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91.
Shuyu Liu Lei Zhang Yupeng Sang Qiang Lai Xinxin Zhang Changfu Jia Zhiqin Long Jiali Wu Tao Ma Kangshan Mao Nathaniel R Street Pr K Ingvarsson Jianquan Liu Jing Wang 《Molecular biology and evolution》2022,39(2)
Hybridization and resulting introgression are important processes shaping the tree of life and appear to be far more common than previously thought. However, how the genome evolution was shaped by various genetic and evolutionary forces after hybridization remains unresolved. Here we used whole-genome resequencing data of 227 individuals from multiple widespread Populus species to characterize their contemporary patterns of hybridization and to quantify genomic signatures of past introgression. We observe a high frequency of contemporary hybridization and confirm that multiple previously ambiguous species are in fact F1 hybrids. Seven species were identified, which experienced different demographic histories that resulted in strikingly varied efficacy of selection and burdens of deleterious mutations. Frequent past introgression has been found to be a pervasive feature throughout the speciation of these Populus species. The retained introgressed regions, more generally, tend to contain reduced genetic load and to be located in regions of high recombination. We also find that in pairs of species with substantial differences in effective population size, introgressed regions are inferred to have undergone selective sweeps at greater than expected frequencies in the species with lower effective population size, suggesting that introgression likely have higher potential to provide beneficial variation for species with small populations. Our results, therefore, illustrate that demography and recombination have interplayed with both positive and negative selection in determining the genomic evolution after hybridization. 相似文献
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95.
Jin-Tao Wang Jing-Bo Zhou Xue-Ling Mao Li Zhou Meirong Chen Wenhua Zhang En-Duo Wang Xiao-Long Zhou 《Nucleic acids research》2022,50(4):2223
N 6-Threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) is a universal and pivotal tRNA modification. KEOPS in eukaryotes participates in its biogenesis, whose mutations are connected with Galloway-Mowat syndrome. However, the tRNA substrate selection mechanism by KEOPS and t6A modification function in mammalian cells remain unclear. Here, we confirmed that all ANN-decoding human cytoplasmic tRNAs harbor a t6A moiety. Using t6A modification systems from various eukaryotes, we proposed the possible coevolution of position 33 of initiator tRNAMet and modification enzymes. The role of the universal CCA end in t6A biogenesis varied among species. However, all KEOPSs critically depended on C32 and two base pairs in the D-stem. Knockdown of the catalytic subunit OSGEP in HEK293T cells had no effect on the steady-state abundance of cytoplasmic tRNAs but selectively inhibited tRNAIle aminoacylation. Combined with in vitro aminoacylation assays, we revealed that t6A functions as a tRNAIle isoacceptor-specific positive determinant for human cytoplasmic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS1). t6A deficiency had divergent effects on decoding efficiency at ANN codons and promoted +1 frameshifting. Altogether, our results shed light on the tRNA recognition mechanism, revealing both commonality and diversity in substrate recognition by eukaryotic KEOPSs, and elucidated the critical role of t6A in tRNAIle aminoacylation and codon decoding in human cells. 相似文献
96.
Mapping QTLs and candidate genes for rice root traits under different water-supply conditions and comparative analysis across three populations 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Zheng BS Yang L Zhang WP Mao CZ Wu YR Yi KK Liu FY Wu P 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,107(8):1505-1515
To investigate the genetic factors underlying constitutive and adaptive morphological traits of roots under different water-supply conditions, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the lowland rice variety IR1552 and the upland rice variety Azucena with 249 molecular markers, was used in cylindrical-pot experiments. Eighteen QTLs were detected for seminal root length (SRL), adventitious root number (ARN), and lateral root length (LRL) and lateral root number (LRN) on the seminal root at a soil depth of from 3 to 6 cm under flooding and upland conditions. One identical QTL was detected under both flooding and upland conditions. The relative parameters under the two water-supply conditions were also used for QTL analysis. Five QTLs for upland induced variations in the traits were detected with the positive alleles from Azucena. A comparative analysis was performed for the QTLs detected in this study and those reported from two other populations with Azucena as a parent. Several identical QTLs for root elongation were found across the three populations with positive alleles from Azucena. Candidate genes were screened from ESTs and cDNA-AFLP clones for comparative mapping with the detected QTLs. Two genes for cell expansion, OsEXP2 and endo-1,4--D-glucanase EGase, and four cDNA-AFLP clones from root tissues of Azucena, were mapped on the intervals carrying the QTLs for SRL and LRL under upland conditions, respectively.Communicated by H.C. Becker 相似文献
97.
通过动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗提高对十二指肠恶性梗阻姑息性治疗的疗效。十二指肠恶性梗阻病例14例,男5例,女9例,年龄20-69岁,经口安置自膨式十二指肠金属支架共15枚,其中12例在支架安置后定期行肿瘤供血动脉插管介入化疗,所有病例梗阻症状解除,2例未行动脉灌药治疗者分别于2个月及4个月死亡,12例双介入者生存期明显延长,最短6月,最长已达一年,结论:双介入治疗能够姑息治疗疗效延长晚期瘤患 相似文献
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mRNA靶点筛选方法研究进展 总被引:9,自引:4,他引:9
mRNA靶点筛选问题是反义核酸领域的一个难题。近年来出现了多种筛选mRNA上可接近位点以确定靶位点的方法,包括mRNA实测分析法和计算机模拟分析两大类。其中mRNA实测分析法又包括多种针对自然折叠mRNA的实验分析技术;即基因walk技术,RNaseH作图技术、寡核苷酸微阵列技术,酶作图法确定二级结构技术,核酶导向型随机RNA库位点筛选技术和随机寡核苷酸库结合逆转录位点筛选技术。这些方法在鉴定RNA可接近位点及反义核酸的设计方面均有重要作用。 相似文献
100.
中国南海单肢水母属二新种(丝螅水母目,高手水母科) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
记述了采自南海花水母亚纲Anthomedusae Haeckel,1879、丝螅水母目Filifera Kühn,1913、高手水母科Bougain villidae Lütken,1850、单肢水母属Nubiella Bouillon,19802新种,即球形单肢水母N. globosa Lin,Xu et Huang,sp.nov.和球腺单肢水母N. globogona Wang,Guo et Xue,sp.nov.,对新种特征进行了绘图和描述。模式标本保存于国家海洋局第三海洋研究所。 相似文献