patients. But not all HIV isolates infect macrophages. The molecular basis for this restrictive target cell tropism and the mechanisms by which HIV infects macrophages are not well understood: virus uptake by CD4-dependent and -independent pathways have both been proposed. Soluble rCD4 (sCD4) binds with high affinity to gp 120, the envelope glycoprotein of HIV, and at relatively low concentrations (less than 1 microgram/ml) completely inhibits infection of many HIV strains in T cells or T cell lines. HTLV-IIIB infection of the H9 T cell line was completely inhibited by prior treatment of virus with 10 micrograms/ml sCD4: no p24 Ag or HIV-induced T cell syncytia were detected in cultures of H9 cells exposed to 1 x 10(4) TCID50 HTLV-IIIB in the presence of sCD4. Under identical conditions and at a 100-fold lower viral inoculum, 10 micrograms/ml sCD4 had little or no effect on infection of monocytes by any of six different HIV isolates by three different criteria: p24 Ag release, virus-induced cytopathic effects, and the frequency of infected cells that express HIV-specific mRNA. At 10- to 100-fold higher concentrations of sCD4, however, infection was completely inhibited. Monoclonal anti-CD4 also prevented infection of these same viral isolates in monocytes. The relative inefficiency of sCD4 for inhibition of HIV infection in monocytes was a property of the virion, not the target cell: HIV isolates that infect both monocytes and T cells required similarly high levels of sCD4 (100 to 200 micrograms/ml) for inhibition of infection. These data suggest that the gp120 of progeny HIV derived from macrophages interacts with sCD4 differently than that of virions derived from T cells. For both variants of HIV, however, the predominant mechanism of virus entry for infection is CD4-dependent. 相似文献
12.
Deep-level diagnostic value of the rDNA-ITS region 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
The similarity of certain reported angiosperm rDNA internal transcribed
spacer (ITS) region sequences to those of green algae prompted our analysis
of the deep-level phylogenetic signal in the highly conserved but short
5.8S and hypervariable ITS2 sequences. We found that 5.8S sequences yield
phylogenetic trees similar to but less well supported than those generated
by a ca. 10-fold longer alignment from rDNA-18S sequences, as well as
independent evidence. We attribute this result to our finding that,
compared to 18S, the 5.8S has a higher proportion of sites subject to vary
and greater among-site substitution rate homogeneity. We also determined
that our phylogenetic results are not likely affected by intramolecular
compensatory mutation to maintain RNA secondary structure nor by evident
systematic biases in base composition. Despite historical homology, there
appears to be no ITS2 primary sequence similarity shared sufficient
similarity to cluster correctly on the basis of alignability. Our results
indicate that groups, however, share sufficient similarity to cluster
correctly on the basis of alignability. Our results indicate that ITS
region sequences can diagnose organismal origins and phylogenetic
relationships at many phylogenetic levels and provide a useful paradigm for
molecular evolutionary study.
相似文献
13.
Population-based data have not been readily available on relatively short-term changes in weight. Therefore, we sought to determine the nature of self-reported substantial (> 10%) weight change over one year in a representative sample of the US population which participated in the 1989 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Across all ages, a larger proportion of women than men reported both weight loss as well as weight gain of any amount (18.9% vs. 16.1% for weight loss and 20.0% vs. 16.1% for weight gain). In sex-specific logistic regression analyses, significant risk factors common to both sexes for substantial weight loss included divorced/separated marital status, smoking, increased number of blood pressure checks, increased BMI (body mass index) and increased number of bed days. Black race reduced the risk of weight loss for both men and women. Sex-specific risk factors for weight loss in men only were widowhood or never married marital status, while increasing age was a protective factor in women only. Concerning weight gain > 10% over the past year, increased number of blood pressure checks and having one or more diabetic parents were significant risk factors among both men and women; while never being married, increased age, BMI, and education exerted a protective effect in both sexes. For women only, risk factors for weight gain included black race, increased number of contacts with a health professional, and being unemployed. Intention to lose weight was associated with both weight gain and weight loss in both sexes, although it did not serve as a confounder in any of these relationships. A greater likelihood of substantial weight loss among women relative to men was diminished for persons with higher BMI, higher number of blood pressure checks, being widowed, divorced or separated, and intention to lose weight. A greater likelihood of substantial weight gain among women relative to men was diminished for persons with low BMI. The results of this cross-sectional study of weight change, involving a one-year follow-up period, generally correspond with the results obtained by longitudinal studies involving a longer follow-up. 相似文献
14.
Production of Serine Proteases by the Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus marinus (Apicomplexa) In Vitro 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
JEROME F. LA PEYRE DORIS Y. SCHAFHAUSER ESAM H. RIZKALLA MOHAMED FAISAL 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1995,42(5):544-551
ABSTRACT. Analysis of the cell-free supernatants of Perkinsus marinus cultures by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and silver staining revealed the presence of as many as 17 bands ranging in molecular weight from 239 to 32 kDa. These bands were not present in un-inoculated medium. Moreover, P. marinus produces extracellular proteins that possess proteolytic activities; the cell-free supernatants of P. marinus cultures could digest a variety of proteins including gelatin, casein, fibronectin and laminin. Oyster plasma was also digested by cell-free culture supernatants. The proteolytic activity in cell-free culture supernatants was detected 24 h post-inoculation, while no proteolytic activity could be detected in cell lysates. The proteolytic activities were characterized using substrate-impregnated sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gels and had approximate molecular weights ranging from 55 to 35 kDa. The proteolytic activity of cell-free culture supernatants was inhibited by the serine protease inhibitors phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride, 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin and soybean trypsin inhibitor. In contrast, inhibitors (i.e. trans-epoxysuccinyll-leucylamido(4-guanidino)-butane, 1, 10-phenanthroline, captopril, ethylenediaminetetracetic acid, pepstatin A or diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester) from the other three classes of proteases had no effect. It was concluded that the P. marinus proteases in cell-free culture supernatants are serine proteases. 相似文献
15.
M. Maes F. De Meyer D. Peeters H. Meltzer C. Schotte S. Scharpe P. Cosyns 《International journal of biometeorology》1993,37(2):78-82
Recently, some investigators have established a seasonal pattern in normal human psychology, physiology and behaviour, and in the incidence of psychiatric psychopathology. In an attempt to elucidate the chronopsy and meteotropism in the latter, we have examined the chronograms of, and the biometeorological relationships to bed occupancy of the psychiatric ward of the Antwerp University Hospital during three consecutive calendar years (1987–1989). Weather data for the vicinity were provided by a local meteorological station and comprise mean atmospheric pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and minutes of sunlight and precipitation/day. The number of psychiatric beds occupied during the study period exhibited a significant seasonal variation. Peaks in bed occupancy were observed in March and November, with lows in August. An important part of the variability in the number of beds occupied could be explained by the composite effects of weather variables of the preceding weeks. Our results suggest that short-term fluctuations in atmospheric activity may dictate some of the periodicities in psychiatric psychopathology. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.