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131.
Isomaro Yamaguchi Masatomo Kobayashi Nobutaka Takahashi 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(8):1975-1977
A method for predicting the enthalpy profile during extrusion cooking was developed. Wattmeters were connected to each barrel, and the heat loss from the barrels was measured under several temperature patterns without any material flow through the twin-screw extruder. A short section of some screws was replaced by a collar to make it possible to insert thermometers into the barrels during extrusion, and water was then pumped into the extruder while heating the barrels and the die. The measured temperature coincided with the temperature calculated from the consumed energy and the heat loss from each barrel, indicating that the enthalpy profile could be evaluated by this method. As an application of the method, the dependence of the enthalpy profile on the screw configuration was investigated. The enthalpy absorbed by the extruded materials was increased by using reverse screws and a needle valve at the outlet of the twin-screw extruder. These results suggest that the method developed in the present study will contribute to the design of extruder screws. 相似文献
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Guixin Li Zhanjun Guo Keiichi Higuchi Masatomo Kawakubo Kiyoshi Matsumoto Masayuki Mori 《Mammalian genome》2005,16(7):516-523
Matsumoto Eosinophilia Shinshu (MES) is a rat strain that spontaneously develops eosinophilia and eosinophil-related inflammatory lesions in many organs. We performed chromosomal mapping of the gene for eosinophilia by breeding backcross progeny. The onset of eosinophilia appeared to be delayed in the progeny compared with that in MES, with the prevalence of eosinophilia in the backcross progeny at 12 weeks of age being 22.5%. Genetic linkage analysis with marker loci indicated the major locus for eosinophilia was located at the end of the q arm region of Chromosome 19 (between D19Rat8 and telomere). The locus was denoted eosinophilia 1 (eos1). These data will form the basis for identification of the eos1 gene using a reverse genetic approach, which will hopefully lead to elucidation of the mechanisms involved in eosinophilia and eosinophilopoiesis. 相似文献
134.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms of CYP3A5 (A6986G, CYP3A5*3), ABCB1 (C1236T, G2677T/A, C3435T) and NR1I2 (A7635G) significantly impact the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in renal transplant recipients. Ninety-five recipients were given repeated doses of triple therapy immunosuppression consisting of prednisolone, tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. Twenty-eight days after renal transplantation, plasma prednisolone concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Comparisons of the CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genotypes revealed no significant differences in the prednisolone pharmacokinetics. The mean prednisolone C(max) for recipients (n=14) having both the ABCB1 3435CC genotype and the CYP3A5*3/*3 genotype was significantly higher than those (n=11) having both ABCB1 3435TT and CYP3A5*3/*3 genotypes (180ng/mL versus 129ng/mL, P=0.0392). The plasma concentrations of prednisolone in recipients having both ABCB1 3435CC and CYP3A5*3/*3 genotypes tended to be higher than those having both ABCB1 3435TT and CYP3A5*3/*3 genotypes. The mean AUC(0-24) and C(max) values for prednisolone in recipients having the NR1I2 7635G allele (AG: n=45, GG: n=32) were significantly lower than in patients having the 7635AA allele (n=18) (7635GG versus 7635AA, P=0.0308 for AUC(0-24), P=0.0382 for C(max) of prednisolone). In conclusion, NR1I2 (A7635G) rather than CYP3A5 or ABCB1 allelic variants affected patient variability of plasma prednisolone concentration. Recipients carrying the NR1I2 7635G allele seemed to possess higher metabolic activity for prednisolone in the intestine, greatly reducing its maximal plasma concentration. 相似文献
135.
BACKGROUND: Oncocytic carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary gland. Abundant, granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm is recognized as an oncocytic feature that reflects an accumulation of mitochondria. Ultrastructural study or immunohistochemical staining using antimitochondrial antibody can confirm the oncocytic nature of the tumor. However, there have been no data on whether immunocytochemical staining for human mitochondria aids in the confirmation of the oncocytic nature of oncocytic carcinoma. CASE: A 61-year-old man presented with a swelling in the left lower cheek. Computed tomography demonstrated a solid, isodense tumor in the parotid gland. An excisional biopsy of the tumor was performed, and an enlarged regional lymph node was removed. Imprint cytology of the lymph node showed cohesive cell clusters with lymphocytes. The clusters were composed of tumor cells that had characteristic abundant, granular cytoplasm and round to oval, centrally or eccentrically located nuclei with increased, fine chromatin and distinct nucleoli. Immunocytochemical staining revealed granular immunoreactivity of the cytoplasm for human mitochondria. Histology demonstrated tumor invasion in the normal gland and adjacent skeletal muscles. All tumor cells showed positive cytoplasm with antimitochondrial antibody by immunohistochemistry. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated packed mitochondria in the cytoplasm of the tumor. CONCLUSION: Immunocytochemical staining for human mitochondria help confirm the oncocytic nature of oncocytic carcinoma in cytologic specimens. 相似文献
136.
The symmetrical body of flatfish larvae dramatically changes into an asymmetrical form after metamorphosis. Eye migration results in the most significant asymmetrical development seen in any vertebrate. To understand the mechanisms involved in eye migration, bone and cartilage formation was observed during metamorphosis in laboratory-reared Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, by using whole-body samples and histological sections. Most of the hard tissues of the cranium (parasphenoid, trabecular cartilage, supraorbital canal, and supraorbital bar) exist symmetrically in the larval period before metamorphosis and develop by twisting in the same direction as that in which the eye migrates. An increase in skin thickness beneath the eye was observed only on the blind side at the beginning of eye migration; this was the first definitive difference between the right and left sides of the body. The pseudomesial bar, a peculiar bone present only in flatfishes, developed from this thick skin and grew dorsad. Novel sac-like structures were found and named retrorbital vesicles. The retrorbital vesicle of the blind side grew larger and faster than that of the ocular side when the right eye moved most dramatically, whereas no difference was observed between the volume of right and left connective tissue in the head. The asymmetrical presence and growth of the pseudomesial bar together with inflation of the retrorbital vesicle on the blind side may be responsible for right eye migration during metamorphosis in the Japanese flounder. 相似文献
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Kakizaki S Takagi H Ichikawa T Abe T Yamada T Suzuki K Kojima A Takayama H Takezawa J Nagamine T Mori M 《Biological trace element research》2000,73(2):151-162
We examined the efficacy of interferon (IFN) therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in view of the change of liver histology
and iron staining before and after IFN therapy.
Enrolled in this study were 109 patients with CHC who completed IFN treatment and were followed for at least 1 yr after the
end of IFN therapy. Serum iron, unsaturated-iron-binding capacity (UIBC), and total-iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were assessed
before IFN therapy. Knodell’s histological activity index (HAI) score and iron staining were examined in 55 patients in whom
liver biopsy was performed at two points: before and 1 yr after IFN therapy. Serum iron levels before IFN therapy did not
correlate with the response to IFN. The HAI score significantly decreased after IFN therapy in complete responders (p<0.01) and biochemical responders (p<0.01). Three factors in the HAI, periportal necrosis, intralobular necrosis, and portal inflammation, but not fibrosis, were
significantly decreased in complete responders (p<0.01) and biochemical responders (p<0.01). Of 55 patients, 23 (41.8%) were positive for iron staining before IFN therapy and 14 of 55 (25.5%) after IFN therapy.
The positive rate for iron staining tended to decrease after IFN therapy, not correlating to the response to IFN, but the
change was not statistically significant.
In conclusion, the histological improvement by IFN therapy was mostly seen in necroinflammatory changes but not in fibrosis
at least 1 yr after IFN, and iron staining tended to decrease after IFN therapy. 相似文献
140.