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991.
992.
Rigano LA Siciliano F Enrique R Sendín L Filippone P Torres PS Qüesta J Dow JM Castagnaro AP Vojnov AA Marano MR 《Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI》2007,20(10):1222-1230
The phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri is responsible for the canker disease affecting citrus plants throughout the world. Here, we have evaluated the role of bacterial attachment and biofilm formation in leaf colonization during canker development on lemon leaves. Crystal violet staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of X. axonopodis pv. citri strains expressing the green fluorescent protein were used to evaluate attachment and biofilm formation on abiotic and biotic (leaf) surfaces. Wild-type X. axonopodis pv. citri attached to and formed a complex, structured biofilm on glass in minimal medium containing glucose. Similar attachment and structured biofilm formation also were seen on lemon leaves. An X. axonopodis pv. citri gumB mutant strain, defective in production of the extracellular polysaccharide xanthan, did not form a structured biofilm on either abiotic or biotic surfaces. In addition, the X. axonopodis pv. citri gumB showed reduced growth and survival on leaf surfaces and reduced disease symptoms. These findings suggest an important role for formation of biofilms in the epiphytic survival of X. axonopodis pv. citri prior to development of canker disease. 相似文献
993.
994.
Rodríguez-Muñoz M de la Torre-Madrid E Gaitán G Sánchez-Blázquez P Garzón J 《Cellular signalling》2007,19(12):2558-2571
Opioid agonists display different capacities to stimulate mu-opioid receptor (MOR) endocytosis, which is related to their ability to provoke the phosphorylation of specific cytosolic residues in the MORs. Generally, opioids that efficiently promote MOR endocytosis and recycling produce little tolerance, as is the case for [d-Ala2, N-MePhe4,Gly-ol5] encephalin (DAMGO). However, morphine produces rapid and profound antinociceptive desensitization in the adult mouse brain associated with little MOR internalization. The regulator of G-protein signaling, the RGS14 protein, associates with MORs in periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) neurons, and when RGS14 is silenced morphine increased the serine 375 phosphorylation in the C terminus of the MOR, a GRK substrate. Subsequently, these receptors were internalized and recycled back to the membrane where they accumulated on cessation of antinociception. These mice now exhibited a resensitized response to morphine and little tolerance developed. Thus, in morphine-activated MORs the RGS14 prevents GRKs from phosphorylating those residues required for β-arresting-mediated endocytosis. Moreover morphine but not DAMGO triggered a process involving calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) in naïve mice, which contributes to MOR desensitization in the plasma membrane. In RGS14 knockdown mice morphine failed to activate this kinase. It therefore appears that phosphorylation and internalization of MORs disrupts the CaMKII-mediated negative regulation of these opioid receptors. 相似文献
995.
María Lourdes Acosta Asterio Sánchez Francisco García Antonio Contreras Emilio Molina 《Cytotechnology》2007,54(3):189-200
Batch cultures were carried out to study the kinetic, stoichiometry, and regulation of glucose and glutamine metabolism of
a murine hybridoma line. Asymmetric logistic equations (ALEs) were used to fit total and viable cell density, and nutrient
and metabolite/product concentrations. Since these equations were analytically differentiable, specific rates and yield coefficients
were readily calculated. Asymmetric logistic equations described satisfactorily uncontrolled batch cultures, including death
phase. Specific growth rate showed a Monod-type dependence on initial glucose and glutamine concentrations. Yield coefficients
of cell and lactate from glucose, and cell and ammonium from glutamine were all found to change dramatically at low residual
glucose and glutamine concentrations. Under stoichiometric glucose limitation, the glucose-to-cell yield increased and glucose-to-lactate
yield decreased, indicating a metabolic shift. Under stoichiometric glutamine limitation the glutamine-to-cell and glutamine-to-ammonium
yields increased, but also glucose-to-cell yield increased and the glucose-to-lactate yield decreased. Monoclonal antibody
production was mainly non-growth associated, independently of glucose and glutamine levels. 相似文献
996.
The objectives of this work were to isolate the microorganisms responsible for a previously observed degradation of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil and to test a method for cleaning a PAH-contaminated soil. An efficient PAH degrader was
isolated from an agricultural soil and designated as Mycobacterium LP1. In liquid culture, it degraded phenanthrene (58%), pyrene (24%), anthracene (21%) and benzo(a)pyrene (10%) present in mixture (initial concentration 50 μg ml−1 each) and phenanthrene (92%) and pyrene (94%) as sole carbon sources after 14 days of incubation at 30°C. In soil, Mycobacterium LP1 mineralised 14C-phenanthrene (45%) and 14C-pyrene (65%) after 10 days. The good ability of this Mycobacterium was combined with the benzo(a)pyrene oxidation effect obtained by 1% w/w rapeseed oil in a sequential treatment of a PAH-spiked soil (total PAH concentration
200 mg kg−1). The first step was incubation with the bacterium for 12 days and the second step was the addition of the rapeseed oil after
this time and a further incubation of 22 days. Phenanthrene (99%), pyrene (95%) and anthracene (99%) were mainly degraded
in the first 12 days and a total of 85% of benzo(a)pyrene was transformed during the whole process. The feasibility of the method is discussed. 相似文献
997.
Redko F Clavin ML Weber D Ranea F Anke T Martino V 《Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences》2007,62(3-4):164-168
The isoflavonoids coumestrol, genistein and daidzein have been isolated and identified by bioassay-guided fractionation from the acetone extract of Erythrina crista galli young twigs infected with Phomopsis sp. These compounds showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus brevis (MIC values 16.3, 64.8 and 137.8 microM, respectively). This is the first time that coumestrol, besides lutein and n-nonacosane, are reported in this species. 相似文献
998.
999.
A new species of Neopetitia San Martín, 2003 is described from intertidal and shallow subtidal soft-bottom stations on the eastern and western coast of Tenerife, Canary
Islands. The new species is characterized by the presence in males of a modified acicular chaeta in chaetiger 11. A discussion
of known species of the genus is presented. 相似文献
1000.