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181.
182.
Philippe Connes Yann Lamarre Marie-Dominique Hardy-Dessources Nathalie Lemonne Xavier Waltz Danièle Mougenel Martin Mukisi-Mukaza Marie-Laure Lalanne-Mistrih Vanessa Tarer Benoit Tressières Maryse Etienne-Julan Marc Romana 《PloS one》2013,8(11)
Leg ulcer is a disabling complication in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) but the exact pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the hematological and hemorheological alterations associated with recurrent leg ulcers. Sixty-two SCA patients who never experienced leg ulcers (ULC-) and 13 SCA patients with a positive history of recurrent leg ulcers (ULC+) - but with no leg ulcers at the time of the study – were recruited. All patients were in steady state condition. Blood was sampled to perform hematological, biochemical (hemolytic markers) and hemorheological analyses (blood viscosity, red blood cell deformability and aggregation properties). The hematocrit-to-viscosity ratio (HVR), which reflects the red blood cell oxygen transport efficiency, was calculated for each subject. Patients from the ULC+ group were older than patients from the ULC- group. Anemia (red blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels) was more pronounced in the ULC+ group. Lactate dehydrogenase level was higher in the ULC+ group than in the ULC- group. Neither blood viscosity, nor RBC aggregation properties differed between the two groups. HVR was lower and RBC deformability tended to be reduced in the ULC+ group. Our study confirmed increased hemolytic rate and anemia in SCA patients with leg ulcers recurrence. Furthermore, our data suggest that although systemic blood viscosity is not a major factor involved in the pathophysiology of this complication, decreased red blood cell oxygen transport efficiency (i.e., low hematocrit/viscosity ratio) may play a role. 相似文献
183.
Hugues Ahiboh Allico J Djaman Félix H Yapi Angèle Edjeme-Aké Marie-Laure Hauhouot-Attoungbré Eric D Yayo 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(4):911-917
In the eukaryotic cell, phospholipids can be biosynthesized by two pathways, one from choline and the other one from ethanolamine. The functional effectiveness of each pathway depends on the type of the cell. Thiazolium designed-drugs have shown, under in vivo conditions, antiplasmodial and antimalarial activities with inhibition of the phospholipids biosynthesis. This study aimed to discover the pathways involved in the biosynthesis of phospholipids in Plasmodium and deduce the biochemical steps inhibited by T4, a bis-thiazolium bromide drug. We compared the uptake of radiolabeled precursors and their selective incorporation in the phospholipids of cultured Plasmodium-infected and -uninfected erythrocytes which revealed that phosphatidylcholine of Plasmodium is synthesized both from choline and ethanolamine (4.7 vs 1.9 nmol/1010 cells.h?1). T4 has no effect on the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine but T4 inhibited, in a selective way, the in vitro uptake of choline. However no enzymes in the biosynthesis of phospholipids seem to be inhibited by T4 but rather an inhibition of choline entry into the parasite. 相似文献
184.
185.
Modelling root demography in heterogeneous mountain forests and applications for slope stability analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhun Mao Christophe Jourdan Marie-Laure Bonis François Pailler Hervé Rey Laurent Saint-André Alexia Stokes 《Plant and Soil》2013,363(1-2):357-382
Background and aims
Plant roots provide mechanical cohesion (c r ) to soil on slopes which are prone to shallow landslides. c r varies in heterogeneous natural forests due to the spatial, inter- and intra-annual dynamics of root demography. Characterizing root initiation density and mortality, as well as how root growth is influenced by abiotic and biotic factors is essential for exploring a root system’s capacity to reinforce soil.Methods
In this study, root demography data were monitored using field rhizotrons during 1.5 years in two naturally regenerated mixed forests in the French Alps. These forests are composed of trees growing in groups (tree islands) with large gaps between the islands. Three categories of driving variables were measured: (i) spatial factors: altitude (1,400 m, 1,700 m), ecological patch (gap, tree island), soil depth (0.0–1.0 m divided into five layers of 0.2 m); (ii) temporal factors: month (12 months from March 2010 to February 2011), winter (winter of 2009–2010 and 2010–2011); (iii) biological factors: root diameter classes (]0, 1] mm, ]1, 2] mm, ]2, 5] mm (according to the international standard ISO 31–11, ]x, y] denotes a left half-open interval from x (excluded) to y (included)). Two types of two-part models, a Hurdle model (H) and a Zero-inflated model (ZI) were used to fit root data with a high zero population, i.e. if root initiation or mortality was zero during a given time period, or if roots were not present at all points throughout a soil profile.Results
Root initiation quantity decreased with increasing soil depth, as well as being lower in tree islands. Both soil depth and ecological patch interacted strongly with altitude. Root dynamics were significantly less active with a lower net production and c r increment in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. Roots which were ]1, 2] mm in diameter contributed the most to c r compared to other diameter classes, as they had a high production but a low mortality. With regard to model selection, both H and ZI demonstrated similar outcomes and underestimated extreme values of root demography data.Conclusion
All factors contributed towards explaining the variability of root demography and c r . We suggest taking into consideration the seasonality of root dynamics when studying root reinforcement. 相似文献186.
Aurélien Mercier Madougou Garba Henri Bonnabau Mamadou Kane Jean-Pierre Rossi Marie-Laure Dardé Gauthier Dobigny 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2013,108(4):399-407
A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii was
conducted on 766 domestic and peridomestic rodents from 46 trapping sites
throughout the city of Niamey, Niger. A low seroprevalence was found over the
whole town with only 1.96% of the rodents found seropositive. However,
differences between species were important, ranging from less than 2% in truly
commensal Mastomys natalensis, Rattus rattus
and Mus musculus, while garden-associated Arvicanthis niloticus
displayed 9.1% of seropositive individuals. This is in line with previous
studies on tropical rodents - that we reviewed here - which altogether show that
Toxoplasma seroprevalence in rodent is highly variable,
depending on many factors such as locality and/or species. Moreover, although we
were not able to decipher statistically between habitat or species effect, such
a contrast between Nile grass rats and the other rodent species points towards a
potentially important role of environmental toxoplasmic infection. This would
deserve to be further scrutinised since intra-city irrigated cultures are
extending in Niamey, thus potentially increasing Toxoplasma
circulation in this yet semi-arid region. As far as we are aware of, our study
is one of the rare surveys of its kind performed in Sub-Saharan Africa and the
first one ever conducted in the Sahel. 相似文献
187.
Natalie Jäger Matthias Schlesner David T.W. Jones Simon Raffel Jan-Philipp Mallm Kristin M. Junge Dieter Weichenhan Tobias Bauer Naveed Ishaque Marcel Kool Paul A. Northcott Andrey Korshunov Ruben M. Drews Jan Koster Rogier Versteeg Julia Richter Michael Hummel Stephen C. Mack Michael D. Taylor Hendrik Witt Benedict Swartman Dietrich Schulte-Bockholt Marc Sultan Marie-Laure Yaspo Hans Lehrach Barbara Hutter Benedikt Brors Stephan Wolf Christoph Plass Reiner Siebert Andreas Trumpp Karsten Rippe Irina Lehmann Peter Lichter Stefan M. Pfister Roland Eils 《Cell》2013
188.
Mert Döşkaya Ayşe Caner Daniel Ajzenberg Aysu Değirmenci Marie-Laure Dardé Hüseyin Can Derya Dirim Erdoğan Metin Korkmaz Ahmet Üner Çiğdem Güngör Kürşat Altıntaş Yüksel Gürüz 《Parasitology international》2013,62(5):471-474
IntroductionToxoplasma gondii is a protozoon parasite that has a worldwide dissemination. It can cause serious clinical problems such as congenital toxoplasmosis, retinochoroiditis, and encephalitis. Currently, T. gondii genotypes are being associated with these clinical presentations which may help clinicians design their treatment strategy.Case reportsTwo T. gondii strains named Ankara and Ege-1 were isolated from newborns with congenital toxoplasmosis in Central and Western Anatolia, respectively. Ankara and Ege-1 strains were isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of newborns. According to microsatellite analysis, Ankara and Ege-1 strains were sorted as Africa 1 genotype.ConclusionT. gondii strains isolated in Turkey were first time genotyped in this study. Africa 1 genotype has previously been isolated in immunosuppressed patients originating from sub-Saharan Africa. The reason of detecting a strain mainly detected in Africa can be associated with Turkey's specific geographical location. Turkey is like a bridge between Asia, Europe and Africa. Historically, Anatolia was on the Silk Road and other trading routes that ended in Europe. Thus, detecting Africa 1 strain in Anatolia can be anticipated. Consequently, strains detected mainly in Europe and Asia may also be detected in Anatolia and vice versa. Therefore, further studies are required to isolate more strains from Turkey. 相似文献
189.
Roscoe Klinck Angélique Fourrier Philippe Thibault Johanne Toutant Mathieu Durand Elvy Lapointe Marie-Laure Caillet-Boudin Nicolas Sergeant Geneviève Gourdon Giovanni Meola Denis Furling Jack Puymirat Benoit Chabot 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
With the goal of identifying splicing alterations in myotonic dystrophy 1 (DM1) tissues that may yield insights into targets or mechanisms, we have surveyed mis-splicing events in three systems using a RT-PCR screening and validation platform. First, a transgenic mouse model expressing CUG-repeats identified splicing alterations shared with other mouse models of DM1. Second, using cell cultures from human embryonic muscle, we noted that DM1-associated splicing alterations were significantly enriched in cytoskeleton (e.g. SORBS1, TACC2, TTN, ACTN1 and DMD) and channel (e.g. KCND3 and TRPM4) genes. Third, of the splicing alterations occurring in adult DM1 tissues, one produced a dominant negative variant of the splicing regulator RBFOX1. Notably, half of the splicing events controlled by MBNL1 were co-regulated by RBFOX1, and several events in this category were mis-spliced in DM1 tissues. Our results suggest that reduced RBFOX1 activity in DM1 tissues may amplify several of the splicing alterations caused by the deficiency in MBNL1. 相似文献
190.
Hüseyin Can Mert D??kaya Daniel Ajzenberg H. G?khan ?zdemir Ay?e Caner Sultan Gülce ?z Aysu De?irmenci D??kaya Esra Atalay ?a?da? ?etinkaya Saygun ürgen Sabire Kara?al? Cemal ün Marie-Laure Dardé Yüksel Gürüz 《PloS one》2014,9(8)
Currently, some Toxoplasma gondii genotypes are being associated with serious clinical presentations. A recent report showing the Africa 1 genotype in two local congenital toxoplasmosis cases acquired in Turkey formed the basis of this study because atypical Africa 1 genotype is most frequently detected in animals and patients from sub-Saharan Africa. Since stray cats are considered as the linkage between wild life and urban life in T. gondii transmission, the present study aimed to isolate and characterize T. gondii strains circulating in stray cats of İzmir (Western Turkey). A secondary objective was to determine toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in this cat population. Tissues obtained from 100 deceased stray cats were bioassayed and isolated strains were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers. In addition, toxoplasmosis seroprevalence was analyzed in 1121 cat sera collected from several large veterinary clinics in İzmir. Among the 22 isolates, 19 were Type II (86.3%), two were Type III (9%) and one was Africa 1 genotype (4.5%). The overall seropositivity rates in cats were 42–48% and 33.4–34.4% according to IFA and ELISA, respectively. Seroprevalence in deceased cats was significantly higher than in healthy cats (P = 0.0033). Finding both the major clonal Type II lineage together with the Type III lineage also found in Middle East, and an atypical genotype, Africa 1 appears consistent with the specific geographic location of Turkey between three continents and raises the possibility of transportation of these strains between continents through trade routes or long distance migratory birds. In addition, the first large study of toxoplasma seroprevalence in a stray cat population was also reported. The relatively high seropositivity rates and the variety of T. gondii genotypes confirm the local stray cat population as a risk factor for human toxoplasmosis in İzmir. 相似文献