Changes in Two Point Discrimination and the law of mobility in Diabetes Mellitus patients

Background

Though retrograde neuronal death and vascular insufficiency have been well established in plegics following intracerebral hemorrhage, the effects of plegia on arterial nervorums of peripheral nerves have not been reported. In this study, the histopathological effects of the intracerebral hemorrhage on the dorsal root ganglions and sciatic nerves via affecting the arterial nervorums were investigated.

Methods

This study was conducted on 13 male hybrid rabbits. Three animals were taken as control group and did not undergo surgery. The remaining 10 subjects were anesthetized and were injected with 0.50 ml of autologous blood into their right sensory-motor region. All rabbits were followed-up for two months and then sacrificed. Endothelial cell numbers and volume values were estimated a three dimensionally created standardized arterial nervorums model of lumbar 3. Neuron numbers of dorsal root ganglions, and axon numbers in the lumbar 3 nerve root and volume values of arterial nervorums were examined histopathologically. The results were analyzed by using a Mann-Whitney-U test.

Results

Left hemiplegia developed in 8 animals. On the hemiplegic side, degenerative vascular changes and volume reduction in the arterial nervorums of the sciatic nerves, neuronal injury in the dorsal root ganglions, and axonal injury in the lumbar 3 were detected. Statistical analyses showed a significant correlation between the normal or nonplegic sides and plegic sides in terms of the neurodegeneration in the dorsal root ganglions (p < 0.005), axonal degeneration in the lumbar 3 nerve roots (p < 0.005), endothelial cell degeneration in the arterial nervorums (p < 0.001), and volume reduction in the arterial nervorums (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Intracerebral hemorrhage resulted in neurodegeneration in the dorsal root ganglion and axonolysis in the sciatic nerves, endothelial injury, and volume reduction of the arterial nervorums in the sciatic nerves. The interruption of the neural network connection in the walls of the arterial nervorums in the sciatic nerves may be responsible for circulation disorders of the arterial nervorums, and arterial nervorums degeneration could result in sciatic nerves injury.     

Structural,Optical and Micro-Raman Scattering Studies of Nanosized Copper Ion (Cu+) Exchanged Soda Lime Glasses

Copper nanoclusters embedded in soda lime glass are prepared by ion exchanged method. The ion exchanged glasses are annealed in air for 1 h at different temperature. These samples exhibit surface plasmon and surface enhancement effect. UV-visible optical absorption spectroscopic analysis shows the signature of the copper nanocluster in the ion exchanged glasses. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique is used to characterize the copper ion exchanged and annealed glasses. Additional results are obtained by SERS for optimizing the SERS substrate. The highest Raman enhancement is obtained for substrates with high cluster size. The micro-Raman scattering spectroscopic images of ion exchanged and different temperature annealed glasses support the optical absorption spectroscopy results.     

Ouabain-insensitivity of highly active Na+, K+-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase from rat kidney.

Highly purified preparations of Na⁺+K⁺-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase were isolated from rat kidney by two different procedures. The I₅₀ values for ouabain inhibition of the rat kidney enzyme at various stages of purification were determined to be essentially the same for all fractions tested (0.7 to 1.0 × 10^?4M). These results suggest that the marked insensitivity of the rat enzyme to inhibition by cardiac glycosides is due to the primary structure of the enzyme, and not to some other component in the tissue.     

RoBuST: an integrated genomics resource for the root and bulb crop families Apiaceae and Alliaceae

Background  

Root and bulb vegetables (RBV) include carrots, celeriac (root celery), parsnips (Apiaceae), onions, garlic, and leek (Alliaceae)—food crops grown globally and consumed worldwide. Few data analysis platforms are currently available where data collection, annotation and integration initiatives are focused on RBV plant groups. Scientists working on RBV include breeders, geneticists, taxonomists, plant pathologists, and plant physiologists who use genomic data for a wide range of activities including the development of molecular genetic maps, delineation of taxonomic relationships, and investigation of molecular aspects of gene expression in biochemical pathways and disease responses. With genomic data coming from such diverse areas of plant science, availability of a community resource focused on these RBV data types would be of great interest to this scientific community.     

Social upliftment of coastal fisher women through seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty) farming in Tamil Nadu,India

A growth study of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed cultivation was conducted using the raft method and by implementing best practices in three coastal districts: Ramanathapuram, Pudukkottai, and Tuticorin in Tamil Nadu, India. From the growth data, economics and self-help group (SHG) per individual income were also calculated. Cultivation was conducted by brown monotype using raft method. The study was conducted from January 2008 to December 2010. The maximum average freshweed per raft yield was 260.98?±?3.45 kg (in 2010) in Ramanathapuram and the lowest was 172.89?±?2.77 kg (in 2009) in Pudukkottai after 45 days. The maximum average daily growth rate (ADGR) was 3.27 ± 0.41 % (in 2010) in Ramanathapuram and 2.35 ± 0.18 % (in 2009) in Pudukkottai after 45 days. One SHG of five members requires a working capital and total investment of Rs 225,000 (US$4,091). Best practices to get good income were implemented in 2010 in all three districts, and their average approximate income Increased from Rs 35,000 (US$636) to more than 50,000 (US$909) SHG^-1 month^?1. The farming of K. alvarezii by using best practices has brought tremendous social impact to coastal fisher women.