排序方式: 共有51条查询结果,搜索用时 22 毫秒
41.
Campa D Hüsing A Stein A Dostal L Boeing H Pischon T Tjønneland A Roswall N Overvad K Østergaard JN Rodríguez L Sala N Sánchez MJ Larrañaga N Huerta JM Barricarte A Khaw KT Wareham N Travis RC Allen NE Lagiou P Trichopoulou A Trichopoulos D Palli D Sieri S Tumino R Sacerdote C van Kranen H Bueno-de-Mesquita HB Hallmans G Johansson M Romieu I Jenab M Cox DG Siddiq A Riboli E Canzian F Kaaks R 《PloS one》2011,6(2):e16914
The mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signal transduction pathway integrates various signals, regulating ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis as a function of available energy and amino acids, and assuring an appropriate coupling of cellular proliferation with increases in cell size. In addition, recent evidence has pointed to an interplay between the mTOR and p53 pathways. We investigated the genetic variability of 67 key genes in the mTOR pathway and in genes of the p53 pathway which interact with mTOR. We tested the association of 1,084 tagging SNPs with prostate cancer risk in a study of 815 prostate cancer cases and 1,266 controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We chose the SNPs (n = 11) with the strongest association with risk (p<0.01) and sought to replicate their association in an additional series of 838 prostate cancer cases and 943 controls from EPIC. In the joint analysis of first and second phase two SNPs of the PRKCI gene showed an association with risk of prostate cancer (ORallele = 0.85, 95% CI 0.78–0.94, p = 1.3×10−3 for rs546950 and ORallele = 0.84, 95% CI 0.76–0.93, p = 5.6×10−4 for rs4955720). We confirmed this in a meta-analysis using as replication set the data from the second phase of our study jointly with the first phase of the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) project. In conclusion, we found an association with prostate cancer risk for two SNPs belonging to PRKCI, a gene which is frequently overexpressed in various neoplasms, including prostate cancer. 相似文献
42.
Eric J. Duell Leila Lujan-Barroso Claudia Llivina Xavier Muñoz Mazda Jenab Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Françoise Clavel-Chapelon Antoine Racine Heiner Boeing Brian Buijsse Federico Canzian Theron Johnson Christine Dalgård Kim Overvad Anne Tjønneland Anja Olsen Soledad C. Sánchez Emilio Sánchez-Cantalejo José-María Huerta Eva Ardanaz Miren Dorronsoro Kay-Tee Khaw Ruth C. Travis Antonia Trichopoulou Dimitrios Trichopoulos Snorri Rafnsson Domenico Palli Carlotta Sacerdote Rosario Tumino Salvatore Panico Sara Grioni H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Martine M. Ros Mattijs E. Numans Petra H. Peeters Dorthe Johansen Björn Lindkvist Mattias Johansson Ingegerd Johansson Guri Skeie Elisabete Weiderpass Talita Duarte-Salles Roger Stenling Elio Riboli Núria Sala Carlos A. González 《Genes & nutrition》2013,8(6):549-560
Vitamin C is known to protect mucosal tissues from oxidative stress and inhibit nitrosamine formation in the stomach. High consumption of fruits, particularly citrus, and higher circulating vitamin C concentrations may be inversely associated with gastric cancer (GC) risk. We investigated 20 polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter genes SCL23A1 and SCL23A2 and GC risk in 365 cases and 1,284 controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. We also evaluated the association between these polymorphisms and baseline plasma vitamin C levels in a subset of participants. Four SNPs were predictors of plasma vitamin C levels (SLC23A1 rs11950646 and rs33972313; SLC23A2 rs6053005 and rs6133175) in multivariable linear regression models. One SNP (SLC23A2 rs6116569) was associated with GC risk, in particular non-cardia GC (OR = 1.63, 95 % CI = 1.11–2.39, based on 178 non-cardia cases), but this association was attenuated when plasma vitamin C was included in the logistic regression model. Haplotype analysis of SLC23A1 yielded no associations with GC. In SLC23A2, one haplotype was associated with both overall and non-cardia GC, another haplotype was associated with GC overall, and a third was associated with intestinal-type GC. Common variants in SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 may influence plasma vitamin C concentration independent of dietary intake, and variation in SLC23A2 may influence GC risk. Additional prospective studies in large populations and consortia are recommended. Investigation of variation in vitamin C transporter genes may shed light on the preventative properties of vitamin C in gastric carcinogenesis. 相似文献
43.
Background
The patient-physician relation begins when the physician introduces himself with name and function. Most institutions request a nametag with name and function to be worn. Although nametags are consequently worn, the optimal position for the nametag is unknown. It was the purpose of this study to identify whether positioning the nametag on the right or the left chest side provides better visibility to the patient.Method and Material
One hundred volunteers, blinded to the experimental setup, presented for an orthopedic consultation in a standardized manner. The nametag of the physician was randomly positioned on the left chest side and presented to 50 individuals (age 35 years (range 17 to 83)) or the right chest side and then presented to 50 other individuals (35 years (range 16 to 59)). The time of the participant noticing the nametag was documented. Subsequently, the participant was questioned concerning the relevance of a nametag and verbal self-introduction of the physician.Results
38% of the participants noticed the nametag on the right as opposed to 20% who noticed it if placed on the left upper chest (p = 0.0473). The mean time to detection was 9 (range 1–40) seconds for nametags on the right and 25.2 seconds (range 3 to 49, p = 0.006) on the left. For 87% of the participants, a nametag is expected and important and nearly all participants (96%) expected the physician to introduce himself verbally.Conclusion
It is expected that a physician wears a nametag and introduce himself verbally at the first encounter. Positioning the nametag on the right chest side results in better and faster visibility. 相似文献44.
Jayasree Pillarisetti Martin Emert Mazda Biria Rashaad Chotia Rajeshwer Guda Sudharani Bommana Rhea Pimentel James Vacek Raghuveer Dendi Loren Berenbom Buddhadeb Dawn Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy 《Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal》2015,15(1):20-29
BackgroundDespite ACC/AHA guidelines indicating implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) as class I therapy for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with EF≤35%, ICD utilization rates in real world practice have been low.ObjectiveTo determine the rate of ICD implantation at a tertiary care academic center and to assess the reasons for under-utilization of the same.MethodsReview of a prospectively collected database which included all patients diagnosed with an EF≤35% was performed to assess the rate of ICD implantation and mortality. Reasons for non-implantation of ICD were then assessed from detailed chart review.ResultsA total of 707 patients (age 69.4 ± 14.1 years) with mean EF of 26±7% were analyzed. Only 28% (200/707) of patients had ICDs implanted. Mortality was lower in the group with ICD (25% vs 37%, p=0.004). When patients who either died or were lost to follow-up prior to 2005 were excluded, ICD utilization rate was still low at 37.6%. The most common reason for non-implantation of ICD was physicians not discussing this option with their patients. Patient refusal was the second most common reason.ConclusionsICD Implantation rates for primary prevention of SCD in patients with EF≤35% is low. Physician and patient education should be addressed to improve the utilization rates.Key words: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, Outcomes, sudden cardiac death 相似文献
45.
We model the dynamics of a tidal creek — mangrove swamp system. In the creek, a tidal asymmetry prevails. The ebb flow dominance at spring tides helps flush out the coarse sediment from the creek. Results from the numerical model suggest that the ebb dominance is due to friction in the mangrove forest and in turn this is controlled by the density of the vegetation. The tidal asymmetry of the current is negligible for a very small or a very large vegetation density, and is maximum for an intermediate vegetation density typical of that in undisturbed healthy mangroves. 相似文献
46.
Ito R Kita M Shin-Ya M Kishida T Urano A Takada R Sakagami J Imanishi J Iwakura Y Okanoue T Yoshikawa T Kataoka K Mazda O 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2008,377(1):12-16
To investigate the etiological implication of IL-17A in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was administered to the mice deficient for the IL-17A gene. They showed only faint manifestations of colitis, as revealed by body weight loss, shrinkage in the colon length, serum haptoglobin concentration, and disease activity index. Although the mortality rate of WT mice reached approximately 60%, more than 90% of the IL-17A KO mice survived the DSS treatment. Histological change was also marginal in the IL-17A KO intestine, in which epithelial damage and inflammatory infiltrates were not obvious and the myeloperoxidase activity elevated only slightly. G-CSF and MCP-1 were abundantly produced in WT mouse intestine, whereas the production of these chemokines was drastically hampered in IL-17A-null intestine. The present results show that IL-17A plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DSS-induced colitis, while MCP-1 and G-CSF may be crucially involved in the IL-17A-induced inflammation. 相似文献
47.
Shimizu T Kishida T Hasegawa U Ueda Y Imanishi J Yamagishi H Akiyoshi K Otsuji E Mazda O 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2008,367(2):330-335
For a valid cytokine immunotherapy of malignancies, a suitable delivery system that ensures slow-release of cytokines is required, because short half-life in vivo of the molecules ruins therapeutic efficacy while causing severe systemic toxic effects. We previously showed that the cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHP)-based hydrogel nanoparticles, or nanogel, encapsulates, stabilizes and releases various molecules. Here we applied this nanogel to administration in vivo of interleukin-12 (IL-12). Recombinant murine IL-12 (rmIL-12) was successfully incorporated into CHP nanogel simply by incubated with CHP at room temperature. After subcutaneously injected into mice, the CHP/rmIL-12 complex led to a prolonged elevation in IL-12 concentration in the sera. Repetitive administrations of the CHP/rmIL-12, but not rmIL-12 alone, induced drastic growth retardation of preestablished subcutaneous fibrosarcoma without causing any serious toxic event. The present study proposes a novel therapeutic intervention technology, taking advantage of slow and sustained release of bioactive cytokines from the self-assembling biocompatible nanoparticles. 相似文献
48.
The behavior of tidal flow in the riverine-forest type is investigated in the Aira-River mangrove area in Iriomote Island,
Japan. In the mangrove swamp near the bank of the creek, a velocity component parallel to a tidal creek reduces greatly in
the direction perpendicular to the creek. Based on this finding, it is theoretically suggested that the eddy viscosity in
the mangrove swamp, which is caused by the interaction between mangrove vegetation and the shear stress resulting from the
tidal flow in the creek, plays an important role in the hydrodynamics of the mangrove swamp. 相似文献
49.
Mazda Biglari Jeno M. Scharer Ronald V. Nicholson Trevor C. Charles 《Geomicrobiology journal》2013,30(1):44-54
The mechanism of sulfide oxidation by adhering bacteria (direct oxidation mechanism) and by ferric ion in the aqueous phase was studied by quantitative assessment of bacterial activity on the sulfide surface. To probe for the principal bacterial species on the surface and in the supernatant, a library of DNA genes encoding portions of bacterial 16S rRNA was constructed. The PCR-amplified DNA from the bacterial populations was cloned employing PROMEGA's pGEM-T Easy Vector system. The clone frequency indicated that iron-oxidizing bacteria were dominant in the liquid phase, while Acidithiobacillus ferroixdans, which is both sulfur and iron oxidizer was the most prevalent on the sulfide surface. Samples of crystalline pyrite were exposed to the bacterial consortium to evaluate surface alterations caused by bacteria. Chemical (abiotic) oxidation experiments with ferric ion as the oxidant were carried out in parallel with the biological oxidation tests. Changes in the surface topography were monitored by atomic force microscopy (AFM) while changes in surface chemistry were examined by Raman spectroscopy. Bacterial attachment resulted in a 53% increase in the specific surface area in comparison to a 13% increase caused by chemical (ferric ion) oxidation. The oxidation rate was assessed by evaluating the iron release. After corrections for surface area changes, the specific abiotic (oxidation by Fe3 +) and biotic oxidation rates with adhering bacteria were nearly the same (2.6 × 10? 9 mol O2/s/m2 versus 3.3 × 10? 9 mol O2/s/m2) at pH = 2 and a temperature of 25°C. The equality of rates implies that the availability of ferric ion as the oxidant is rate limiting. 相似文献
50.