Flow conditions of red cells and plasma in microvascular bifurcations

The flow conditions of red cells and plasma in microvascular ramifications were investigated in a biological model of the frog's retrolingual membrane. Upon the controllable reduction of blood flow from the arterioles into the microvascular bed, with an appropriate decrease of red cell: plasma ratio in the blood, a tendency of the red cells to be drawn along the parent main capillaries without entering the branching capillaries was in evidence. These latter thus transformed into the plasmatic capillaries deprived of red cells. The factors being responsible for this process were found to be as follows: (a) the diameter of branching capillaries, (b) the angles of off-shoots, (c) the degree of slow-down of blood flow velocity in the branches, and (d) the reduction of red cell: plasma ratio in parent vessels. The direct relationship was found between these factors and the transformations of the off-shoots into the plasmatic capillaries.     

Relationship between the tonus of the walls of the internal carotid artery and cyclic adenylmonophosphate

Experiments were carried out in dogs with the use of resistography of circulatory-isolated internal carotid artery. Both activation of adenyl cyclase by adenosine and inhibition of phosphodiesterase by theophylline in the vascular wall result in a significant decrease in the vasoconstrictor effect of prestaglandin E2. On the contrary, inhibition of adenyl cyclase by the beta-blocker propranolol or activation of phosphodiesterase by imidazol in the vascular wall causes potentiation of vasoconstriction brought about by prostaglandin E2. Thus the endogenous cyclic AMP either antagonizes the vasoconstrictor effect of prostaglandin E2, or the latter affects vascular smooth muscles by influencing the activity of enzymes that are responsible for the cyclic AMP level in the vascular wall.     

Preparative isolation of myxovirus glycoproteins and the study of their immunogenic properties

Preparative isolation of glycoproteins from ortho- and paramyxoviruses is described. The purified concentrated virus has been treated with nonionic detergent MESK with subsequent removal of viral cores by centrifugation. Supernatant was sterilized by filtration through the nuclear filters and cleared from detergent by dialysis. Glycoproteins obtained have not contained contaminating cellular or core viral proteins or viral shell lipids. In the absence of detergent, glycoproteins have formed the peculiar mycelial complexes. Biological activity of glycoproteins was kept at high level. Glycoproteins output at isolation from different strains of influenza viruses A, B and Sendai virus varied from 75 to 98%. Immunogenetic study of the preparations obtained has demonstrated their capability to stimulate the formation of antibodies against both viral glycoproteins comparable with the capability of intact virus. The obtained level of immunity was enough to protect organism against homologous infection. Samples of glycoproteins obtained are up to standards for subunit vaccines, and the technique of their preparation is perspective as far as the production of vaccine preparations is concerned.