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101.
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A. Fernández‐Rodríguez J. Estellé A. Blin M. Muñoz F. Créchet F. Demenais S. Vincent‐Naulleau E. Bourneuf 《Animal genetics》2014,45(3):445-448
KIT mutations have been detected in different cancer subtypes, including melanoma. The gene also has been extensively studied in farm animals for its prominent role in coat color. The present work aimed at detecting KIT variants in a porcine model of cutaneous melanoma, the melanoblastoma‐bearing Libechov Minipig (MeLiM). By sequencing exons and intron borders, 36 SNPs and one indel were identified. Of 10 coding SNPs, three were non‐synonymous mutations, likely to affect the protein conformation. A promising variant, located in exon 19 (p.Val870Ala), was genotyped in a MeLiM × Duroc cross, and an association analysis was conducted on several melanoma‐related traits. This variant showed a significant association with melanoma development, tumor ulceration and cutaneous invasion. In conclusion, although the KIT gene would not be a major causal gene for melanoma development in pig, its genetic variation could be influencing this trait. 相似文献
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Background
Neuroticism is a personality component frequently found in anxious and depressive psychiatric disorders. The influence of neuroticism on negative emotions could be due to its action on stimuli related to fear and sadness, but this remains debated. Our goal was thus to better understand the impact of neuroticism through verbal and physiological assessment in response to stimuli inducing fear and sadness as compared to another negative emotion (disgust).Methods
Fifteen low neurotic and 18 high neurotic subjects were assessed on an emotional attending task by using film excerpts inducing fear, disgust, and sadness. We recorded skin conductance response (SCR) and corrugator muscle activity (frowning) as indices of emotional expression.Results
SCR was larger in high neurotic subjects than in low neurotics for fear relative to sadness and disgust. Moreover, corrugator activity and SCR were larger in high than in low neurotic subjects when fear was induced.Conclusion
After decades of evidence that individuals higher in neuroticism experience more intense emotional reactions to even minor stressors, our results indicate that they show greater SCR and expressive reactivity specifically to stimuli evoking fear rather than to those inducing sadness or disgust. Fear processing seems mainly under the influence of neuroticism. This modulation of autonomic activity by neurotics in response to threat/fear may explain their increased vulnerability to anxious psychopathologies such as PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder). 相似文献105.
Quantitative analysis of the binding of ezrin to large unilamellar vesicles containing phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate 下载免费PDF全文
The plasma membrane-cytoskeleton interface is a dynamic structure participating in a variety of cellular events. Among the proteins involved in the direct linkage between the cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane is the ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) family. The FERM (4.1 ezrin/radixin/moesin) domain in their N-terminus contains a phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) (membrane) binding site whereas their C-terminus binds actin. In this work, our aim was to quantify the interaction of ezrin with large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) containing PIP2. For this purpose, we produced human recombinant ezrin bearing a cysteine residue at its C-terminus for subsequent labeling with Alexa488 maleimide. The functionality of labeled ezrin was checked by comparison with that of wild-type ezrin. The affinity constant between ezrin and LUVs was determined by cosedimentation assays and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The affinity was found to be ∼5 μM for PIP2-LUVs and 20-to 70-fold lower for phosphatidylserine-LUVs. These results demonstrate, as well, that the interaction between ezrin and PIP2-LUVs is not cooperative. Finally, we found that ezrin FERM domain (area of ∼30 nm2) binding to a single PIP2 can block access to neighboring PIP2 molecules and thus contributes to lower the accessible PIP2 concentration. In addition, no evidence exists for a clustering of PIP2 induced by ezrin addition. 相似文献
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In leukemia cells, hyperthermia enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. The phenomenon is caspase-dependent and results in membrane changes leading to an increased recognition of TRAIL death receptors by TRAIL. Because either caspase-2 or an apical proteolytic event has been recently proposed to act as an initiator of the cell death mechanism induced by heat shock, we have investigated the hierarchy of caspase activation in cells exposed to the combined heat shock plus TRAIL treatment. We report here that caspases-2, -3, and -8 were the first caspases to be activated. As expected, caspase-8 is required and indispensable during the initiation of this death signaling. Caspase-2 may also participate in the phenomenon but, in contrast to caspase-8, its presence appears dispensable because its depletion by small interfering RNA is devoid of effects. Our observations also suggest a role of caspase-3 and of a particular cleaved form of this caspase during the early signals of heat shock plus TRAIL-induced apoptosis. 相似文献
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Pioz M Loison A Gauthier D Gibert P Jullien JM Artois M Gilot-Fromont E 《Oecologia》2008,155(4):691-704
Density-dependent and climatic factors affect reproduction and dynamics of wild ungulates. Parasites can also decrease reproductive
success through either a direct abortive effect or a negative impact on host growth and body condition. However, few studies
have investigated the effect of parasitism on fecundity of ungulates in natural conditions. We studied three bacterial infections
caused by Salmonella
enterica serovar Abortusovis, Chlamydophila abortus and Coxiella
burnetii. These bacteria are leading causes of reproductive failure in sheep, goat and cattle, which raises the question of their
influence on population dynamics of wild ungulates. A long-term study of demography and epidemiology of an alpine chamois
(Rupicapra rupicapra, L.) population (Les Bauges Reserve, France) and a generalized linear modeling approach were used to analyze the reproductive
success of chamois according to population density, weather conditions and the prevalence of antibodies against the three
bacteria in females. This approach enabled us to identify the confounding effect of weather and parasitism on fecundity in
a natural population. After accounting for density, the prevalence of antibodies against the three bacteria explained 36%
of the annual variation in reproductive success, and weather conditions explained an additional 31%. This study was, to our
knowledge, the first to compare the decrease in fecundity due to bacterial infections and weather conditions in a population
of wild mountain ungulates. 相似文献
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