Contributions of collision rate and collision efficiency to erythrocyte aggregation in postcapillary venules at low flow rates

Red blood cell aggregation at low flow rates increases venous vascular resistance, but the process of aggregate formation in these vessels is not well understood. We previously reported that aggregate formation in postcapillary venules of the rat spinotrapezius muscle mainly occurs in a middle region between 15 and 30 microm downstream from the entrance. In light of the findings in that study, the main purpose of this study was to test two hypotheses by measuring collision frequency along the length of the venules during low flow. We tested the hypothesis that aggregation rarely occurs in the initial 15-microm region of the venule because collision frequency is very low. We found that collision frequency was lower than in other regions, but collision efficiency (the ratio of aggregate formation to collisions) was almost nil in this region, most likely because of entrance effects and time required for aggregation. Radial migration of red blood cells and Dextran 500 had no effect on collision frequency. We also tested the hypothesis that aggregation was reduced in the distal venule region because of the low aggregability of remaining nonaggregated cells. Our findings support this hypothesis, since a simple model based on the ratio of aggregatable to nonaggregatable red blood cells predicts the time course of collision efficiency in this region. Collision efficiency averaged 18% overall but varied from 0 to 52% and was highest in the middle region. We conclude that while collision frequency influences red blood cell aggregate formation in postcapillary venules, collision efficiency is more important.     

应用免疫和质谱法对亚心形扁藻氢酶蛋白进行亚细胞定位和分类

亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)是新发现的一株产氢海洋单细胞绿藻,经过胁迫调控可实现一定时间的持续产氢。氢酶是亚心形扁藻在胁迫条件下进行光合产氢的一个关键酶。但到目前为止,亚心形扁藻氢酶相关信息仍不清楚。利用蛋白合成抑制剂氯霉素和放线菌酮对亚心形扁藻氢酶活性进行考察,同时利用免疫印迹技术和免疫胶体金电镜对亚心形扁藻氢酶蛋白进行亚细胞定位分析。结果表明:亚心形扁藻氢酶蛋白可能由胞浆内合成,在叶绿体行使功能。采用免疫共沉淀技术富集亚心形扁藻细胞氢酶蛋白,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对免疫共沉淀复合物进行分离,从胶中切取目的蛋白条带,胶内酶解后进行基质辅助激光解吸飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)分析,得到相应的肽指纹图谱,通过搜索数据库检索初步断定亚心形扁藻氢酶蛋白为铁氢酶。     

离体条件下葡萄砧木＇5BB＇植株再生体系研究

以葡萄砧木＇5BB＇组培苗为试材,研究不同外植体类型、基本培养基、植物生长调节剂的种类及其浓度组合对＇5BB＇植株再生的影响.结果表明：MS基本培养基为适合叶柄不定芽再生的基本培养基;着生于顶端第2、3节位的叶柄为适宜的外植体;适于叶柄不定芽再生的植物生长调节剂种类及质量浓度组合为2.5 mg/L BA＋0.05mg/L IBA;叶柄不定芽再生率最高可达到43.33%.     

外源H2O2胁迫对大蒜试管苗玻璃化的影响

以大蒜品种‘二水早’为材料,研究不同浓度外源H2O2胁迫对大蒜试管苗的玻璃化发生及生理生化变化的影响.结果表明,在不同浓度外源H2O2处理下,大蒜玻璃化试管苗百分率、组织含水量、MDA含量、电解质渗透率、SOD和POD活性均高于对照,且随H2O2浓度的增加而升高,叶绿素含量则表现相反的趋势;在同一H2O2浓度下,大蒜玻璃化试管苗的组织含水量、MDA含量、电解质渗透率、SOD、POD和CAT活性均显著高于大蒜正常试管苗,叶绿素含量低于正常试管苗.研究发现,外源H2O2胁迫对大蒜试管苗玻璃化有促进作用.     

元谋干热河谷不同人工林中鞘翅目甲虫多样性比较

在元谋干热河谷采用网扫法调查了云南松林、桉树林、新银合欢林、桉树＋新银合欢林、印楝林及多树种混交的人工林鞘翅目昆虫多样性。结果表明,鞘翅目甲虫标本925号,计71种,分属18个科,其中叶甲科种类最丰富,象甲科数量最丰富。人工林鞘翅目昆虫群落物种丰富度在7～23,Shannon—Wiener多样性指数在1．249～2．562,昆虫多样性总体较低。各样地鞘翅目群落之间为不相似水平。云南松林鞘翅目昆虫群落物种丰富度、Shannon—Wiener指数、Simpson指数及Pielou指数分别为20、2．562、0．104和0．855,其多样性最高,多树种混交林较高,印楝林较低,而桉树林、新银合欢林、桉树＋新银合欢林多样性极低。多树种混交的恢复对昆虫多样性提高有显著促进作用。     

Deficiency of DNA fragmentation factor 45 results in reduced oocyte apoptosis in response to doxorubicin

Dear Editor： Apoptosis plays a prominent role in ovarian development and function. During follicle development, the vast majority of follicles undergo atresia as a consequence of apoptosis of constituent oocyte or follicular cells, or both, failing to complete the maturation process. Atresia occurs at all stages of follicular development during the growth and development of follicles.[第一段]     

豆科植物中鱼藤酮含量测定及光学异构体研究

采用HPLC法测定了豆科鱼藤属的毛鱼藤、白花鱼藤、边荚鱼藤、马来鱼藤,灰豆属的非洲山毛豆、灰毛豆,豆薯属的豆薯、鸡血藤属厚果鸡血藤和紫穗槐属紫穗槐9种植物中鱼藤酮含量,发现毛鱼藤含量最高,每100g植物干粉中含1．82g鱼藤酮,紫穗槐含量最低,仅含0．005g。通过比较毛鱼藤、白花鱼藤、边荚鱼藤、非洲山毛豆、豆薯分离得到鱼藤酮的比旋光度,结合马来鱼藤、灰毛豆、厚果鸡血藤、紫穗槐提取物对3龄家蚕的点滴触杀活性差异,说明这些植物中含有的鱼藤酮均为同-光学异构体。     

旋覆花素抑制血管内皮剥脱诱导的粘附分子表达

目的观察旋覆花素对内皮剥脱诱导的新生内膜形成过程中血管壁粘附分子OPN、ICAM-1、ILK表达的影响,为寻找该药物抑制新生内膜形成的作用靶标提供实验依据。方法采用主动脉球囊损伤后血管狭窄动物模型,用免疫组织化学和Western Blot方法分别检测血管壁中骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)、细胞间粘附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)、整合素偶联激酶(integrin-linked kinase,ILK)的表达变化及旋覆花素对其的影响。结果血管内皮剥脱可诱导血管壁平滑肌细胞大量增生,新生内膜呈弥漫性增厚,血管损伤局部组织中OPN、ICAM-1、ILK的表达均比正常对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。旋覆花素治疗组在球囊损伤后,血管内膜增生程度显著减轻,血管壁OPN、ICAM-1、ILK的表达均比模型组明显降低(P<0.05)。结论旋覆花素减缓新生内膜形成的效应与其抑制粘附分子的表达、阻断粘附分子信号传递有关。     

衫木叶片蛋白质组的双向电泳技术优化

为建立适用于杉木(Cunninghaimia lanceolata)叶片蛋白质组研究的双向电泳技术,对杉木叶片蛋白质的溶解方法、上样量、IEF及SDS-PAGE电泳等关键步骤进行了优化。结果表明,杉木叶片蛋白质主要分布在pH4-7范围;裂解液中含有硫脲(2mmol/L)才能较充分地溶解蛋白,DTT浓度为60mmol/L、上样量1.5mg时得到的图谱分辨率较好且蛋白斑点分布均匀、清晰,拖尾现象明显减少,平衡液Ⅱ中碘代乙酰胺浓度为450mg(15ml)-1时能提高图谱分辨率;采用与质谱兼容的考马斯亮兰进行染色,得到近700个蛋白点。