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151.
Molecular Dissection of the Rho-associated Protein Kinase (p160ROCK)-regulated Neurite Remodeling in Neuroblastoma N1E-115 Cells 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
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Masaya Hirose Toshimasa Ishizaki Naoki Watanabe Masayoshi Uehata Onno Kranenburg Wouter H. Moolenaar Fumio Matsumura Midori Maekawa Haruhiko Bito Shuh Narumiya 《The Journal of cell biology》1998,141(7):1625-1636
A critical role for the small GTPase Rho and one of its targets, p160ROCK (a Rho-associated coiled coil-forming protein kinase), in neurite remodeling was examined in neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells. Using wild-type and a dominant-negative form of p160ROCK and a p160ROCK-specific inhibitor, Y-27632, we show here that p160ROCK activation is necessary and sufficient for the agonist-induced neurite retraction and cell rounding. The neurite retraction was accompanied by elevated phosphorylation of myosin light chain and the disassembly of the intermediate filaments and microtubules. Y-27632 blocked both neurite retraction and the elevation of myosin light chain phosphorylation in a similar concentration-dependent manner. On the other hand, suppression of p160ROCK activity by expression of a dominant-negative form of p160ROCK induced neurites in the presence of serum by inducing the reassembly of the intermediate filaments and microtubules. The neurite outgrowth by the p160ROCK inhibition was blocked by coexpression of dominant-negative forms of Cdc42 and Rac, indicating that p160ROCK constitutively and negatively regulates neurite formation at least in part by inhibiting activation of Cdc42 and Rac. The assembly of microtubules and intermediate filaments to form extended processes by inhibitors of the Rho–ROCK pathway was also observed in Swiss 3T3 cells. These results indicate that Rho/ROCK-dependent tonic inhibition of cell process extension is exerted via activation of the actomysin-based contractility, in conjunction with a suppression of assembly of intermediate filaments and microtubules in many cell types including, but not exclusive to, neuronal cells. 相似文献
152.
DNA Supercoiling Factor Localizes to Puffs on Polytene Chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Masatomo Kobayashi Noriko Aita Shigeo Hayashi Kohichi Okada Tsutomu Ohta Susumu Hirose 《Molecular and cellular biology》1998,18(11):6737-6744
DNA supercoiling factor (SCF) was first identified in silkworm as a protein that generates negative supercoils in DNA in conjunction with eukaryotic topoisomerase II. To analyze the in vivo role of the factor, we cloned a cDNA encoding Drosophila melanogaster SCF. Northern analysis revealed 1.6- and 1.8-kb mRNAs throughout development. The longer mRNA contains an open reading frame that shares homology with mouse reticulocalbin whereas the shorter one encodes a truncated version lacking the N-terminal signal peptide-like sequence. An antibody against SCF detected a 45-kDa protein in the cytoplasmic fraction and a 30-kDa protein in the nuclear fraction of embryonic extracts. Immunoprecipitation suggests that the 30-kDa protein interacts with topoisomerase II in the nucleus, and hence that it is a functional form of SCF. Immunostaining of blastoderm embryos showed that SCF is present in nuclei during interphase but is excluded from mitotic chromosomes. In larvae, the antibody stained the nuclei of several tissues including a posterior part of the salivary gland. This latter staining was associated with natural or ecdysteroid-induced puffs on polytene chromosomes. Upon heat treatment of larvae, the staining on the endogenous puffs disappeared, and strong staining appeared on heat shock puffs. These results implicate SCF in gene expression. 相似文献
153.
Satoshi Toda Takuya Hirose Kanako Kakiuchi Hirosato Kodama Keisuke Kijima Masatoshi Mochizuki 《Applied Entomology and Zoology》2014,49(2):231-239
Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous thrips species. Recently, a novel strain of S. dorsalis attacking capsicum crops was found in Japan. A molecular phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences revealed that the capsicum-associated populations were genetically different from Japanese native strains and were closely related to Southeast Asian populations. We named the capsicum-associated populations “strain C” and the Japanese native ones “strain YT”. A total of 10 haplotypes were found in strain C and 26 in strain YT. To differentiate the two strains, we developed a multiplex-PCR method using the ribosomal ITS2 region. 相似文献
154.
Shigero Tamba Rieko Yodoi Kazushi Morimoto Tomoaki Inazumi Mamiko Sukeno Eri Segi-Nishida Yasushi Okuno Gozoh Tsujimoto Shuh Narumiya Yukihiko Sugimoto 《Biochimie》2010
To understand the role of prostaglandin (PG) receptor EP2 (Ptger2) signaling in ovulation and fertilization, we investigated time-dependent expression profiles in wild-type (WT) and Ptger2−/− cumuli before and after ovulation by using microarrays. We prepared cumulus cells from mice just before and 3, 9 and 14 h after human chorionic gonadotropin injection. Key genes including cAMP-related and epidermal growth factor (EGF) genes, as well as extracellular matrix- (ECM-) related and chemokine genes were up-regulated in WT cumuli at 3 h and 14 h, respectively. Ptger2 deficiency differently affected the expression of many of the key genes at 3 h and 14 h. These results indicate that the gene expression profile of cumulus cells greatly differs before and after ovulation, and in each situation, PGE2-EP2 signaling plays a critical role in cAMP-regulated gene expression in the cumulus cells under physiological conditions. 相似文献
155.
Takuji Tsuji Yusaku Ohta Yuya Kanno Kenzo Hirose Kazumasa Ohashi Kensaku Mizuno 《Molecular biology of the cell》2010,21(20):3590-3600
The Wnt-induced planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway is essential for polarized cell migration and morphogenesis. Dishevelled (Dvl) and its binding protein Daam1 mediate RhoA activation in this pathway. WGEF, a member of the Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Rho-GEF) family, was shown to play a role in Wnt-induced RhoA activation in Xenopus embryos. However, it has remained unknown which member(s) of a Rho-GEF family are involved in Wnt/Dvl-induced RhoA activation in mammalian cells. Here we identified p114-RhoGEF and Lfc (also called GEF-H1) as the Rho-GEFs responsible for Wnt-3a–induced RhoA activation in N1E-115 mouse neuroblastoma cells. We screened for Rho-GEF–silencing short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) that are capable of suppressing Dvl-induced neurite retraction in N1E-115 cells and found that p114-RhoGEF and Lfc shRNAs, but not WGEF shRNA, suppressed Dvl- and Wnt-3a–induced neurite retraction. p114-RhoGEF and Lfc shRNAs also inhibited Dvl- and Wnt-3a–induced RhoA activation, and p114-RhoGEF and Lfc proteins were capable of binding to Dvl and Daam1. Additionally, the Dvl-binding domains of p114-RhoGEF and Lfc inhibited Dvl-induced neurite retraction. Our results suggest that p114-RhoGEF and Lfc are critically involved in Wnt-3a– and Dvl-induced RhoA activation and neurite retraction in N1E-115 cells. 相似文献
156.
157.
Eriko Nishimura Emi Suzaki Mami Irie Hisae Nagashima Tadaki Hirose 《Ecological Research》2010,25(2):383-393
Light climates strongly influence plant architecture and mass allocation. Using the metamer concept, we quantitatively described
branching architecture and growth of Chenopodium album plants grown solitarily or in a dense stand. Metamer is a unit of plant construction that is composed of an internode and
the upper node with a leaf and a subtended axillary bud. The number of metamers on the main-axis stem increased with plant
growth, but did not differ between solitary and dense-stand plants. Solitary plants had shorter thicker internodes with branches
larger in size and number than the plant in the dense stand. Leaf area on the main stem was not different. Larger leaf area
in solitary plants was due to a larger number of leaves on branches. Leaf mass per area (LMA) was higher in solitary plants.
It did not significantly differ between the main axis and branches in solitary plants, whereas in the dense stand it was smaller
on branches. Dry mass was allocated most to leaves in solitary plants and to stems in the dense stand in vegetative growth.
Reproductive allocation was not significantly different. Branch/main stem mass ratio was higher in solitary than dense-stand
plants, and leaf/stem mass ratio higher in branches than in the main axis. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) (dry mass growth
per unit N uptake) was higher and light use efficiency (LUE) (dry mass growth per unit light interception) was lower in the
plant grown solitarily than in the dense stand. 相似文献
158.
Osami Shoji Takashi Fujishiro Shingo Nagano Shota Tanaka Takuya Hirose Yoshitsugu Shiro Yoshihito Watanabe 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2010,15(8):1331-1339
Cytochrome P450BSβ, a H2O2-dependent cytochrome P450 catalyzing the hydroxylation of long-alkyl-chain fatty acids, lacks the general acid–base residue
around the heme, which is indispensable for the efficient generation of the active species using H2O2. On the basis of the crystal structure of the palmitic acid bound form of cytochrome P450BSβ, it was suggested that the role of the general acid–base function was provided by the carboxylate group of fatty acids. The
participation of the carboxylate group of the substrate was supported by the fact that cytochrome P450BSβ can catalyze oxidations of nonnatural substrates such as styrene and ethylbenzene in the presence of a series of short-alkyl-chain
carboxylic acids as a dummy molecule of fatty acid. We refer to a series of short-alkyl-chain carboxylic acids as a “decoy
molecule”. As shown here, we have clarified the crystal structure of the decoy-molecule-bound form and elucidated that the
location of its carboxylate group is virtually the same as that of palmitic acid in the heme cavity, indicating that the carboxylate
group of the decoy molecule serves as the general acid–base catalyst. This result further confirms that the role of the acid–base
function is satisfied by the carboxylate group of the substrates. In addition, the structure analysis of the substrate-free
form has clarified that no remarkable structural change is induced by the binding of the decoy molecule as well as fatty acid.
Consequently, whether the carboxylate group is positioned in the active site provides the switching mechanism of the catalytic
cycle of cytochrome P450BSβ. 相似文献
159.
Tomoya Mita Kosuke Azuma Takashi Nomiyama Takahisa Hirose Ryuzo Kawamori Hirotaka Watada 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,395(4):477-483
Epidemiological studies suggest that insulin resistance is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, there is little information on the role of insulin resistance in atherosclerogenesis independent of LDL cholesterol level. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of systemic insulin resistance on monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and atherosclerotic lesions independent of LDL cholesterol level. KKAy mice are obese mice with spontaneous diabetes and insulin resistance, and normal levels of LDL cholesterol. In parallel with systemic insulin resistance, decreased insulin signal, and the increased expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were noted in macrophages isolated from KKAy mice. These mice showed enhanced monocyte adhesion to the endothelial cells of the thoracic artery. Furthermore, these mice showed expanded atherosclerotic lesions when fed high cholesterol diet. Our data indicate that insulin resistance promotes the atherosclerogenesis independent of LDL cholesterol level. Decreased insulin signaling in macrophages associated with systemic insulin resistance could be involved, at least in part, in this pathological process. 相似文献
160.