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81.
Fred Bernardes Filho Jaci Maria Santana Regina Coeli Palma de Almeida Glauber Voltan Natlia Aparecida de Paula Marcel Nani Leite Claudia Maria Lincoln Silva Camila Tormena Lean Basoli Joelma Menezes Moises Batista da Silva John Stewart Spencer Wilson Marques Jr Norma Tiraboschi Foss Marco Andrey Cipriani Frade 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2020,14(12)
BackgroundThis study evaluates an active search strategy for leprosy diagnosis based on responses to a Leprosy Suspicion Questionnaire (LSQ), and analyzing the clinical, immunoepidemiological and follow-up aspects for individuals living in a prison population.MethodsA cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire posing 14 questions about leprosy symptoms and signs that was distributed to 1,400 prisoners. This was followed by dermatoneurological examination, anti-PGL-I serology and RLEP-PCR. Those without leprosy were placed in the Non-leprosy Group (NLG, n = 1,216) and those diagnosed with clinical symptoms of leprosy were placed in the Leprosy Group (LG, n = 34).FindingsIn total, 896 LSQ were returned (64%), and 187 (20.9%) of the responses were deemed as positive for signs/symptoms, answering 2.7 questions on average. Clinically, 1,250 (89.3%) of the prisoners were evaluated resulting in the diagnosis of 34 new cases (LG), based on well-accepted clinical signs and symptoms, a new case detection rate of 2.7% within this population, while the NLG were comprised of 1,216 individuals. The confinement time medians were 39 months in the LG while it was 36 months in the NLG (p>0.05). The 31 leprosy cases who responded to the questionnaire (LSQ+) had an average of 1.5 responses. The symptoms “anesthetized skin area” and “pain in nerves” were most commonly mentioned in the LG while “tingling, numbness in the hands/feet”, “sensation of pricks and needles”, “pain in nerves” and “spots on the skin” responses were found in more than 30% of questionnaires in the NLG. Clinically, 88.2% had dysesthetic macular skin lesions and 97.1% presented some peripheral nerve impairment, 71.9% with some degree of disability. All cases were multibacillary, confirming a late diagnosis. Anti-PGL-I results in the LG were higher than in the NLG (p<0.0001), while the RLEP-PCR was positive in 11.8% of the patients.InterpretationOur findings within the penitentiary demonstrated a hidden prevalence of leprosy, although the individuals diagnosed were likely infected while living in their former communities and not as a result of exposure in the prison. The LSQ proved to be an important screening tool to help identify leprosy cases in prisons. 相似文献
82.
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84.
Integrated requirement of non‐specific and sequence‐specific DNA binding in Myc‐driven transcription
85.
Brooke Sadler Jackson Wilborn Lilian Antunes Timothy Kuensting Andrew T. Hale Stephen R. Gannon Kevin McCall Carlos Cruchaga Matthew Harms Norine Voisin Alexandre Reymond Gerarda Cappuccio Nicola Brunetti-Pierri Marco Tartaglia Marcello Niceta Chiara Leoni Giuseppe Zampino Allison Ashley-Koch Gabe Haller 《American journal of human genetics》2021,108(1):100-114
86.
Brooke Sadler Jackson Wilborn Lilian Antunes Timothy Kuensting Andrew T. Hale Stephen R. Gannon Kevin McCall Carlos Cruchaga Matthew Harms Norine Voisin Alexandre Reymond Gerarda Cappuccio Nicola Brunetti-Pierri Marco Tartaglia Marcello Niceta Chiara Leoni Giuseppe Zampino Allison Ashley-Koch Gabe Haller 《American journal of human genetics》2021,108(2):368
87.
88.
Emilie Toews Marco Musiani Sylvia Checkley Darcy Visscher Alessandro Massolo 《International journal for parasitology》2021,51(5):379-392
Echinococcus multilocularis, the aetiological agent of human Alveolar Echinococcosis, is transmitted between small mammals and wild or domestic canids. Dogs infected with E. multilocularis as dead-end hosts. Whereas E. multilocularis infections in wild hosts and humans have been well-studied in recent decades, infections in domestic dogs are sparsely reported. This literature review and meta-analysis highlighted gaps in the available data and provided a re-assessment of the global distribution of domestic dog E. multilocularis infections. We found 46 published articles documenting the prevalence of E. multilocularis in domestic dogs from 21 countries across Europe, Asia and North America. Apparent prevalence estimates ranged from 0.00% (0.00–0.33%) in Germany to 55.50% (26.67–81.12%) in China. Most studies were conducted in areas of high human Alveolar Echinococcosis. By accounting for reassessed diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, we estimated true prevalence in a subset of studies, which varied between 0.00% (0.00–12.42%) and 41.09% (21.12–65.81%), as these true prevalence estimates were seldom reported in the articles themselves. Articles also showed a heavy emphasis on rural dogs, dismissing urban ones, which is concerning due to the role urbanisation plays in the transmission of zoonotic diseases, especially those utilising pets as definitive hosts. Lastly, population studies on canine Alveolar Echinococcosis were absent, highlighting the relative focus on human rather than animal health. We thus developed a framework for investigating domestic dog E. multilocularis infections and performing risk assessment of dog-associated transmission to fill the gaps found in the literature. 相似文献
89.
Maglieri Veronica Riccobono Marco Germain Giunchi Dimitri Palagi Elisabetta 《Journal of Ethology》2021,39(3):287-296
Journal of Ethology - By gathering data on people during their ordinary daily activities, we tested if looking at, but not manipulating, smartphones led to a mimicry response in the observer.... 相似文献
90.
Roman Jansen Holger Morschett Dennis Hasenklever Matthias Moch Wolfgang Wiechert Marco Oldiges 《Biotechnology progress》2021,37(4):e3144
In recent years, many fungal genomes have become publicly available. In combination with novel gene editing tools, this allows for accelerated strain construction, making filamentous fungi even more interesting for the production of valuable products. However, besides their extraordinary production and secretion capacities, fungi most often exhibit challenging morphologies, which need to be screened for the best operational window. Thereby, combining genetic diversity with various environmental parameters results in a large parameter space, creating a strong demand for time-efficient phenotyping technologies. Microbioreactor systems, which have been well established for bacterial organisms, enable an increased cultivation throughput via parallelization and miniaturization, as well as enhanced process insight via non-invasive online monitoring. Nevertheless, only few reports about microtiter plate cultivation for filamentous fungi in general and even less with online monitoring exist in literature. Moreover, screening under batch conditions in microscale, when a fed-batch process is performed in large-scale might even lead to the wrong identification of optimized parameters. Therefore, in this study a novel workflow for Aspergillus niger was developed, allowing for up to 48 parallel microbioreactor cultivations in batch as well as fed-batch mode. This workflow was validated against lab-scale bioreactor cultivations to proof scalability. With the optimized cultivation protocol, three different micro-scale fed-batch strategies were tested to identify the best protein production conditions for intracellular model product GFP. Subsequently, the best feeding strategy was again validated in a lab-scale bioreactor. 相似文献