Use of activated clotting time for monitoring anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants and children with congenital heart disease

The use of a fixed dosage schedule was compared with the use of activated clotting time (ACT) for determining heparin and protamine dosages during and after cardiopulmonary bypass disease. Use of the ACT resulted in a statistically significant increase in heparin dosage and a statistically significant reduction of postoperative blood loss. With ACT use, chest tubes were retained for a shorter period of time, and the incidence of serious postoperative hemorrhage was reduced from 44% to 18%. These results confirm the superiority of the ACT method for monitoring intraoperative anticoagulation in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease.     

Immunochemical detection of chromosomal protein HMG-17 in chromatin subunits

Chromosomal protein HMG-17, purified from calf thymus, has been used to elicit specific antibodies in rabbits. Specific serological reaction between the antigen and the antisera is demonstrated by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and by competitive inhibition assays. The antisera did not cross-react with histones or other chromosomal HMG proteins. The antisera bound specifically to chromatin subunits isolated from HeLa cells, demonstrating that it may be used to study the in situ organization of this chromosomal protein. Chromatin purified from HeLa nuclei was digested with micrococcal nuclease, and the resulting mono- and oligonucleosomes were fractionated on a sucrose gradient. Analyses of the content of chromosomal proteins HMG-1, HMG-17, and H4 in different size nucleosomal particles, by the solid-phase radioimmunoassay, reveal that the distribution of HMG-17 was the same as that of H4, but different from that of HMG-1.     

Histone H2B variants from the erythrocytes of an amphibian, a reptile and a bird

Histones H2B have been isolated from the terminally differentiated diploid erythrocytes of three different classes, amphibia (Xenopus laevis), reptilia (Crocodilus niloticus) and aves (Gallus domesticus). Partial amino acid sequences revealed three regions of sequence variation, each variant involving a single amino acid substitution.     

Utilization of cellulosic materials through enzymatic hydrolysis. II. Preliminary assessment of an integrated processing scheme

An integrated processing scheme is described for the conversion of a cellulosic waste (newsprint) to sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis and then to ethanol and yeast by fermentation. The unconverted solids are burned to produce process energy requirements and surplus electrical power. Preliminary designs and cost studies are developed to provide a rough perspective on the potential economic feasibility of this method of cellulose utilization.     

Electronmicroscopy studies on the exocrine pancreas of Wistar-Rats following treatment with Streptozotocin.

In Wistar rats the intraveneous injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg body weight) caused a permanent hyperglycemia. After 5 days there were lesions in the exocrine parenchyme of the pancreas and its nerve fibers. Pathological changes were found in cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus and all other cell organelles, too. The zymogen granules remaining after extensive degranulation may disintegrate in two different ways: 1. Shrinking of the granules and formation of a hale between granule membrane and core, the electronic density of which is decreased; indistinct demonstrability of the granule membrane and finally its decomposition. 2. Shrinking of the granules, decrease of the electron density and either homogeneous or mainly peripheral arrangement of the disintegrated material of the granules; irregular shape of the granules and splitting of their membranes.