Aanlysis of short photo-periodic sensitive genic male sterility and molecular mapping of rpms3(t) gene in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using SSR markers

A research was conducted on the pollen fertility of rice sterile lines D52S and D38S responsive to photoperiod during the sensitive stage under natural and controlled conditions. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) and recessive class approach were applied to identify DNA markers that co-segregate with gene conferring male-sterility in D52S mutant rice. The results showed that in day-light higher or equal to 14.00 h, D52S and D38S rice pollen were fertile; however, they were sterile when day-length was less than 14.00 h. They were therefore considered to be short photo-periodic sensitive genic male sterile lines(Short PGMS lines). Under short day-light conditions, the pollen fertility segregation of F₂ populations from crosses between D52S/Shuhui527 and D52S/Gui99showed 3:1 ratio of fertile to sterile plants suggestingthat male sterility in D52S was controlled by one recessive gene. Two markers RM244 and RM216 located on chromosome number 10 co-segregated completely with the rpms locus. The locus was mapped to the interval between SSR markers RM2571 (6.6 cM) and RM244 (4.6 cM).     

Imaging long-term fate of intramyocardially implanted mesenchymal stem cells in a porcine myocardial infarction model

The long-term fate of stem cells after intramyocardial delivery is unknown. We used noninvasive, repetitive PET/CT imaging with [(18)F]FEAU to monitor the long-term (up to 5 months) spatial-temporal dynamics of MSCs retrovirally transduced with the sr39HSV1-tk gene (sr39HSV1-tk-MSC) and implanted intramyocardially in pigs with induced acute myocardial infarction. Repetitive [(18)F]FEAU PET/CT revealed a biphasic pattern of sr39HSV1-tk-MSC dynamics; cell proliferation peaked at 33-35 days after injection, in periinfarct regions and the major cardiac lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. The sr39HSV1-tk-MSC-associated [(18)F]FEAU signals gradually decreased thereafter. Cardiac lymphography studies using PG-Gd-NIRF813 contrast for MRI and near-infrared fluorescence imaging showed rapid clearance of the contrast from the site of intramyocardial injection through the subepicardial lymphatic network into the lymphatic vessels and periaortic lymph nodes. Immunohistochemical analysis of cardiac tissue obtained at 35 and 150 days demonstrated several types of sr39HSV1-tk expressing cells, including fibro-myoblasts, lymphovascular cells, and microvascular and arterial endothelium. In summary, this study demonstrated the feasibility and sensitivity of [(18)F]FEAU PET/CT imaging for long-term, in-vivo monitoring (up to 5 months) of the fate of intramyocardially injected sr39HSV1-tk-MSC cells. Intramyocardially transplanted MSCs appear to integrate into the lymphatic endothelium and may help improve myocardial lymphatic system function after MI.     

Transient protection from heat-stress induced apoptotic stimulation by metastasis-associated protein 1 in pachytene spermatocytes

Background

Deregulated thermal factors have been frequently implicated in the pathogenesis of male infertility, but the molecular basis through which certain responses are directed remain largely unknown. We previously reported that overexpression of exogenous Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) protects spermatogenic tumor cells GC-2spd (ts) against heat-induced apoptosis. To further dissect the underlying mechanism, we addressed here the fine coordination between MTA1 and p53 in pachytene spermatocytes upon hyperthermal stimulation.

Methodology/Principal Findings

High level of MTA1 expression sustained for 1.5 h in primary spermatocytes after heat stress before a notable decrease was detected conversely correlated to the gradual increase of acetylation status of p53 and of p21 level. Knockdown of the endogenous MTA1 in GC-2spd (ts) elevated the acetylation of p53 by diminishing the recruitment of HDAC2 and thereafter led to a dramatic increase of apoptosis after heat treatment. Consistent with this, in vivo interference of MTA1 expression in the testes of C57BL/6 mice also urged an impairment of the differentiation of spermatocytes and a disruption of Sertoli cell function due to the elevated apoptotic rate after heat stress. Finally, attenuated expression of MTA1 of pachytene spermatocytes was observed in arrested testes (at the round spermatid level) of human varicocele patients.

Conclusions

These data underscore a transient protective effect of this histone modifier in primary spermatocytes against heat-stress, which may operate as a negative coregulator of p53 in maintenance of apoptotic balance during early phase after hyperthermal stress.     

Prolonged mechanical ventilation induces cell cycle arrest in newborn rat lung

Rationale

The molecular mechanism(s) by which mechanical ventilation disrupts alveolar development, a hallmark of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, is unknown.

Objective

To determine the effect of 24 h of mechanical ventilation on lung cell cycle regulators, cell proliferation and alveolar formation in newborn rats.

Methods

Seven-day old rats were ventilated with room air for 8, 12 and 24 h using relatively moderate tidal volumes (8.5 mL.kg⁻¹).

Measurement and Main Results

Ventilation for 24 h (h) decreased the number of elastin-positive secondary crests and increased the mean linear intercept, indicating arrest of alveolar development. Proliferation (assessed by BrdU incorporation) was halved after 12 h of ventilation and completely arrested after 24 h. Cyclin D1 and E1 mRNA and protein levels were decreased after 8–24 h of ventilation, while that of p27^Kip1 was significantly increased. Mechanical ventilation for 24 h also increased levels of p57^Kip2, decreased that of p16^INK4a, while the levels of p21^Waf/Cip1 and p15^INK4b were unchanged. Increased p27^Kip1 expression coincided with reduced phosphorylation of p27^Kip1 at Thr¹⁵⁷, Thr¹⁸⁷ and Thr¹⁹⁸ (p<0.05), thereby promoting its nuclear localization. Similar -but more rapid- changes in cell cycle regulators were noted when 7-day rats were ventilated with high tidal volume (40 mL.kg⁻¹) and when fetal lung epithelial cells were subjected to a continuous (17% elongation) cyclic stretch.

Conclusion

This is the first demonstration that prolonged (24 h) of mechanical ventilation causes cell cycle arrest in newborn rat lungs; the arrest occurs in G₁ and is caused by increased expression and nuclear localization of Cdk inhibitor proteins (p27^Kip1, p57^Kip2) from the Kip family.     

Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycetes) isolates as potential agents for control of Dendroctonus valens

Abstract The red turpentine beetle (RTB), Dendroctonus valens LeConte, as a destructive invasive pest, has become one of the most economically important forest pest in China. Effective control measures are desperately needed. Entomopathogenic fungi, such as Beauveria bassiana, have shown great potential for the management of some bark beetle species. In this study, 12 isolates of B. bassiana from bark beetle were examined for biological characteristics and virulence, to assess their potential as biocontrol agents for RTB. There were significant differences (at P= 0.05) in colony growth rate, conidial yield, conidial germination, tolerance to UV light and extracellular proteases activity among the tested B. bassiana isolates. Isolates, including Bb1801, Bb1906, Bb789 and Bb773, exhibited the best characteristics, because they have faster hyphal growth rate, higher spore production and faster spore germination, higher UV tolerance and protease (Pr1) production. The results of a pathogenicity test of B. bassiana on RTB larvae showed that most isolates of B. bassiana have demonstrated high efficacy and the highest virulent isolate was Bb1801, which killed 100% of the treated insects and had a median lethal time (LT₅₀) of 4.60 days at a concentration of 1×10⁷ conidia/mL. Therefore, isolate Bb1801 has a great potential for sustainable control of RTB in the forest. The correlation between biological characteristics and virulence of the fungal isolates is discussed and the possibility of combination of entomopathogenic fungi with semiochemicals, as one of the promising strategy for RTB control, is considered.     

α- 酮酸片对维持性血液透析患者心脏功能和结构的影响

目的:探讨α-酮酸片(α-KA)对维持性血液透析(MHD)患者心脏功能和结构的影响。方法:观察30例α-酮酸片(商品名:开同)治疗组维持性血液透析患者与30例对照组患者,分别在治疗前及治疗6个月后超声心动图测定心脏结构指标:左房收缩末期内径(LADs)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、室间隔舒张末期厚度(IVSTd)、左室后壁舒张末期厚度(LVPWTd),左房内径指数(LAI)、左心室心肌重量指数(LVMI)、相对室壁厚度(RWT),心脏功能指标:左室射血分数(LVEF),左室短轴缩短率(FS),二尖瓣口舒张早期和晚期最大血流速度比(E/A)各项指标等检测,比较治疗前后各指标变化。结果:治疗组MHD患者心脏结构指标:左房收缩末期内径(LADs)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、室间隔舒张末期厚度(IVSTd)、左室后壁舒张末期厚度(LVPWTd),左房内径指数(LAI)、左心室心肌重量指数(LVMI)值均明显低于对照组,二者差异有显著性(P<0.05),两组相对室壁厚度(RWT)相比没有明显的差异(P>0.05)。心脏功能指标:左室射血分数(LVEF),左室短轴缩短率(FS),二尖瓣口舒张早期和晚期最大血流速度比(E/A)值较对照组明显增高(P<0.05),有统计学意义。结论:α-酮酸片可以改善MHD患者的心脏结构和功能,其对MHD患者心血管并发症的预防和治疗有一定临床指导意义。     

三种药液湿敷治疗多巴胺所致静脉炎的临床疗效比较

目的:通过三种药液外敷治疗经外周静脉输入或泵入多巴胺所引起的静脉炎的效果比较,总结出效果最佳的药液。方法:选择因长期静脉应用多巴胺,使用外周静脉留置针,并发静脉炎Ⅰ度或Ⅱ度的患者120例,随机分为三组,分别用50%硫酸镁注射液、10%硝酸甘油溶液、10%酚妥拉明溶液湿敷,每组40例,在湿敷后的1天,3天,7天观察静脉炎消退情况。结果:三种药液湿敷后的第3天在治疗效果方面有显著差异,且10%硝酸甘油溶液的治疗效果比较好,优于其它两种药物(P<0.017)。结论:10%硝酸甘油溶液湿敷对多巴胺所致静脉炎的治疗效果明显,值得临床推广。     

咬合运动与注射醋酸泼尼松龙治疗滑膜炎的疗效比较

目的:比较咬合运动和关节下腔注射醋酸泼尼松龙治疗颞下颌关节滑膜炎的临床效果。方法:选择牙列完整、无第三磨牙阻生、符合颞下颌关节滑膜炎诊断标准的120例患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例。实验组行咬合运动,每次3-4个循环,每日3-4次,治疗周期为12个月;对照组给予醋酸泼尼松龙0.0125g+0.5ml2%利多卡因关节下腔注射一次,比较两种方法的治疗效果。结果:实验组的60例患者均在治疗后1-2w疼痛消失,追踪3-12个月无复发。对照组的60例患者,2个周后有18例无效,无效率为30%,两组比较其结果有显著性差异(P<0.001);3个月后有22例无效,无效率为36.67%,两组比较其结果有显著性差异(P<0.001)。结论:咬合运动组的治疗效果显著高于醋酸泼尼松龙注射组,咬合运动能有效的治疗滑膜炎并减少患者的治疗痛苦。     

心内科住院患者人性化护理问题的分析与对策研究

目的:探讨心内科实施人性化护理的问题及产生问题的原因,寻找有效的解决措施。这对提高护理质量,有效保证住院患者的安全,促进住院患者身心健康有重要意义,同时,也为临床护理提供依据。方法:对我院2011年1月-2011年3月心内科住院患者进行护理满意度和护理需求问卷调查。结果:调查数据显示,实施人性化护理患者的满意度为89.86%,较2010年有较大的提高。导致患者不满意的原因依次为护患沟通不足、护理人员专业素质差、护理人员缺乏经验和个别护理人员职业道德低下。根据患者需求调查数据显示,患者在病房环境、个人隐私尊重与保护、服务态度、医疗技术操作水平及职业道德5个方面还有较大需求。结论:人性化护理对改善医患关系,提高护理安全,促进患者的身心健康有积极的作用。依据调查的患者需求量,人性化护理还需要有针对性的改进和提高。     

PIK3CA 基因突变的MassARRAY 分子量阵列分析

目的:利用MassARRAY分子量阵列分析系统检测胃癌组织PIK3CA基因突变。方法:从胃癌石蜡包埋组织中提取基因组,PCR反应扩增目的基因片段,MassARRAY分子量阵列分析系统检测PIK3CA基因突变;焦磷酸测序验证检测结果。结果:中国西部地区144例胃癌组织样本中PIK3CA_E542K(1624G>A)突变携带率为77.6%,PIK3CA_E545K(1633G>A)突变携带率为84%。MassARRAY分子量阵列分析系统检测结果与焦磷酸测序结果达到100%吻合。结论:建立了MassARRAY分子量阵列分析系统检测基因突变的方法,初步建立了中国西北地区汉族人群胃癌组织PIK3CA基因PIK3CA_E542K(1624G>A)和PIK3CA_E545K(1633G>A)位点突变频数。