一株粘质沙雷氏菌烈性噬菌体污水分离及特性

[目的]以粘质沙雷氏菌(8039)为宿主菌从医院污水中分离噬菌体并对其基本生物学特点进行研究.[方法]四步法污水分离噬菌体;单、双层平板噬菌斑实验筛选烈性噬菌体并观察噬菌斑形态;纯化后2%磷钨酸染色电镜观察;手工法提取噬菌体核酸酶切后琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析;利用双层平板噬菌斑实验测定最佳感染复数和完成一步生长实验.[结果]从医院污水中成功分离出粘质沙雷氏菌烈性噬菌体一株(SM701),该噬菌体有一个正多面体立体对称的头部,头径约64nm,无囊膜,有一长尾,无收缩尾鞘,尾长约143nm;基因组核酸能被双链DNA内切酶BamH Ⅰ及Hind Ⅲ切开,大小约57kb;噬菌斑圆形透明,直径1mm左右(培养12h,),边界清楚;当感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)为10时,子代噬菌体滴度较高;按照一步生长实验结果绘制出一步生长曲线,可知感染宿主菌的潜伏期是约为30min,爆发期约100min,平均爆发量约为630[结论]按照国际病毒分类委员会分类标准,该噬菌体属于长尾噬菌体科(siphoviridae)烈性噬菌体,按照Bradley和Ackermann形态分类法属于B1亚群;噬菌斑与周围红色细菌生长区,颜色差异明显,非常便于观察和计数;噬菌体头部大小和形态与呼吸道病毒中的呼肠病毒和腺病毒最为接近;国内尚未见粘质沙雷氏菌噬菌体相关报道.     

48种中药材的多种提取方法的提取物抑制内皮细胞和癌细胞增殖的活性研究

采用石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、乙醇、水为溶剂顺序或单独提取及热水提取药材,研究这些提取物对HUVEC、Bel-7402、A549细胞增殖的抑制活性,筛选具有抑制内皮细胞和癌细胞增殖活性的药材及其提取方法.本文所研究的48种中药材的不同提取方法的提取物抑制内皮细胞和癌细胞增殖的活性结果表明:41种中药材都具有一定的抗血管生成和/或抗癌细胞活性,其中对HUVEC、Bel-7402和A549细胞增殖明显抑制活性(IC50 ≤10 μg/mL)的药材分别有22种、6种和6种,对3种细胞的增殖都有明显抑制活性(IC50 ≤10 μg/mL)的药材有5种.     

不同细胞周期大鼠肝实质细胞癌细胞粘弹特性研究

以胸腺嘧啶核苷和秋水仙碱顺序阻断法及胸腺嘧啶核苷双阻断法分别获得同步化Ｇ１期和Ｓ期细胞,从细胞周期角度出发,采用微管吸吮技术对大鼠肝实质细胞癌细胞的粘弹特性进行了测定并以标准线性固体模型对实验数据进行了拟合,结果表明：该细胞具有高弹性和低粘性的总体特征;Ｇ１期细胞与Ｓ期细胞相比具有高Ｋ１值和低μ值的特点,从而显示Ｇ１期细胞比Ｓ期细胞具有更大的强度和更快的被动变形能力。这些结果不仅反映了同步化细胞存在的细胞骨架状态的周期性差异,也提示Ｇ１期细胞可能比Ｓ期细胞更适于在血流中存活和转移。     

Molecular genetic characterization of rice seed lipoxygenase 3 and assessment of its effects on seed longevity

Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are enzymes involved in lipid peroxidation. Here we reported the identification, molecular and functional characterization of the gene encoding rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed LOX3 (sLOX3). Via a map-based cloning strategy we identified Os03g0700400 as the candidate gene encoding sLOX3. Further functional complementary test and biochemical characterization of the recombinant Os03g0700400 protein verified the identification. The sLOX3 gene was highly expressed in roots, moderately in embryos and very weakly in leaves, leaf sheaths and stems. Transient expression experiment (in rice protoplasts) and subsequent laser confocal microscopic analysis demonstrated that the sLOX3 protein was localized into the cytosol. We next showed that overexpression of sLOX3 in a japonica sLOX3-normal rice cultivar, Wuyunjing 7 accelerated the decrease of seed germination ability when the seeds were routinely stored, which demonstrated that sLOX3 had a negative effect on seed longevity (storability). Meanwhile, an increased occurrence of embryo decay was observed in the same transgenic seeds, suggesting that sLOX3 might negatively affect seed longevity by facilitating colonization of particular seed pathogens. Our result forwarded the understanding of the effects of 9-LOX on rice seed longevity.     

花生根瘤菌类菌体氢氧化体系的研究

花生根瘤菌类菌体含有吸H₂酶,以O₂或亚甲蓝为电子受体均表现吸H₂活性。类菌体还原减氧化的吸收差示光谱在424、500、520、550、560、585及595 nm处呈现吸收峰,表明细胞色素c、b、和o参与H₂的氧化过程。CN-明显影响520、550、560 nm处的吸收峰,意味着有些细胞色素c和b对CN^-敏感,在H₂代谢中充当末端氧化酶的作用。抗霉素A、HONO、CN^-、N₃^-和DBMIB均强烈抑制吸H₂活性,但鱼藤酮不抑制吸H₂活性。说明细胞色素b、c、a和泛配参与H₂氧化的电子传递,而NADH脱氢酶不参与。花生根瘤菌类菌体的H₂氧化系统是个复杂具分支的电子传递体系。     

慢性肾脏病并发左室肥厚现况及其危险因素

目的：探索中老年慢性肾脏病并发左室肥厚（LVH）的现况及其危险因素。方法：对我院肾内科住院的40-75岁CKD2-5期患者210例的病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果：（1）心脏舒张功能减退发生率高于收缩功能减退（79.1%VS 20.3%P=0.000）;左房扩大检出率高于左室扩大检出率（46.5%VS 19.8%P=0.000）;室间隔增厚检出率（IVSH）也高于左室后壁增厚检出率（LVPWH）（43.0%VS 21.1%P=0.000）;LVH的发生率高于IVSH检出率（47.9%VS 35%P=0.001）,其中女性LVH高于男性（73.2%VS31.0%P=0.000）,然而若采用另外一种诊断标准,两者并无统计学差异（50%VS 34.5%P=0.068）。（2）IVSH组收缩压、脉压、血肌酐均高于无IVSH组。IVSH组除上述因素外血磷尚高于无IVSH组,但在CKD5期的亚组分析中仅收缩压与对照组相比有统计学差异。LVH组收缩压、脉压均高于无LVH组,而血红蛋白、体质指数则低于对照组。进一步Logistic回归分析提示仅性别、体质指数有统计学意义。结论：（1）40-75岁的心血管疾病高危的CKD患者中,采用超声心动图诊断LVH,根据公式计算的LVMI诊断阳性率最高,但诊断切点仍需进一步研究。（2）收缩压升高、脉压增大、贫血、低体质指数、女性均可能是LVH的危险因素,控制血压、纠正贫血和营养不良可能是防治LVH的重要靶点。     

Amino-terminal sequence of glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

Glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus is a structural component of the virion envelope which stimulates production of high titers of herpes simplex virus type-common neutralizing antibody. We carried out automated N-terminal amino acid sequencing studies on radiolabeled preparations of gD-1 (gD of herpes simplex virus type 1) and gD-2 (gD of herpes simplex virus type 2). Although some differences were noted, particularly in the methionine and alanine profiles for gD-1 and gD-2, the amino acid sequence of a number of the first 30 residues of the amino terminus of gD-1 and gD-2 appears to be quite similar. For both proteins, the first residue is a lysine. When we compared our sequence data for gD-1 with those predicted by nucleic acid sequencing, the two sequences could be aligned (with one exception) starting at residue 26 (lysine) of the predicted sequence. Thus, the first 25 amino acids of the predicted sequence are absent from the polypeptides isolated from infected cells.     

StructureSelector: A web‐based software to select and visualize the optimal number of clusters using multiple methods

Inferences of population genetic structure are of great importance to the fields of ecology and evolutionary biology. The program structure has been widely used to infer population genetic structure. However, previous studies demonstrated that uneven sampling often leads to wrong inferences on hierarchical structure. The most widely used ΔK method tends to identify the uppermost hierarchy of population structure. Recently, four alternative statistics (medmedk , medmeak , maxmedk and maxmeak ) were proposed, which appear to be more accurate than the previously used methods for both even and uneven sampling data. However, the lack of easy‐to‐use software limits the use of these appealing new estimators. Here, we developed a web‐based user‐friendly software structureselector to calculate the four appealing alternative statistics together with the commonly used Ln Pr(X|K) and ΔK statistics. structureselector accepts the result files of structure , admixture or faststructure as input files. It reports the “best” K for each estimator, and the results are available as HTML or tab separated tables. The program can also generate graphical representations for specific K, which can be easily downloaded from the server. The software is freely available at http://lmme.qdio.ac.cn/StructureSelector/ .     

FLP recombinase-mediated site-specific recombination in silkworm, Bombyx mori

A comprehensive understanding of gene function and the production of site-specific genetically modified mutants are two major goals of genetic engineering in the post-genomic era. Although site-specific recombination systems have been powerful tools for genome manipulation of many organisms, they have not yet been established for use in the manipulation of the silkworm Bombyx mori genome. In this study, we achieved site-specific excision of a target gene at predefined chromosomal sites in the silkworm using a FLP/FRT site-specific recombination system. We first constructed two stable transgenic target silkworm strains that both contain a single copy of the transgene construct comprising a target gene expression cassette flanked by FRT sites. Using pre-blastoderm microinjection of a FLP recombinase helper expression vector, 32 G3 site-specific recombinant transgenic individuals were isolated from five of 143 broods. The average frequency of FLP recombinase-mediated site-specific excision in the two target strains genome was approximately 3.5%. This study shows that it is feasible to achieve site-specific recombination in silkworms using the FLP/FRT system. We conclude that the FLP/FRT system is a useful tool for genome manipulation in the silkworm. Furthermore, this is the first reported use of the FLP/FRT system for the genetic manipulation of a lepidopteran genome and thus provides a useful reference for the establishment of genome manipulation technologies in other lepidopteran species.